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PubMedDate not supplied

A test for antioxidant activity in cosmetic formulations.

The aim of this study was to develop a technique to assay for the activity of antioxidants in a finished cosmetic product. This was accomplished by adapting the Randox Assay for Total Antioxidant Status kit so that diluted samples could be evaluated by kinetic as well as end-point determinations. Using this technique, we found that a finished product had an IC(50) of 0.07 gm of product and a relative antioxidant activity concentration of 52.7 nmoles/mg.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed2000

[Determination of 4 antiseptics and 6 sunscreen agents in cosmetic products by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography].

A method for the quantitative determination of 4 antiseptics (methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate, n-propyl p-hydroxybenzoate, n-butyl p-hydroxybenzoate) and 6 sunscreen agents (2-hydroxy 4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulfonic acid, 2-hydroxy 4-methoxybenzophenone, phenyl salicylate, 2-ethylhexyl 4-dimethyl aminobenzoate, 2-ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate, 2-ethylhexyl salicylate) in cosmetic products was developed successfully. It was based on a reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatographic separation under the conditions of isocratic elution with a mixture of methanol-THF-water (30:100:100, V/V) by using a column packed with 10 microns YWG-C18, and the UV detection at 254 nm and 310 nm. The recoveries(n = 6) ranged from 87.2% to 106.5%, and the relative standard deviations(n = 6) were from 1.2% to 3.3%.

Anti-Infective Agents, Local↗
PubMed2002

[Determination of antioxidants butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) in cosmetics by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry selected ion method].

A new method for the determination of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) in cosmetics by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry selected ion storage (SIS) method was developed. The BHA and BHT in samples were extracted by methanol. The m/z 165 and m/z 205 were the monitoring ion for BHA and BHT respectively. The detection limits of BHA and BHT in samples were 2.5 micrograms/g and 0.5 microgram/g, respectively. The method is simple, rapid and accurate.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed1999

[Determination of eleven preservatives including bronopol in cosmetic by reversed-phase ion-pair chromatography].

Reversed-phase ion-pair chromatography was used to detect 11 preservatives including bronopol, esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid (PHBA) in cosmetics. Zorbax C8 column was used and mobile phase was V (0.05 mol/L NaH2PO4):V(methyl alcohol):V(acetonitrile) = 50:35:15 with addition of hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride (2 mmol/L) and the pH adjusted to 3.5 by using phosphoric acid. The wavelength 254 nm was selected for detection. Samples were extracted with methanol by ultrasonic method. The recoveries were 85%-107% and the relative standard deviations were 2.2%-7.5%.

Anti-Infective Agents, Local↗
PubMed2001

[Analysis on the dermal irritation caused by imported cosmetics].

Dermal irritation tests on 902 kinds of cosmetics were conducted. The acute dermal irritation/corrosion tests for 175 samples showed no irritation in 65.1% of them, and 34.9% of them were considered as slight irritation. The chronic dermal irritation/corrosion tests for another 727 samples showed no irritation for 32.2% of them, and 67.8% of them were considered as slight irritation, most of which are lipsticks, eye shadows, fluid powder foundations and powder foundations.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Botulinum toxin B: the new option in cosmetic injection.

Botulinum toxin, one of nature's most toxic substances, is the unlikely source of one of cosmetic dermatology's most popular new injectable treatment options. This article describes the physiological and biological workings of the several structurally similar but antigenically distinct serotypes of botulinum toxin, and provides clinical studies comparing and contrasting the key ingredients in Botox, Dysport, and Myobloc (Neurobloc).

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A cosmetic dermal incision: morphological and biochemical bases].

The article deals with the issue of skin reparation under the conditions of surgical-wound healing. The authors carried out a comprehensive experimental study comprising the morphological-and-biochemical investigations of peculiarities of the morphological healing pattern and of the elastic-and-deformative scars' features in experimental animals. Dermal scars with the vertical and skew profiles, made by steel and crystal blades, were comparatively analyzed. The advantages related with healing of the skew crystal incision, consisting in a lower volume of the scar tissue, smooth epithelization, and in high elastic scar characteristics, were detected. The crystal scalpels and skew incision profile were made use of within practical blepharoplasty surgery performed in 500 patients with high cosmetic results.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Antioxidants in some pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and food from the European market.

