Salbutamol and ipratropium bromide solution in the treatment of bronchospasm in asthmatic children.
The effects of the beta 2-adrenergic agonist salbutamol (0.02 mL/kg of a 0.5% solution) and the cholinergic antagonist ipratropium bromide (2 mL of a 0.025% solution), administered alone or in combination at different doses, were evaluated in 48 asthmatic children using a single-dose, double-blind, crossover design. Spirometric measurements were taken before and 10, 30, 60, 120, 180, 240, 300, and 360 minutes after administration of the drugs. All regimens produced significant bronchodilatation 10 to 30 minutes after administration. The improvement began to decline three to four hours after inhalation, particularly when ipratropium bromide was administered alone. The administration of the salbutamol plus ipratropium combination did not significantly improve pulmonary function values as compared to salbutamol alone. The effects of salbutamol and ipratropium bromide in half-dose or full-dose combinations were indistinguishable. No significant adverse effects on blood pressure or heart rate were observed.