Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “BREATHING EXERCISES”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 937 records · Page 52Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Differences in mouth occlusion pressure and breathing pattern between arm and leg incremental exercise.

The aim of the study was to compare breathing pattern, mouth occlusion pressure, mean inspiratory flow and the ratio of mouth occlusion pressure to mean inspiratory flow at the same power output and carbon dioxide output during arm and leg incremental exercise. Mouth occlusion pressure was used as an index of inspiratory neuromuscular activity and its ratio to mean inspiratory flow as an index of the 'effective' impedance of the respiratory system. Eight normal subjects performed two incremental exercise tests, one with arms, the other with legs, on different weeks and in randomized order, and on two identical cycle ergometers. The power output was increased by steps of 25 W for arms and 50 W for legs every 4 min until exhaustion. At the same power output, oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide output, ventilation, mean inspiratory flow, mouth occlusion pressure, 'effective' impedance (P < 0.001) and respiratory frequency (P < 0.01) were higher during arm exercise than during leg exercise, whereas inspiratory time (P < 0.05) and expiratory time (P < 0.01) were lower. At the same carbon dioxide output, mouth occlusion pressure, ventilation, 'effective' impedance (P < 0.001) and respiratory frequency (P < 0.01) were higher and expiratory time (P < 0.05) was lower during arm exercise. In conclusion, the higher inspiratory neuromuscular activity and impedance of the respiratory system during arm exercise and the differences observed in ventilation and breathing pattern at equal carbon dioxide output seem related to the differences in exercising muscle afferents and the presence of an increased load due to contraction of rib cage muscles to stabilize posture.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Influence of exercise intensity on the on- and off-transient kinetics of pulmonary oxygen uptake in humans.

1. The maximal oxygen uptake (V(O(2),peak)) during dynamic muscular exercise is commonly taken as a crucial determinant of the ability to sustain high-intensity exercise. Considerably less attention, however, has been given to the rate at which V(O(2)) increases to attain this maximum (or to its submaximal requirement), and even less to the kinetic features of the response following exercise. 2. Six, healthy, male volunteers (aged 22 to 58 years), each performed 13 exercise tests: initial ramp-incremental cycle ergometry to the limit of tolerance and subsequently, on different days, three bouts of square-wave exercise each at moderate, heavy, very heavy and severe intensities. Pulmonary gas exchange variables were determined breath by breath throughout exercise and recovery from the continuous monitoring of respired volumes (turbine) and gas concentrations (mass spectrometer). 3. For moderate exercise, the V(O(2)) kinetics were well described by a simple mono-exponential function, following a short cardiodynamic phase, with the on- and off-transients having similar time constants (tau(1)); i.e. tau(1,on) averaged 33 +/- 16 s (+/- S.D.) and tau(1,off) 29 +/- 6 s. 4. The on-transient V(O(2)) kinetics were more complex for heavy exercise. The inclusion of a second slow and delayed exponential component provided an adequate description of the response; i.e. tau(1,on) = 32 +/- 17 s and tau(2,on) = 170 +/- 49 s. The off-transient V(O(2)) kinetics, however, remained mono-exponential (tau(1,off) = 42 +/- 11 s). 5. For very heavy exercise, the on-transient V(O(2)) kinetics were also well described by a double exponential function (tau(1,on) = 34 +/- 11 s and tau(2,on) = 163 +/- 46 s). However, a double exponential, with no delay, was required to characterise the off-transient kinetics (i.e. tau(1,off) = 33 +/- 5 s and tau(2,off) = 460 +/- 123 s). 6. At the highest intensity (severe), the on-transient V(O(2)) kinetics reverted to a mono-exponential profile (tau(1,on) = 34 +/- 7 s), while the off-transient kinetics retained a two-component form (tau(1,off) = 35 +/- 11 s and tau(2,off) = 539 +/- 379 s). 7. We therefore conclude that the kinetics of V(O(2)) during dynamic muscular exercise are strikingly influenced by the exercise intensity, both with respect to model order and to dynamic asymmetries between the on- and off-transient responses.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The effect of maternal physical activity on fetal breathing movements.

We investigated the relationship between maternal exercise and fetal breathing movements. In the majority of cases, fetal breathing activity decreased following maternal exercise that involved climbing of stairs. The observations indicate that the validity of this test for the purpose of fetal well-being requires performance of the investigation following a prolonged period of maternal rest.

Female↗
PubMed1993

[Inspiratory muscle training combined with general exercise reconditioning in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].

In a controlled clinical trial, we compared the effect of 6 months of specific inspiratory muscle training combined with general exercise reconditioning, with that of general exercise reconditioning alone. We measured the effects of the 2 regimens on inspiratory muscle strength, endurance, and exercise performance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), 2 groups of 10 patients each. Inspiratory muscle strength (expressed as the PImax at RV) increased significantly from 43.2 +/- 3.0 to 67.8 +/- 2.9 cm H2O (p < 0.0001) and respiratory muscle endurance (expressed as the relationship between PmPeak, the pressure achieved with the heaviest load tolerated for at least 60 sec, and PI max) increased significantly from 60.2 +/- 2.5 to 85.6 +/- 2.8% (p < 0.001) in the first group (combined treatment). After the 6-month training period, in both groups there were significant increases in 12-minute walk and endurance work time at 2/3 of Wmax (maximal work each subject achieved on a progressive bicycle exercise test of maximum work load). However, those in the first group showed significantly greater improvement in distance walked and endurance time than the others. We conclude that specific inspiratory muscle training for 6 months improves inspiratory muscle strength and endurance in patients with COPD. This training, combined with general exercise reconditioning, also results in improvement in exercise tolerance significantly greater than that of general exercise reconditioning alone.

Breathing Exercises↗
PubMed1980

Alveolar Pco2 during rest and exercise in divers and non-divers breathing O2 at 1 ATA.

The extent of hypercapnia in oxygen-breathing subjects was investigated during rest and exercise (650 kpm/min). Divers, ex-divers, and non-divers were studied. Carbon dioxide retention was judged by end-tidal Pco2 values achieved after a few minutes at each state. End-breath-hold (EBH) PAco2 was also measured in the two states to assess the contribution of breathing pattern to CO2 retention. Findings indicated a pronounced hypoventilation and hypercapnia in the divers during exercise, and a mean exercise EBH PAco2 value 15 mmHg greater than that in non-divers. Ex-divers had group mean values not significantly different from those of active divers. Superimposed inspired CO2 load caused similar elevations in PAco2 values in divers and non-divers. We concluded that CO2 retention in exercising oxygen-breathing divers cannot be accounted for solely as a conditioned breathing behavior, may be due partly to a reduced central responsiveness of CO2, and is not dependent on current diving activity.

Adolescent↗