A specific and sensitive reverse phase HPLC method (AO-1) for the quantitative determination of ten phenolic antioxidants and propyl paraben in fatty products (food, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics) has been developed. Extraction with acetonitrile from a hexane dilution of the products; acetic acid-water-acetonitrile-methanol solvent system and detection at 280 nm and quantification by internal standard procedure (reference compound: DMP, dimethylphenol) were used. Good resolutions for all peaks, especially BHT and DG, and no interferences with others common additives were achieved. Mean recoveries, by addition of standards to sample at 20, 50 and 100 micrograms/g, were 96-101% (BHT, 84-86%); minimal quantifiable levels were 0.5-1.6 micrograms/g. Two simple isocratic methods for the confirmation of data obtained by AO-1 were also developed: AO-2 for seven phenolic antioxidants and propyl paraben with DMP as internal standard, AO-3 for four lipophilic antioxidants with di-tert-butylphenol (DTBP) as internal standard.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed2003

[Determination of dissociate formaldehyde in cosmetics by derivative gas chromatography analysis].

A method for determination of dissociate formaldehyde in cosmetics by derivative gas chromatography analysis was presented in the paper. The lowest detection limit of analysis was 5.75 pg; the linear calibration curve for formaldehyde were measured within the range of 8.3-166 micrograms/L, and the correlative coefficient was 0.9996. It was showed that this method was simple and easy to handle, and interferential factors were less, and accuracy was high.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed2004

Self-inflicted cosmetic tongue split: a case report.

The objective of this case study was to obtain some first-hand information about the functional consequences of a cosmetic tongue split operation for speech and tongue motility. One male patient who had performed the operation on himself was interviewed and underwent a tongue motility assessment, as well as an ultrasound examination. Tongue motility was mildly reduced as a result of tissue scarring. Speech was rated to be fully intelligible and highly acceptable by 4 raters, although 2 raters noticed slight distortions of the sibilants /s/ and /z/. The 3-dimensional ultrasound demonstrated that the synergy of the 2 sides of the tongue was preserved. A notably deep posterior genioglossus furrow indicated compensation for the reduced length of the tongue blade. It is concluded that the tongue split procedure did not significantly affect the participant's speech intelligibility and tongue motility.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Is eye cosmetic a source of lead poisoning?

Kohl is a lead-containing eye cosmetic applied to many infants in Israel and in other countries in the Middle East. Seven samples of kohl used in our region contained 17.3%-79.5% lead. We assessed 24 kohl users and 30 non-kohl users, aged 6-16 months, for blood lead, zinc protoporphyrin, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), serum iron and calcium. Blood lead levels were significantly higher in the infants to whom kohl was applied (11.2 vs. 4.3 micrograms/dl, P less than 0.001) and were greater than 20 micrograms/dl in three of them. In the non-kohl users, blood lead levels were significantly higher in infants whose mothers used kohl (5.2 vs. 2.8 micrograms/dl, P less than 0.02). No significant differences were found in the other parameters. The kohl-using infants were significantly shorter at 3-5 weeks of age (P less than 0.005) but not at the time of the study. No significant differences were found in weight and head circumference at birth or at the time of the study between kohl-using infants and controls. Regression analysis showed that among the analyzed variables the infant's blood lead level was related only to the use of kohl. We conclude that application of kohl to the infant's or mother's eyes is associated with a significant increase in the infant's blood lead levels and in the minority of cases with asymptomatic lead poisoning.

Birth Weight↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Photostability of naturally occurring whitening agents in cosmetic microemulsions.

An o/w microemulsion formulated using lecithin and an alkyl glucoside as mild, non-irritant surfactants was proposed as a cosmetic vehicle for arbutin and kojic acid, naturally occurring whitening agents. After assessing the physicochemical stability of the microemulsion in the presence and absence of whitening agents, several perfumed compositions, developed using fragrant molecules of natural or synthetic origin, were introduced, and the olfactory impact of the perfumed microemulsion was evaluated. The photostability to UVB irradiation of both whitening agents was determined in aqueous solutions and in microemulsions, and also in the presence of the perfumed compositions. The stability of arbutin and kojic acid was higher in microemulsions than in aqueous solutions, and only in some cases did the presence of odorous molecules appear to influence it: linalool exerted some protective effect towards kojic acid photodegradation.

Arbutin↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation for collagen products for cosmetic application.

