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At least 919 records · Page 51Linked to original sources
PubMed1970

Sore throat therapy.

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Delayed-Action Preparations↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A simple sore throat? Retropharyngeal emphysema secondary to free-basing cocaine.

A case of retropharyngeal emphysema associated with drug abuse is presented. Although chest symptoms of pneumomediastinum have been widely reported with substance abuse, pain localized to the neck is rarely described. In the present case, localized dysphagia was the only complaint, and no free air could be demonstrated within the thorax. For uncomplicated cervical emphysema or pneumomediastinum due to substance abuse, extensive workup may be unnecessary, and conservative therapy, including administration of 100% oxygen and observation is recommended if resolution is prompt.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Comparison of sevoflurane and halothane anesthesia in children undergoing outpatient ear, nose, and throat surgery.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To compare the induction, maintenance, and recovery characteristics of sevoflurane and halothane in pediatric ambulatory patients undergoing adenoidectomy with or without myringotomies (BMTs). To compare the hemodynamic effects of the two drugs. DESIGN: Open, randomized study. SETTING: University-affiliated pediatric hospital. PATIENTS: 39 ASA physical status I children aged 12 months to 12 years undergoing adenoidectomies with or without BMTs. INTERVENTIONS: Patients were randomized to receive sevoflurane or halothane in 60% nitrous oxide (N2O) for induction and maintenance of anesthesia. All patients received midazolam 0.5 mg/kg orally as premedication, as well as fentanyl 1 mcg/kg intravenously (i.v.) immediately following induction. Tracheal intubation was facilitated with mivacurium 0.2 mg/kg i.v. Anesthesia was maintained with an end-tidal concentration corresponding to 1 minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of each drug until the end of surgery, at which time all anesthetic gases were discontinued simultaneously. Emergence (extubation), recovery (Steward score = 6), and discharge times were compared among patients in both groups. Heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure were compared at predetermined intervals. Additional fentanyl was administered after full recovery was documented for an objective pain score of at least 6. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Emergence from anesthesia was significantly faster (7.11 +/- 3.05 minutes vs. 9.58 +/- 5.12 minutes) and recovery (19.89 +/- 10.07 minutes vs. 31.08 +/- 9.81 minutes) more rapid in the sevoflurane group. However, there was no difference in the time to meet home discharge criteria (184 +/- 49 minutes vs. 189 +/- 48 minutes). HR was consistently maintained at or above baseline in the sevoflurane group. Blood pressure was significantly more depressed after fentanyl administration in the halothane group. There were no significant differences in the incidence of postoperative vomiting between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Sevoflurane provides a faster anesthetic emergence and recovery than halothane in premedicated patients but it does not expedite meeting current home discharge criteria.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tuberculosis in ear, nose, and throat practice: its presentation and diagnosis.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to increase awareness of the different presentations of head and neck tuberculosis (TB) and to discuss its diagnostic difficulties. MATERIALS AND METHOD: A retrospective analysis of patients who presented to us, at a secondary referral hospital, primarily with TB of head and neck was done from January 1999 to July 2003. RESULTS: A total of 117 patients presented with primary head and neck TB during the study period. Most of these (95%) had cervical lymphadenopathy, 2 patients had laryngeal TB, and there was 1 patient each of TB of cervical spine, oropharynx, ear, and retropharyngeal abscess. Forty-one were males, and 76 were females. Thirty percent of cases had associated lung or other organ TB. Nine percent gave history of previous or subsequent TB. CONCLUSIONS: 1) Diagnosing TB requires a high index of suspicion. 2) Tuberculosis of the cervical lymph nodes is the commonest presentation followed by laryngeal TB. 3) Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a reliable and easy way to diagnose TB. However, newer diagnostic tests will increase the yield of positive cases and should be used whenever required. 4) In the larynx, the vocal cords were the commonest site affected and laryngeal TB need not be associated with lung TB or positive sputum always. 5) Patients who have TB of head and neck must be investigated to exclude pulmonary or systemic TB. 6) In cases of previous or subsequent TB infection, culture and drug sensitivity is indicated to reduce the problem of multiple drug resistance.

Adolescent↗