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PubMed1986

Fertility and adaptation: Indochinese refugees in the United States.

"Levels of fertility among Indochinese refugees in the United States are explored in the context of a highly compressed demographic transition implicit in the move from high-fertility Southeast Asian societies to a low-fertility resettlement region. A theoretical model is developed to explain the effect on refugee fertility of social background characteristics, migration history and patterns of adaptation to a different economic and cultural environment controlling for marital history and length of residence in the U.S." The chief source for the data and analyses is the Indochinese Health and Adaptation Research Project (IHARP), San Diego State University. "Multiple regression techniques are used to test the model which was found to account for nearly half of the variation in refugee fertility levels in the United States. Fertility is much higher for all Indochinese ethnic groups than it is for American women; the number of children in refugee families is in turn a major determinant of welfare dependency. Adjustments for rates of natural increase indicate a total 1985 Indochinese population of over one million, making it one of the largest Asian-origin populations in the United States."

Acculturation↗
PubMed1985

Population pressure, mobility, and socio-economic change in mountainous environments: regions of refuge in comparative perspective.

This paper examines demographic and socioeconomic forces in high isolated parts of the world. These regions were not always isolated; they were once the centers of their own particular worlds which, in some cases, were complex civilizations. It is their relegation to the very periphery of the modern world that is the principal theme of this paper. Population migration, both into and out of these areas, has played a vital role in linking mountainous regions to the wider world. Particular attention is paid to the part played by the traditional mobility patterns and by the resource base of the mountains in the transformation of integral, self-sufficient cultures into dependent, subservient part-cultures, the regions of refuge. The effect of population pressure and the development of outmigration from the Andes of Peru is examined first and the analysis extended to the highlands of Papua-New Guinea and to several regions in the Himalayan arc to provide the background for a comparative study of regions of refuge.

Age Distribution↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A methodology for segregating rural-urban mortality estimates.

" This study deals mainly in estimating rural/urban mortality differentials in countries where death registration by place of residence is nonexistent or inadequate. The methodology was applied to Philippine death registration data of 1975 and the result was compared to those estimates obtained by applying Brass, Sullivan and Trussell techniques on the 1978 World Fertility Survey data of children ever born and children still living. Basically, the methodology allocates death registration data to rural and urban areas by applying to each geographic unit several indices of urbanization. This is possible when death registration in developing nations is tabulated by geographic units, such as province, region, state, island, etc. The underlying assumption is that some geographic units are more urbanized than others. The process involves identification of these units and combining them into urban areas. This likewise implies that the remaining areas can be combined as rural." (SUMMARY IN FRE AND ITA)

Asia↗
PubMed1986

[The migration of the rural population of Central Java].

"The objectives of this study are to examine the migration, circulation, and commuting dimensions of population mobility in rural areas of Central Java. An analysis was made to gauge a relationship between the population mobility dimensions and the agricultural modernization in the different villages." The data were collected by means of systematic random sampling from nine villages in 1981. (SUMMARY IN ENG)

Agriculture↗
PubMed1986

[Population migration from village to city and opportunities for employment: a survey of three cities in North Sumatra].

"This study is concerned with patterns of mobility and employment in North Sumatra Province [Indonesia]. Various forms of population mobility are investigated with a view toward assessing their causes and consequences. In this article, however, we are mainly concerned with rural-urban migration. The analysis is based upon a probability sample of 1,100 households selected from Medan, Pematang Siantar and Tebing Tinggi." The results indicate that "migration patterns appear quite similar for all three cities. Migrants are reasonably well educated and tended to be young, unmarried and motivated by economic reason. Most migrants come from greater distances, are frequently from urban origin and exhibit diversity of ethnic backgrounds. Those who come to Medan are more certain of a job, because urban informal employment is very significant there. In general, most migrants appear to experience significant gains in their social and economic status subsequent to moving." (SUMMARY IN ENG)

Age Factors↗
PubMed1985

Migration and employment in urban Southeast Asia: examples from Indonesia and the Philippines.

"Migration and employment characteristics are compared for two intermediate-sized cities in Southeast Asia: Cebu, the Philippines, and Medan, Indonesia. Using samples of household interviews as a source of information, the basic characteristics of migrant heads of household in the two cities are examined. In addition the nature of the employment and the search for employment are analyzed and contrasted."

Asia↗