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At least 919 records · Page 51Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Familial flexion-supination deformity at the PIP joint of the finger.

The case of a 36-year-old female typist with familial bilateral flexion-supination deformity at the PIP joint of the long fingers is presented. This deformity was ascribed to hypoplasia of the radial lateral band and retaining structures of the long extensor tendon. The deformity was corrected by bridging the second dorsal interosseous muscle and the radial extensor lateral band with a free tendon graft and the reconstruction of retaining ligaments.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Cardiac dynamics during supine exercise in cyclosporine-treated orthotopic heart transplant recipients: assessment by radionuclide angiography.

The mechanisms by which the denervated heart responds to supine exercise were assessed by equilibrium gated radionuclide angiography in 18 cardiac transplant recipients 1 to 25 months (mean 11) after surgery. Results were compared with those in 15 normal subjects. Exercise duration among transplant recipients did not differ significantly from that in normal subjects. The heart rate at rest in transplant patients was 30% higher than in normal volunteers. Heart rate increased only 3% between rest and the first stage of exercise in transplant recipients compared with a 37% increase in the normal group (p less than 0.001). Cardiac output at rest was similar in both groups although the rate of rise of cardiac output and peak cardiac output were significantly lower among the transplant recipients. In early exercise, the means by which cardiac output increased in the transplant patients differed significantly from normal. In the transplant recipients, the left ventricular end-diastolic volume index increased 14% compared with a decrease of 2% in normal subjects (p less than 0.001) during the first stage of exercise. At the same time, the end-systolic volume index increased 6% in the transplant group but decreased 11% in normal subjects (p less than 0.001). These changes resulted in an overall increase in stroke volume by 20% in the transplant group compared with only a slight increase (+3%) in normal subjects (p less than 0.001) during the first stage of exercise. Among transplant recipients, the stroke volume index plateaued after the first stage of exercise, which, in combination with the blunted chronotropic response, resulted in a peak cardiac index 25% lower than that in normal subjects (p less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Measurement of cardiac output and exercise factor by pulsed Doppler echocardiography during supine bicycle ergometry in normal young adolescent boys.

The purposes of this study were to determine the ability of pulsed Doppler echocardiography to consistently and accurately measure cardiac output during exercise, and to measure the exercise factor by Doppler methodology when oxygen consumption was simultaneously measured. Thirty-four healthy young adolescent male volunteers (mean age 13 years) were recruited. Submaximal exercise was performed by supine bicycle ergometry. Cardiac output was calculated as mean velocity X cross-sectional area. Successful rest and exercise determinations of cardiac output were obtained in 81% (n = 52) of the studies. Mean cardiac output increased from 4.6 to 8.9 liters/min (p less than 0.001) during exercise and mean oxygen consumption increased from 212 to 899 ml/min (p less than 0.001). Doppler-estimated rest and exercise cardiac outputs correlated well with simultaneously measured oxygen consumption (r = 0.89, SEE = 1.2 liters/min; y = 0.006 X 3.2 liters/min). Mean exercise factor was 6.4 (1.2 SD). Twenty-six pairs of rest and exercise cardiac output determinations by Doppler technique and indirect Fick method were simultaneously compared in a subset population (r = 0.86, SEE = 1.4 liters/min; slope = 0.93, y intercept = 1.4 liters/min). Results of this study demonstrate that cardiac output and exercise factor can be estimated by pulsed Doppler echocardiography during exercise.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Left ventricular volume during supine exercise: importance of myocardial scar in patients with coronary heart disease.

Existing studies suggest that exercise-induced ischemia produces an increase in left ventricular end-diastolic volume; however, all of these studies have included patients with previous myocardial infarction. To test whether the end-diastolic volume response to exercise is related to the extent of myocardial scar, the results of gated radionuclide supine exercise tests performed on 130 subjects were reviewed. The patient group comprised 130 subjects were reviewed. The patient group comprised 130 men aged 35 to 65 years (mean +/- SD 52 +/- 5) with documented coronary heart disease. The extent of myocardial ischemia and scar formation was assessed by stress electrocardiography and thallium-201 scintigraphy. Patients were classified into three groups on the basis of left ventricular end-diastolic volume response at peak exercise: group 1 (n = 72) had an increase of end-diastolic volume greater than 10%, group 2 (n = 41) had a change in end-diastolic volume less than 10% and group 3 (n = 17) had a decrease in end-diastolic volume greater than 10% (n = 17). At rest there was no significant difference among groups in heart rate, systolic blood pressure, end-diastolic (EDVrest) or end-systolic volumes or ejection fraction (p greater than 0.05); however, at peak exercise the end-systolic volume response was significantly greater for group 1 (p less than 0.002).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Abnormal catheter mobility in a totally implantable venous access depending on the upright or supine position in an obese patient].

