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PubMedDate not supplied

Excretion of urinary amino acids in children with postural proteinuria.

The urinary excretion of free amino acids was studied in urine specimens from 12 subjects with postural proteinuria in recumbent posture and after a period of upright lordotic posture. The lordotic posture produced an increased urinary excretion of total amino acid and 12 amino acids, particularly of taurine, glutamic acid, a-amino adipic acid, valine, leucine, ethanolamine and arginine. However, 90 min after the lordotic posture, all amino acids returned to the initial values. Although, many factors must be considered in the evaluation of the urinary excretion of amino acids, an increased urinary excretion of amino acids occurring after the lordotic posture may be the result of reabsorption disturbance of the renal tubules.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1979

Identification by affinity chromatography of the eukaryotic ribosomal proteins that bind to 5.8 S ribosomal ribonucleic acid.

The proteins that bind to rat liver 5.8 S ribosomal ribonucleic acid were identified by affinity chromatography. The nucleic acid was oxidized with periodate and coupled by its 3'-terminus to Sepharose 4B through and adipic acid dihydrazide spacer. The ribosomal proteins that associate with the immobilized 5.8 S rRNA were identified by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresiss: they were L19, L8, and L6 from the 60 S subunit; and S13 and S9 from the small subparticle. Small amounts of L14, L17', L18, L27/L27', and L35', and of S11, S15, S23/S24, and S26 also were bound to the affinity column, but whether they associate directly and specifically with 5.8 S rRNA is not known. Escherichia coli ribosomal proteins did not bind to the rat liver 5.8 S rRNA affinity column.

Animals↗

PubMed1979

[Glutaric aciduria. 1 new case].

A 4 year old girl with mild mental retardation presented with convulsions, coma and hepatomegaly. She died rapidly. The main biochemical findings were hypoglycaemia, metabolic acidosis, generalised aminoaciduria, elevation of the plasma and urine alpha-amino adipic acid, massive urine excretion of glutaric and glutaconic acids with traces of alpha-hydroxyglutaric acid. The diagnosis of glutaric aciduria was confirmed by the low activity of glutaryl CoA dehydrogenase in liver tissue. This diagnosis should be considered in children with progressive neurological disorders (dystonia, choreoathetosis) and in children with an illness similar to Reye's syndrome.

Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors↗

PubMed1979

In vitro sensitivities to antimicrobial drugs of ureaplasmas isolated from the bovine respiratory tract, genital tract and eye.

The sensitivity to 18 antimicrobial drugs was examined for 66 strains of Ureaplasma sp isolated from respiratory tracts of calves suffering from enzootic pneumonia, urinary tracts of bulls and eyes of cows suffering from infectious bovine kerato-conjunctivitis. Furamizole, tiamulin fumarate, erythromycin lactobionate, malidomycin C, doxycycline hydrochloride, kitasamycin tartrate, tylosin tartrate, T-2636C, tetracycline hydrochloride, oxytetracycline hydrochloride, chlortetracycline hydrochloride, oleandomycin phosphate, furazolidone, spiramycin adipate, chloramphenicol and thiophenicol showed strong inhibiting activity on all the test strains. Among them, furamizole, tiamulin fumarate and erythromycin lactobionate were most active. Kanamycin sulphate showed weak activity on all the strains tested. The differences in origin of the test strains did not affect their sensitivity to any of the drugs.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[The Filaria Breinlia booliati in the Adedes togoi adipose tissue; comparison with the couple Dipetalonema dessetae-A. aegypti (author's transl)].

In the couple Filaria-vector Breinlia (Breinlia) booliati-Aedes (Finlaya) togoi, the changs observed in the parasited adipose tissue display large similarities with those recently observed in Dipetalonemia (Molinema) dessetae-Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti: same syncitium organisation of parasited adipocytes, and local stimulation of protein synthesis. However, there is an essential difference between the two coules studied: the parasited adipous syncitium is not any more induced by a blood uptake in booliati-togoi, whereas this parasited tissue reacts like unparasited adipocytes in dessetae-aegypti. Analysis of crossed couples (booliati-aegypti and dessetae-togoi) demonstrates that these physiological properties are not linked to the vecotr but to the Filaria itself.

