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At least 919 records · Page 51Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Improving the cost, quality, and access to healthcare in community hospitals through the use of reorganized integrated delivery systems and implementation of sophisticated clinical information systems: an organizational experience.

It is well recognized that health care is undergoing fundamental and necessary change. These changes rival, if not exceed, changes that have occurred in other industries. The factors underlying the changes are varied, but fundamentally, the economics of health care have altered. A new economic model is evolving that is disciplined by the marketplace and/or regulatory determination of "price" on a per capita basis. Success in this new model will require integrated delivery systems (IDS) serving local communities linked to purchasers through affiliations that span broader geographic areas. The demands of this model are placing unparalleled requirements for change on health care providers including the need to develop new forms of delivery systems and implement sophisticated new information systems that allow collection and detailed analysis of important clinical and financial data in an effort to achieve better value in health care. A case study of the Health and Hospital Services, Inc. (HHS) integrated delivery system and information system strategy will be discussed.

Community Health Planning↗
PubMed2001

Integrating-sphere system and method for absolute measurement of transmittance, reflectance, and absorptance of specular samples.

An integrating-sphere system has been designed and constructed for multiple optical properties measurement in the IR spectral range. In particular, for specular samples, the absolute transmittance and reflectance can be measured directly with high accuracy and the absorptance can be obtained from these by simple calculation. These properties are measured with a Fourier transform spectrophotometer for several samples of both opaque and transmitting materials. The expanded uncertainties of the measurements are shown to be less than 0.003 (absolute) over most of the detector-limited working spectral range of 2 to 18 microm. The sphere is manipulated by means of two rotation stages that enable the ports on the sphere to be rearranged in any orientation relative to the input beam. Although the sphere system is used for infrared spectral measurements, the measurement method, design principles, and features are generally applicable to other wavelengths as well.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1976

An integrated cardiorespiratory pathology information system.

An integrated computer system which is in its initial year of implementation has been developed to handle pathological data of cardiorespiratory organs. On the single entry of data captured at the source, the interactive computer system generates reports for administrative requirements by law, updates a data base of cardiorespiratory histopathological data for research purposes and facilitates inquiry for periodical management reports. The system is based on multiple-source documents which have numerically precoded choice option statements as well as free text provision for those statements where precoded options are not provided. The computer system has replaced manual system procedures most effectively in terms of cost.

Cardiovascular System↗
PubMed1995

Integration architecture: the ISAR project.

ISAR (Integration System Architecture) will integrate six AIM Projects on the HIS platform at the University Hospital (CHRU) of LILLE. These Projects were elicited from six European consortiums that provided prototypes or pre-competitive products. These consortia are: ESTEEM (storage and analysis of electromyograms), EURIPACS (picture archiving and communication system), MENELAS (analysis of the natural language for medical applications), OEDIPE (storage and serial analysis of electrocardiograms), OPADE (help with drug prescription), and TANIT (mobile system for anaesthesia). When introducing an information system to a medical department and running it, two issues arise. First, how can the Information system be anchored to the Clinical processes in order to support them in an effective and efficient way, and, second, how can the Information system adapt to the changes in the Clinical processes?

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed2003

Integrative transformation system for the metabolic engineering of the sphingoid base-producing yeast Pichia ciferrii.

We have developed an integrative transformation system for metabolic engineering of the tetraacetyl phytosphingosine (TAPS)-secreting yeast Pichia ciferrii. The system uses (i) a mutagenized ribosomal protein L41 gene of P. ciferrii as a dominant selection marker that confer resistance to the antibiotic cycloheximide and (ii) a ribosomal DNA (rDNA) fragment of P. ciferrii as a target for multicopy gene integration into the chromosome. A locus within the nontranscribed region located between 5S and 26S rDNAs was selected as the integration site. A maximum frequency of integrative transformation of approximately 1,350 transformants/ microg of DNA was observed. To improve the de novo synthesis of sphingolipid, the LCB2 gene, encoding a subunit of serine palmitoyltransferase, which catalyzes the first committed step of sphingolipid synthesis, was cloned from P. ciferrii and overexpressed under the control of the P. ciferrii glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase promoter. After transformation of an LCB2 gene expression cassette, several transformants that contained approximately five to seven copies of transforming DNA in the chromosome and exhibited about 50-fold increase in LCB2 mRNA relative to the wild type were identified. These transformants were observed to produce approximately two times more TAPS than the wild type.

Acyltransferases↗
PubMed1995

Collaborative focus. A system and its affiliates create their vision for healthy communities.

To help the system respond to changes in healthcare, managers of Hobart, IN-based Ancilla Systems, sponsored by the Poor Handmaids of Jesus Christ, formed the System Integration Team in 1993. Using the seven steps of the Quality Improvement Story, the team agreed on the reason for improvement: "Ancilla Systems is currently not positioned to provide the healthier communities that we envision in the twenty-first century." The team also noted, "Roles, responsibilities, and authority levels are not being effected in a coordinated manner." In August 1993, the team asked that each of its six affiliates develop its own vision statement by year's end. In a September meeting the System Integration Team defined the impediments to achieving a shared vision. The team designed countermeasures to address these impediments: (1) Communicate throughout all levels of the system to clarify roles, responsibilities, and authority levels; (2) Continue educating trustees and managers on healthcare trends, costs, and quality and on Ancilla's response to the changing environment; (3) Refrain from reviewing any governance structural changes until a system vision is finalized. In February 1994 the System Integration Team recommended a vision statement to the Ancilla Systems board of directors. The system vision, as well as affiliate visions, will serve as a basis for structure and role changes that are-and continue to be-necessary.