The authors advise on an exceptional complication in a totally implantable venous access and give recommendations on how to avoid this problem. In an obese person, one week after the implantation of a totally implantable venous access, a chest X-ray showed that the catheter was too short. In the operative room, at the time of the second intervention, the radioscopy did not find this anomaly. The subcutaneous injection port was positioned too low. When the patient was in a supine position, the subcutaneous injection port was in the correct position but when she was in an upright position, the breast descended and pulled down the subcutaneous injection port and the catheter.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1996

[Transmission of pronation-supination movements in the wrist].

The wrist plays an essential in role the transmission of pronosupination movements. The four main muscles responsible for these movements are situated above the radiocarpal joint. This anatomic configuration allows a passive movement: Radio Metacarpal Rotation or RMR which is analysed here. Radio Metacarpal Rotation varies according to grip and the couple which is applied distally. An apparatus has been designed to simultaneously measure the angle, the force of grip and the couple. Radio Metacarpal Rotation is firstly measured with the wrist relaxed (grip strength < 5 N) and a distally applied rotation couple of 0.2 N.m in the supination direction and 0.5 N.m in the pronation direction. Secondly, the patient is asked to maintain a grip strength between 80 N and 100 N, and a couple of 1 N.m is applied distally in each direction. One hundred wrists were evaluated. We have looked for the rotation centers of active pronosupination and Radio Metacarpal Rotation. A three dimensional motion analysis device was used (ELITE system). Thirty normal wrists were evaluated. An anatomic study of the radiocarpal ligaments stretched by Radio Metacarpal Rotation was carried out on ten cadaver wrists. When the wrist is relaxed: there is an average Radio Metacarpal Rotation of 42 degrees. This Radio Metacarpal Rotation is reduced when grip is tightened. We have defined a locking test based on these two parameters. This clinical test is represented by two curves on a graph. The active pronosupination center and the radio metacarpal center do not coincide. The center of active pronosupination is situated near the center of the ulnar head and the center of radio-metacarpal rotation is always more lateral. On the anatomical preparations, we found a helicoidal configuration of the radiocarpal ligaments: a ligamentous double helix pronosupination. Radio Metacarpal Rotation interferes with transmission of pronosupination movements. When the wrist is not well locked there is a large lateral sweeping between radius and scaphoid. This sliding at the level of the cartilage can head to development of osteoarthritis of the wrist with a horizontal scaphoid and the good cartilage results after proximal row carpectomy. Radio Metacarpal Rotation must be taken into account when a prothesis designing. We propose a wrist locking test. The results of this test are directly related to the capacity of the joint surfaces to transmit pronosupination movements. Radio Metacarpal Rotation shows the importance of the horizontal plane in the wrist and its essential role in the transmission of pronosupination movements.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Supine bicycle stress echocardiography: peak exercise imaging is superior to postexercise imaging.

The abilities of peak exercise (PEAK) stress echocardiography versus postexercise (POST) stress echocardiography to detect coronary artery disease were evaluated in 136 consecutive patients undergoing supine bicycle stress echocardiography and coronary arteriography: 42 (31%) had normal coronary vessels, 38 (28%) had single-vessel disease, 34 (25%) had double-vessel disease, and 22 (16%) had triple-vessel disease. The results were as follows: (1) For detection of disease in the group of patients, sensitivity of PEAK versus POST was 94% versus 83% (p < 0.01) and specificity was 88% versus 90%. (2) For detection of disease in specific vessels, sensitivity of PEAK versus POST was 90% versus 72% (p < 0.0001) and specificity was 89% versus 92%. (3) For evaluation of the three major coronary arteries, sensitivity of PEAK versus POST was 96% versus 85% (p < 0.05) for the left anterior descending artery, 90% versus 65% (p < 0.01) for the right coronary artery, and 79% versus 60% (p < 0.05) for the left circumflex coronary artery. There were no differences in specificity. (4) The percent diameter stenosis of vessels normalizing from PEAK to POST versus vessels abnormal at PEAK and POST was 80.6% +/- 16% versus 85.9% +/- 14%, p = 0.07. There were no differences in exercise parameters between patients with and without resolution from PEAK to POST. (5) PEAK versus POST accuracy for identification of patients with multivessel disease was 93% versus 68% (p < 0.001). We conclude that stress echocardiography performed during peak exercise is superior to postexercise stress echocardiography.