Adipose Tissue↗

PubMed1984

[Action of D-alpha aminoadipic acid on the sensory organs of the inner ear in the frog].

Following the suggestions in the literature that glutamate or aspartate may be the transmitter at the primary afferent synapses of acoustico-lateralis organs, we have employed the "selective" excitatory amino acid antagonist. D-alpha amino adipate (DAA) as a tool with which to shed further light on this problem in the labyrinthine organs of the frog. DAA produces a dose-responsive, reversible depression of spontaneous activity in the afferent nerves of the posterior semicircular canal, saccule and basilar papilla. These structures are examples of ampullar, otolithic and auditory organs, respectively. The drug effect seems qualitatively the same throughout the labyrinth. The most interesting finding was that of a presynaptic (hair cell) effect of DAA on the semicircular canal. The means of recording did not permit detection of a presynaptic effect in the other organs examined. All the observed effects of DAA could be explained by a presynaptic action to inhibit transmitter release. Therefore, the ability of DAA to reduce transmission at primary afferent synapses of the frog labyrinth must not necessarily be interpreted to imply that the transmitter is an excitatory amino acid. A presynaptic action to reduce the release of a transmitter (of unknown structure) could explain all our results.

2-Aminoadipic Acid↗

PubMed1977

[Idiopathic liquefying panniculitis with fatal outcome].

A 34 year's old female patient died of nodular liquefying panniculitis after a six months evolution. The only systemic lesions found at post mortem histological examination were an involvement of both pleural cavities with an oily fluid. This seemed to have been the cause of death. This symptomatology was not observed in any of the 26 fatal cases of Weber-Christian disease published in the literature among which 11 cases with no other lesions than adipous tissue lesions, 6 cases where death was related to secondary effects of panniculitis and 9 cases where death was related in intercurrent diseases.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

On the effect of aliphatic saturated dicarboxylic acids on anaerobic glycolysis in chicken embryo.

Oxalic, succinic, glutaric and pimelic acid (5 mM) had no effect on lactate formation from glucose if added to a crude extract of chicken embryo at the same time as substrate and cofactors; conversely malonic, adipic, suberic, azelaic and sebacic acid had an inhibitory effect ranging from 20% to 35%. When the enzyme preparation was pre-incubated with the dicarboxylic acids for one hour before beginning the experiments, all compounds tested, with the exception of succinate, inhibited anaerobic glycolysis. Hexokinase activity was significantly reduced by saturated dicarboxylic acids from C3 to C10, but not by oxalic acid. Phosphofructokinase was inhibited only by oxalic, pimelic and suberic acid. Pyruvate kinase appeared sensitive only to oxalic acid (64% inhibition).

Anaerobiosis↗

PubMed1984

Toxicity of the components of poly(vinylchloride) polymers additives.

The salient features of the toxicity of a number of additives used in polyvinyl chloride polymers were reviewed with primary emphasis on the toxicity of plasticizers (e.g., diethylhexyl phthalate and its metabolites, butylbenzylphthalate and di(2-ethylhexyl)adipate), heat stabilizers (e.g., organotin and lead stabilizers), blowing agents (e.g., azodicarbonamide), free-radical initiators (e.g., benzoylperoxide, lauroyl peroxide, ter.butylhydroperoxide and di-tert.butylperoxide, and flame retardants (e.g., decabromodiphenyl oxide). The paucity of toxicity data on the vast majority of PVC additives should be stressed.

Animals↗

PubMed1983

Acute valproate intoxication: biochemical investigations and hemodialysis treatment.

A 20-year-old female was comatose for several days after intoxication with 75 g sodium valproate (VPA). She was successfully treated with hemodialysis, hemoperfusion, i.v. infusion of glucose, and given intensive care. Although a peak serum VPA of 2120 micrograms/ml (14720 microM) was registered 8 1/2 h after drug intake, no definite drug-related hepatotoxic or thrombocytopenic effects were seen. The only signs of organotoxicity were slight increases in serum amylase and a transient proteinuria. Further acute biochemical alterations were a decrease in serum calcium, an increase in plasma ammonia as well as in serum propionate, and elevated urinary excretions of adipic and suberic acid. Analysis of amino acids in serum revealed a stable increased level of glycine.