Collagen is an important component for cosmetic formulation, where it is an effective natural humectant with high substantivity. Commercial collagen preparations have a wide range of properties. In the present study, various techniques have been used to examine three distinct commercial collagens that illustrate the range of properties that are available. The usefulness of the various techniques for assessing collagen quality and batch-to-batch variation is discussed. The results indicate that there are several simple, cheap, and effective methods, such as gel electrophoresis, that provide excellent information on collagen quality. The appropriate selection of tests allows informed decisions on the choice of which collagen preparation to use to provide the desired functionality and shelf life of a formulation.

Amino Acids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Quantitative determination of formaldehyde in cosmetics using combined headspace-solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography.

The objective of this research was the application of headspace (HS)-solid-phase microextraction (SPME) for the quantitation of formaldehyde present in raw materials and cosmetic formulations. The formaldehyde was derivatized in situ first with pentafluorophenylhydrazine (PFPH), to form a derivative hydrazone. The formed hydrozone was adsorbed on a SPME fiber during headspace extraction under controlled conditions (time, temperature, volume, etc.). After the adsorption step, the SPME fiber was directly transferred into the gas chromatography (GC) injection port in which the analytes were thermally desorbed. Deuterated acetone was used as an internal standard (IS) in order to quantitate the formaldehyde content. For the experiment, a gas chromatograph equipped with a flame ionization detector (GC/FID) was employed. A gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer (GC/MS) was used for the qualitative confirmation of results in this work.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed2004

[Study on analysis of thioglycolic acid in cosmetics by ion chromatography].

OBJECTIVE: An analytical method of determinating thioglycolic acid in cosmetics by ion-exchange chromatography suppressed conductivity detection has been developed. METHODS: A high capacity anion exchange column, IonPacAS11-HC column was used. 25mmol/L NaOH + 1% methanol was used as eluent, and the flow rate was set up at 0.85ml/min. Samples were pretreated by extraction with CHCl3 to remove some organic substance, and then upper clean liquid was injected. RESULTS: The influence of samples' pH, coexist anion and the concentration of methanol in eluent on determination was discussed. The method enjoyed a wide linear range and good precision. The detection limit was 2.3mg/kg. The average recoveries were 91.5% - 10.0%, and the relative standard deviation (RSD%) was less 0.941. CONCLUSION: The results showed that the method was simple, accurate and might be good for application.

Chromatography, Ion Exchange↗
PubMed2004

[Allergy to cosmetics. II. Preservatives].

Disinfectants are essential components of body care preparations, household goods and industrial products. They inhibit growth of bacteria and fungi. Esters of parahydroxybenzoate acid and products that release small amounts of formaldehyde (Germal 115, Germal II, Dovicil 200, Bronopol, DMDM hydantoine) were most frequently used in the past. In the 1980s, Katon CG (5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one + 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one) evoked the epidemics of contact dermatitis in Sweden, Finland, Germany, Italy and The Netherlands. In the next years, allergy to another preservative, Euxyl K 400 was dramatically growing. Studies carried out in 11 European countries showed that hypersensitivity increased from 0.7% in 1991 to 3.5% in 2000. It was revealed that not only cosmetics left on the skin sensitize, but also those washable. Apart from preservatives, allergic reactions are induced by emulgators, antioxidants, moisteners, lubricants, stabilizers and stickers.

Cosmetics↗
PubMed2004

[Determination and identification of anions and cations in cosmetics].

A method was developed for the determination of anions and cations (Na+, NH4+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+,Cl-, Br-, NO2- , NO3- and SO4(2-)) in cosmetics by using ion chromatography with conductometric detection. The eluent for determining anions was 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid (2.0 mmol/L) with 1.0 mL/min flow rate on anion exchange column (ICS-C25), while that for cations was o-phthalic acid (2.5 mmol/L) and trihydroxyaminomethane (2.4 mmol/L ) with 0.6 mL/min flow rate on cation exchange column (Shim-pack IC-Al). The ions had good linear relations in wide range, and the recoveries were from 93% to 102%.

Anions↗
PubMed2005

Experiences and influences of women with cosmetic tattooing.

Cosmetic tattooing (permanent makeup of eyebrows, eyeliner, or lipliner) procedures are flourishing among women worldwide. Recurrent themes provide knowledge and understanding so dermatology nurses can aid in their procedural decision making.

Cosmetics↗