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At least 919 records · Page 51Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[The use of rheography for assessing the adequacy of prolonged artificial ventilation of the lungs in patients undergoing surgery of pulmonary tuberculosis].

When prolonged end-expired-air positive pressure ventilation (EEPPV) is performed to prevent possible respiratory complications after operation for pulmonary tuberculosis, thorough monitoring of the circulation system seems to be necessary since EEPPV affects the cardiovascular system. In this case rheography makes it possible to objectively assess the hemodynamics and phasic pattern of heart performance. An optimum regimen of EEPPV is that which ensures a maximum increase of the pulmonary ventilation in each zone, including the best blood oxygenation without negative action of EEPPV on circulation. EEPPV below 10 sm H2O is recommended for patients with disseminated and complicated tuberculosis.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Eosinophilia in the pleural and peritoneal effusions.

Of 248 patients with various benign or malignant chronic diseases who presented pleural or peritoneal effusions, the authors have selected 16 cases in which the proportion of eosinophils in these fluids exceeded 5% of the total cell count. High values of eosinophilia have been observed mostly in the serous membrane fluids from patients with tuberculosis and various neoplasms. In the authors' opinion, this suggests the participation of eosinophils in the immune processes occurring in the course of these pathologic conditions, in which the lymphocytes are also involved.

Ascites↗
PubMed2006

Carotid atherosclerosis is not related to past tuberculosis in hypercholesterolemic patients.

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis is a chronic recurrent infection and inflammation is part of the disease which may remain undiagnosed for months. Furthermore immunization with recombinant heat shock protein-65-rich mycobacterium tuberculosis increased atherogenesis in hypercholesterolemic animal models. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the potential interrelationships between past tuberculosis with carotid and femoral atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic patients. DESIGN AND SETTING: Case control study in a university hospital. PATIENTS: Two groups of hypercholesterolemic patient group (n=147) studied in a cardiovascular prevention unit during the same quarter, age (+/-1 year) and sex-matched. The first group presented a history of tuberculosis in the past and the second group never. METHODS: Atherosclerosis was assessed by carotid and femoral external echography. Measurements of maximum plaque diameter were done in longitudinal planes, and the extent of atherosclerosis was graded according to the most severe visible changes on the scanned arteries. RESULTS: The frequency and the distribution of atherosclerosis was similar in the two groups, whatever the arterial site explored, carotid or femoral. None of the clinical and biological studied variables were different between the two groups of patients. CONCLUSION: Past tuberculosis is not associated with increased frequency of atherosclerotic lesions in hypercholesterolemic patients.

Carotid Artery Diseases↗
PubMed1995

The solitary pulmonary nodule: update 1995.

PURPOSE: This study analyzed the clinical characteristics, diagnostic evaluation, prevalence of malignancy, and outcome of patients with a solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN) encountered in the outpatient practice of a pulmonologist in an urban university hospital from 1990 to 1993. PATIENTS AND METHODS: SPN was defined as a round or ovoid density < or = 3 cm in diameter within the lung parenchyma. Patients with and without lung cancer in SPNs were compared. RESULTS: Forty patients had a mean age of 65 years, an almost equal sex distribution, high prevalences of cardiovascular disease (53%) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (33%), but a low incidence of tuberculosis. The mean size of SPNs was 1.8 cm. The prevalence of malignancy was 53%. In SPNs < or = 2 cm in diameter, the prevalence of malignancy was 43%. Nonsurgical biopsy techniques made a diagnosis in 78% of patients. In 94% of patients with lung cancer in SPNs, the tumor was resectable (stage 1, 2, or 3A), emphasizing the need for early detection. Despite the small size of the SPNs, the prevalence of malignancy was high. CONCLUSION: Despite the advanced age and high prevalence of cardiovascular disease and COPD in patients with SPNs, lung cancer that occurs in these lesions appears to have a favorable prognosis if detected promptly.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Tuberculosis and stroke: case report and literature review].