Catholicism↗
PubMed2004

A novel oral hygiene system through integration of a sonic toothbrush and liquid toothpaste.

A novel system for home oral hygiene, the IntelliClean System from Sonicare and Crest is an integrated sonic toothbrush and liquid-toothpaste dispensing system. New research has established the ability of this system to reduce plaque, especially in interproximal regions, and to reduce gingivitis. The unique capability for the user to reapply liquid toothpaste during brushing (ie, re-dose) allows for a greater reduction in bacteria in the sulcus and an enhanced in-use experience that leads to improved compliance with brushing instruction, specifically longer brushing times. Through in vitro and in vivo studies, the system and its constituents have been shown to be safe for daily use.

Dental Devices, Home Care↗
PubMed1983

Implementation of the Integrated Library System: University of Maryland Health Sciences Library.

The Health Sciences Library, University of Maryland, has implemented the Integrated Library System (ILS), a minicomputer-based library automation system developed by the Lister Hill National Center for Biomedical Communications, National Library of Medicine. The process of moving a library from a manual to a computerized system required comprehensive planning and strong commitment by the staff. Implementation activities included hardware and software modification, conversion of manual files, staff training, and system publicity. ILS implementation resulted in major changes in procedures in the circulation, reference, and cataloging departments.

Computers↗
PubMed2002

The 'cube' meta-model for the information system of large health sector organizations--a (platform neutral) mapping tool to integrate information system development with changing business functions and organizational development.

To develop information systems (IS) in the changing environment of the health sector, a simple but throughout model, avoiding the techno-jargon of informatics, might be useful for the top management. A platform neutral, extensible, transparent conceptual model should be established. Limitations of current methods lead to a simple, but comprehensive mapping, in the form of a three-dimensional cube. The three 'orthogonal' views are (a) organization functionality, (b) organizational structures and (c) information technology. Each of the cube-sides is described according to its nature. This approach enables to define any kind of an IS component as a certain point/layer/domain of the cube and enables also the management to label all IS components independently form any supplier(s) and/or any specific platform. The model handles changes in organization structure, business functionality and the serving info-system independently form each other. Practical application extends to (a) planning complex, new ISs, (b) guiding development of multi-vendor, multi-site ISs, (c) supporting large-scale public procurement procedures and the contracting, implementation phase by establishing a platform neutral reference, (d) keeping an exhaustive inventory of an existing large-scale system, that handles non-tangible aspects of the IS.

Health Care Sector↗
PubMed1994

Development of an on-line mastitis detection system within an integrated knowledge-based system for dairy farm management support.

Some aspects of automated clinical mastitis detection and diagnosis are discussed. Knowledge representation techniques for the different steps in the diagnostic process are presented. The main focus of this paper is on automated early detection, based on data that are automatically collected in the milking parlour. Principal component analysis, logistic regression and back-propagation neural networks were used in the analysis of the automatically collected data. The 3 techniques did not differ greatly in performance. All the techniques performed better when data from milking with observed clinical signs were used, compared with data from milking before clinical symptoms were noticed. Healthy quarters were mostly correctly classified by all techniques. It seems unlikely that all clinical mastitis cases can be detected at milking before visible clinical signs occur.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The integrated delivery system: opportunities for leadership.

The re-engineering of health care by both government and private sector efforts is dramatically changing the appearance and function of medicine. Health providers are seeking partners, stimulated by the goals of managed care organizations (MCOs) to control cost and to increase market share through regionalization of their products. Ventures between even the most unlikely of providers are developing to gain potential savings by greater economies of scale, extending services and increased regional coverage. Because of the complex nature of this process, laboratory management faces a variety of developing models under which they must operate. Pathologists face the same change. The basic elements of pathology practice change associated with integration are similar to those for hospitals (1). Integration brings with it the opportunity for cost reduction, increased market share, standardization of methods and reports, broadened services, combined infrastructure, and a contracting advantage (2). The following is a discussion of integrated delivery systems and the impact on the laboratory operation.

Community Networks↗
PubMed1998

A model for achieving total quality-management information technology infrastructure within an integrated delivery system.

The strategic development and deployment of a health management information technology infrastructure is discussed from two perspectives for radiologists and for other medical technologists: the integrated delivery system (IDS) perspective and a total quality-management (TQM) perspective. On the one hand, an IDS perspective is important because of the need to prepare radiologists and other medical practitioners to thrive within rapidly changing health organizational models and evolving health service delivery partnership systems. On the other, a TQM perspective is important due to the need to realize an appropriate, efficient, and cost-effective health information infrastructure for developing seamless, integrated radiological and other medical imaging services. Apart from intelligently pursuing an aligned organizational business strategy with the organizational information system strategy, senior radiological managers and medical technologists of health organizations need to pay particular attention to key quality principles for effecting changes in organizational structures and processes to fit changes in information technological requirements, implementations, and innovations.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1999

A database system for integrated clinical trial management, control, statistical analysis and ICH-compliant reporting.

Clinical trial management and quality assurance is a complex activity that, when manually executed, is prone to errors and delays, and organizations involved in the conduct of clinical drug trials must rely on database systems to ensure adequate data integrity and timely reporting. We report the design and implementation of an integrated computer system for the management and control of multiple phase II to IV clinical drug trials, and for automated generation of monitoring and statistical analysis reports that are fully compliant with international guidelines. This Windows-based system incorporates a number of third-party software tools and applications, and its major components are COATI (Control, Assessment and Tracking of Therapeutic Investigations), a client-server database application; DART (Data Analysis and Reporting Tool) for automated data abstraction and reporting; and PANDA (Data Analysis Package) for automated statistical analysis. The system is in production for two years and was used in 15 clinical trials in a diversity of medical conditions and study designs.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