Adult↗

PubMed1983

[Stereospecificity of the action of alpha-aminoadipic acid on the retina: a morphological and electrophysiological study].

An intravitreal injection of the D isomer of the alpha-amino adipic acid (alpha-aa) entails the progressive disappearance of the ERG b wave as well as that of tectal evoked potentials (TEP). These physiological effects are concomitant with a specific glial cell damage in frog and chicken retinas. At low concentrations, the L isomer is more gliotoxic than the D isomer; the ERG b wave is suppressed while TEP are always recorded. At higher concentrations, the L isomer suppresses TEP and damages both glial and neuronal cells.

2-Aminoadipic Acid↗

PubMed1983

Investigation of immunoadsorbent efficiency and capacity for the isolation of tRNAs containing N6-(delta 2-isopentenyl)adenosine derivatives.

Antibodies directed to modified nucleosides recognize the nucleoside (antigen) when it is present in an intact tRNA molecule. The general application of anti-nucleoside immunoadsorbent chromatography, however, has been greatly impeded by the apparent inefficiency and low capacity of conventional immunoadsorbents for transfer RNA. Antibodies specific for isopentenyladenosine (i6A) were employed to investigate the efficacy of various immunoadsorbents with respect to immobilization of antibody protein and with respect to their ability to bind i6A-containing tRNAs. Biologically active anti-i6A was recovered in high yield (80-88%) by affinity chromatography on i6A-adipate-Sepharose 4B or i6A-butane diglycidyl ether-Sepharose 4B using either 15% pyridine in phosphate-buffered saline or 0.2 M acetic acid as eluents. The binding capacity of various anti-i6A antibody immunoadsorbents was evaluated. While both anti-i6A antibody-protein A-agarose-iminothiolane (ITL) and anti-i6A antibody-protein A-agarose-dimethyl suberimidate showed a high capacity for i6A-tRNA, the latter column is much less efficient with respect to antibody immobilization. Under optimal conditions, the ITL immunoadsorbent binds 5-6 nmol of i6A/mg of antibody protein. With respect to bulk tRNA, 1 mg of antibody protein (ITL immunoadsorbent) binds all of the i6A-tRNA in a 1-mg sample.

Adenosine↗

PubMed1978

Sensitivites in vitro to antimicrobial drugs of bovine mycoplasmas isolated from respiratory and genital tracts.

A total of 155 Mycoplasma strains were examined for sensitivity to nine antibiotics and four nitrofurans by the agar dilution method. They consisted of 69 strains of Mycoplasma bovirhinis, 33 strains of M. bovigenitalium, 49 strains of Acholeplasma laidlawii and four strains of A. modicum isolated from the nasal secretions, tracheas and lungs of calves manifesting respiratory symptoms and from bovine genital tracts collected at a slaughterhouse. As a result, furamizole and mitomycin C showed the strongest growth-inhibiting effect on all the strains. They were followed in this effect by kitasamycin tartrate, spiramycin adipate, tylosin tartrate, tetracycline-HCl and chloramphenicol. Furthermore, these five drugs were followed in the effect by furazolidone, nitrofurantoin and sodium nifurstyrenate. Fradiomycin sulfate and kanamycin sulfate showed only little effect on all the strains. Erythromycin lactobionate showed a strong growth-inhibiting effect on the Acholeplasma strains, but not on the Mycoplasma strains. There were some cross resistant strains of the Acholeplasma species to the effects of the macrolides.

Animals↗

PubMed1984

Urinary metabolites of some alicyclic nitrosamines.

We have studied the urinary metabolites of N-nitrosopiperidine, 3- and 4-hydroxy-N-nitrosopiperidine, N-nitroso-4-piperidone, N-nitrosohexamethyleneimine and N-nitroso-heptamethyleneimine. The N-nitrosopiperidines induce primarily oesophageal tumours in rats; N-nitrosohexamethyleneimine induces oesophageal and liver tumours and N-nitrosoheptamethyleneimine induces oesophageal and lung tumours. The products were identified by gas chromatographic comparison with standards, where possible, and by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The percentage of the dose excreted as metabolites in the urine increased with ring size. Hydroxy and ketone derivatives of all three of the N-nitrosoalicyclic amines were found. Pimelic acid was the major metabolite (congruent to 25%) of N-nitrosoheptamethyleneimine; adipic acid was identified as a metabolite of N-nitrosohexamethyleneimine, but not glutaric acid was found from N-nitrosopiperidine.