UNLABELLED: Tuberculosis remains a public health problem in Côte-d'Ivoire, a sub-saharan region country, where infection with a prevalence of 2-10% increase tuberculosis incidence assesed to 290 per 100,000 habitants. Authors report a case of a ischemic stroke (IS) and unknown HIV and tuberculosis infection; discuss these infections responsibility in the occurrence of this IS and past neurological signs. The patient presented with a left hemiparesis without infectious sign nor drowsiness. Medical history noticed a weight loss and two months ago a completely regressive tetraparesia. CT cerebral scan didn't found other sign than a IS located in the right middle cerebral artery territory as describe in the literature. The cerebrospinal fluid (CS) blood cell count was high and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MT) was found at direct exam. Positive HIV blood serology and MT where noticed at direct spit smears without chest radiograph lesion. After MT six month treatment progresses was good with no MT in CS and spit smears. Because of financial problems HIV treatment was unitialized at this time and MT was prolonged to 12 months. Literature point out different forms sometimes associated of intracranial tuberculosis (meningitis, hydrocephalus, tuberculoma, milliary, abscess, empyema). MT at direct exam was scarce, in spite of news biological methods MT diagnosis can be difficult and need a biopsy or a test treatment. Arachnoid's enhancement is frequent but MT can be misdiagnosed by CT scan which is sometimes less efficient than IRM. CONCLUSION: This case argue that tuberculosis may be evocated as a stroke aetiology especially in presence of HIV infection even if some cardiovascular risk factors are present.

Cote d'Ivoire↗
PubMed1988

Hazard of obesity--the Norwegian experience.

Ten years' follow-up of mortality of 1.7 million persons aged 15 years or more with measured body weight and height demonstrates a consistent correlation between body mass index and mortality. The risk function is an asymmetrical U-function. This shape makes the determination of an optimum very uncertain. The two tails in the distribution of the body mass index show marked differences as to the causes of death: the lower tail is characterized by tuberculosis, lung cancer, obstructive lung diseases, and the upper tail by cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and (for males) colon cancer.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1994

[Adult mortality decline in Costa Rica].

"This paper examines the adult-mortality transition in Costa Rica and its determinants. The risk of dying declined by 80% for young adults and by 40% for old adults from 1920 to 1990. The fastest decline took place in the 1950s for young-adult ages and in the late 1980s for old-adult ages.... By 1990, about 40% of Costa Rican deaths are caused by accidents and violence at young-adult ages and by cardiovascular diseases at old ages. Infectious and nutritional-related conditions (especially respiratory tuberculosis and malaria) account for three-fourths of the adult-mortality decline between 1951 and 1971, but only for 30% since that year on." (SUMMARY IN ENG)

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[A health survey in Nord-Trøndelag 1984-86. Participation and comparison of attendants and non-attendants].

A large Health Survey was carried out in 1984-86 in the county of Nord-Trøndelag. All residents 20 years of age and older were invited to attend, and there was no upper age limit. Totally 74,977 persons have attended (88.1%). In the age group 45-64 more than 95% of the women attended. In cooperation with the district nurses we have studied the non-attendants, based on a 10% sample. The main reasons for not attending were: 1) Many were busy. 2) Some were not interested, 3) Some had moved, 4) Some had health problems. As a group, the non-attendants were less healthy than the attendants, but this was the case for only 12% of non-attendants. These 12%, however, were seriously ill. The data from the Nord-Trøndelag Health Survey are probably the most complete screening data from Norway. The data are especially suitable for epidemiologic studies on blood pressure, diabetes, quality of life, and tuberculosis and other lung diseases. However, the study has also supplied data on cardiovascular diseases, lifestyle, disablement, work and working environment. Several projects in these fields are in progress. The article is based on a report published in 1989.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Observations in a Saudi-Arabian dialysis population over a 13-year period.

In contrast to Europe and the USA, data concerning dialysis treatment in Middle Eastern countries like Saudi Arabia are lacking. We therefore studied 325 patients (150 females and 175 males) in one dialysis centre over a 13-year period. The number of primary renal diseases of uncertain aetiology and of pyelo/interstital nephritis caused by renal stone disease was high (46% and 4.9% resp.), that of diabetic nephropathy (14.8%) not much different from EDTA figures, while adult polycystic kidney disease was seen in only four patients (1.2%, versus EDTA: 5.5%). Sixty-one percent needed antihypertensive medication to control the blood pressure, less than reported by the EDTA. Nineteen patients (5.8%) had pericarditis, 38% radiographic signs of renal bone disease and eight patients required parathyroidectomy. Only two patients had carpal tunnel syndrome. Over the 13-year period the number of HBsAg-positive patients was 14%, reflecting the high prevalence of this disease in the country, but in the last 4-5 years the incidence dropped markedly (3% in 1993). In 1993, 40% of the 67 patients on dialysis had hepatitis C (HCV) antibodies of which 19 (70%) were HCV-RNA positive. Although tuberculosis (mainly extra-pulmonary) was common (9.2%), no patient died because of this disease. Cardiovascular factors contributed in the same degree to the causes of death as in Europe: 63% versus 62%. One hundred and fourteen patients (35%) had a successful kidney transplant.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Multiculturalism and cardiovascular diseases].