Animals↗

PubMed1981

In vitro evaluation of antibiotics in the treatment of periodontal disease.

To assess the antibiotic sensitivity of subgingival microflora, chloramphenicol sodium succinate, clindamycin hydrochloride hydrate, disodium carbenicillin, doxycycline hyclate, erythromycin, minocycline hydrochloride, penicillin -G, spiramycin adipate, tetracycline hydrochloride and metronidazole were examined. Eleven patients with periodontitis were selected for sampling. Subgingival plaque samples were taken from three sites on each patient. Anaerobic incubation of the plaque samples for ten days was made on the blood agar plates which contained 0.1 microgram/ml and 5 microgram/ml of each antibiotic substance, respectively. According to the results of viable counts on the plates, it was determined that penicillin, tetracycline, doxycycline, and minocycline were most effective antibiotics with which to control the periodontal plaque organisms. Resistant organisms against those four antibiotics were generally Streptococcus species. "anaerobic vibrios", and Veillonella parvula. Some of the oral anaerobic isolates were also tested against all antibiotics at the concentration of 1 microgram/ml of each. Minocycline and clindamycin were the two most effective antibiotics against anaerobic subgingival purified strains and chloramphenicol was the least effective.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗

PubMed1981

Measurement of aspartate aminotransferase isoenzymes: six procedures compared.

Six procedures were evaluated for aspartate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.1) isoenzyme assay in human serum and tissue homogenates. Results of procedures based on immunochemical precipitation by use of antibodies directed against either the mitochondrial or (with greater precision) soluble isoenzyme correlated well with those by a differential kinetic assay involving both different pH conditions and adipate inhibition. Results with a DEAE-Sephadex ion-exchange chromatographic procedure correlated well with these techniques for specimens containing purified isoenzymes, but showed substantial positive bias for determination of the mitochondrial isoenzyme in human serum. An assay based on the differential effects of pH alone discriminated between the isoenzymes with less bias than did the chromatographic assay. Precision of the two differential pH assays was limited by significant reagent blank activity resulting from destruction of NADH at pH 6.0 or 6.2. An electrophoretic procedure in which diazonium salt is used to make oxalacetate visible was least accurate for measuring samples for which the isoenzyme composition was known.

Aspartate Aminotransferases↗

PubMed1982

The binding of transfer ribonucleic acids to 5 S and 5.8 S eukaryotic ribosomal ribonucleic acid-protein complexes.

Rat liver 5 S and 5.8 S rRNAs were oxidized with periodate and the 3' termini were coupled to Sepharose 4B through an adipic acid dihydrazide spacer. Ribosomal proteins were passed through the nucleic acid affinity columns to form ribonucleoprotein complexes containing the nucleic acid and the proteins that bind to it (5 S . L6, L7, L19; and 5.8 S . L6, L19, S9, S13). Pure isoaccepting species of yeast initiator-tRNA (tRNAfMet) and elongator-tRNAs (tRNAmMet, and tRNAPhe) were chromatographed on the ribosomal ribonucleoprotein affinity columns. The three rRNAs were bound to the 5 S and 5.8 S ribosomal ribonucleoprotein complexes. The elongation and initiation ternary complexes, EF-1 alpha . GTP . Phe-tRNAPhe, and eIF-2 . GTP . Met-tRNAfMet, also were bound to both ribosomal ribonucleoprotein affinity columns, whereas the binary complex EF-1 alpha . GTP and puromycin were not.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Investigations of anthelminthic activity and synthesis of new derivatives of perhydroazepine, perhydro-1,4-diazepine, perhydro-1,4-oxazepine and perhydro-1,5-oxazocine.

Anthelminthic activity of new esters of 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoic acid containing rests of the title heterocyclic amines has been determined. 3-(Perhydroazepinyl)-propyl ester 6 acts on enchytraeids in vitro 56-fold stronger than piperazine adipate, 2-(perhydroazepinyl)-ethyl ester 5 is the most effective in a therapy of mice infested with nematodes.

Animals↗