Immigration has increased drastically to the point of becoming an ordinary structure of our society. Once in Italy, the immigrant's health is compromised rapidly due to a series of conditions and illnesses that exist in our country: lack of work, inadequate salary, inappropriate residence, lacking family support, climate changes, nutritional differences. Cardiovascular illnesses represent 7.6% of the diseases of the immigrants, and cause 36.6% of deaths. The risk factors that affect the genesis of cardiovascular diseases include: subjective factors (age, ethnic group), environmental, nutritional and pathological (arterial hypertension, AIDS, tuberculosis, alcohol). The challenge for our time is to design a new solidarity model to promote cultural and social integration in order to meet the multiethnical and multiracial needs of western society. This model should permit reconsideration of doctor-patient relationship in order to build a real intercultural society.

Cardiovascular Diseases↗
PubMed1980

[State of the microcirculatory bed of the visceral pleura in focal forms of pulmonary tuberculosis].

The microcirculatory bed (MCB) of visceral pleura (19 resected lungs) in focal forms of tuberculosis was studied. MCB changes were of systemic character and were more pronounced in the postcapillary-venular link. The causes of the development of the observed structural-functional changes in MCB include tuberculosis as an inflamation of the immune nature, the possibility of tissue manifestations of therapy pathology, and the influence of stress operation situation. Venulites are first described as a manifestation of immunopathological reaction in focal pulmonary tuberculosis. Irreversible MCB changes in focal forms of tuberculosis, despite the limited pulmonary process and clinical lack of functional changes in the respiratory and cardiovascular system of the patients, are an additional proof in favor of the necessity of early etiotropic therapy and may be used as a prognostic sign in morphological examinations of the operation material.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[The study of pulmonary tuberculosis in the elderly].

A clinical study of 52 patients diagnosed as having pulmonary tuberculosis at National Chiba-Higashi Hospital between 1988 and 1990 was performed. The cases ranged in age from 80-89 years; mean male patient age was 82.5, and mean female patient age was 84.3. Diagnosis of the cases were as follows: 19 discovered when checking into hospital because of chest symptoms; 14 diagnosed during the treatment of other diseases; 14 diagnosed during admission to the hospital for other diseases; and five cases were detected by chest X-rays. A total of 38 cases, had received primary treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis, 11 cases had received secondary treatment, and three cases were receiving treatment for tuberculosis. Upon admission to the hospital after the detection of tuberculosis, 19 cases tested positive to sputum smear examinations, six cases tested positive to culture examinations but negative to smear examinations, and culture examinations were negative in 27 cases. Regarding the chest X-ray findings, using the criterion of roentgenological classification for pulmonary tuberculosis established by the Japanese Society for Tuberculosis, two cases revealed type I, 29 cases revealed type II, and 21 cases revealed type III. Cavitary cases were observed in 60% of the chest X-ray findings. Upon hospital admission, 18 cases were observed to have circulatory diseases, 16 cases had central nervous diseases, 12 cases had digestive diseases and 11 cases had respiratory diseases. Nine cases had malignant neoplasm, five cases had diabetes mellitus and 14 cases had other diseases. A total of 18 cases ended in death; six cases died of pulmonary tuberculosis, and 12 cases died of other diseases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed2002

Prospective study of coroner's autopsies in Benin City, Nigeria.

A prospective study of 726 cases of coroner's autopsies carried out over a period of two years (1st January, 1996 - 31st December, 1997) was reviewed. The causes and circumstances of death are defined and classified into natural and unnatural deaths. Fifty cases (6.3%) were children while the remaining 676 cases (93.1%) were adults in a male to female ratio of 2.6 to 1. The most common indications for coroner's autopsies were sudden unnatural deaths (SUDs) accounting for 485 cases (66.8%) and also sudden unexpected natural deaths (SUNDs) (241 cases) accounting for 33.2%. In the first category, road traffic accidents accounted for 86.7% of cases with deaths involving motor vehicle drivers and their passengers (41.8%); pedestrians (37.1%); and motorcyclists and their passengers (18.6%). The commonest causes of death in all road traffic accidents were craniocerebral injuries and haemorrhagic shock. In the second category the most common causes of sudden unexpected natural death were cardiovascular diseases resulting from complications of hypertension (54.7%) occurring in apparently healthy individuals. Other causes of death were pneumonia, pulmonary tuberculosis, typhoid fever and neoplastic diseases. This study showed that in Nigeria, with an increasing acquisition of dietary and life style habits of the developed western world, there is becoming a concomitant risk of deaths from road traffic accidents and sudden unexpected natural deaths from hypertensive cardiovascular disease.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1978

Cerebral angiitis.

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Arteriosclerosis↗