Coronary Angiography↗
PubMed2002

Reliability of isokinetic supine bench press in healthy women using the Ariel Computerized Exercise System.

The aim of this study was to assess reliability of the Ariel Computerized Exercise System (ACES) "multifunction exerciser". Twenty-three healthy women completed three sets, three repetitions each, of maximal isokinetic supine bench press at two different velocities, slow (10/s) and moderate (25/s). The following performance parameters were studied: peak and average force, peak and average power, and total work. The experiment was repeated for two days. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC[2,1]) varied between 0.947 and 0.755 at 10 degrees/s and between 0.861 and 0.654 at 25 degrees/s. The standard error of the measurement (SEM), the smallest detectable difference (SDD), and the coefficient of variation (CV) indicated that it is possible to achieve reliable and clinically relevant measurements with the ACES.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

A comparison of the acute haemodynamic effects of propranolol and pindolol at rest and during supine exercise in man.

1. Dose-response curves for heart rate, cardiac output, arterial blood pressure and pulmonary artery pressure were obtained in 16 male patients after intravenous administration of three increasing doses of pindolol, propranolol or placebo. All patients had an uncomplicated acute myocardial infarction 6-8 months earlier. 2. The dose-response curves were obtained at rest and during repeated bouts of supine bicycle exercise. The cumulative dose amounted to 0.024 mg/kg body weight for pindolol and to 0.192 mg/kg body weight for propranolol. 3. At rest propranolol significantly reduced heart rate and cardiac output by 12% and 15% respectively. Arterial mean blood pressure was reduced by 9.2 mmHg. Mean pulmonary artery pressure increased significantly by 2 mmHg. Statistically significant changes in these variables were not seen after pindolol or placebo. 4. During exercise pindolol and propranolol both reduced cardiac output, heart rate and arterial blood pressure to the same extent. After propranolol mean pulmonary artery pressure was increased significantly by 3.6 mmHg. Pindolol and placebo did not change pulmonary artery pressure significantly. 5. The study suggests that pindolol may offer haemodynamic advantages over beta-receptor-blocking agents without intrinsic sympathomimetic activity during low activity of the sympathetic nervous system, and may be preferable in situations where the beta-receptor-blocking effect is required only during physical or psychic stress.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[The supinator fat pad in fractures of the elbow joint].

The position of the supinator fat pad is regarded as a valuable sign in fractures of the elbow. In our patients the pad was visible in 277 out of 337 cases (82%). The sign was positive in only 27 out of 55 proximal fractures of the radius (sensitivity 0.49). There was no correlation between the severity of the fracture and the sign. There was marked variation in the distance between the pad and the radius, depending on age, build and projection. Our results indicate that the sign is not suitable for the diagnosis of fracture of the elbow.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1985

Effect of long-term oral nifedipine therapy on left ventricular regional wall function at rest and during supine bicycle exercise.

15 patients, 1 to 3 year after coronary bypass surgery, underwent symptom limited supine bicycle exercise tests without nifedipine and after acute and chronic (3 months) administration of the drug. Haemodynamic variables were monitored as was epicardial marker motion, using biplane cineradiography during exercise, the markers having been implanted at the time of surgery. We found significant (P less than 0.001) reductions in end-diastolic and end-systolic regional dimensions at maximal exercise after oral nifedipine, associated with a significant reduction in exertional angina, which persisted during long-term treatment. No adverse effects of the drug were observed.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1988

Age differences in movement patterns used by children to rise from a supine position to erect stance.

From the time upright locomotor ability is acquired until the end of the human life span, standing up from the floor is a skill important to a person's physical independence. This study was designed 1) to determine whether within the rising task the movement patterns of different regions of the body vary with age and 2) to describe movements used by children to perform this task. One hundred twenty children, ages 4 through 7 years, were filmed while rising from a supine position. Movement patterns were classified using categorical descriptions of the action of three body regions: the upper extremities, lower extremities, and axial region. The incidence of each movement pattern was calculated and graphed with respect to age. Age differences were found in the incidence of movement patterns of each body region. A trend toward increased symmetry of movement with increasing age was noted. The oldest subjects, however, did not commonly use symmetric form in rising. Developmental change in movement patterns used in the rising task likely continues beyond early childhood.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1987

Venoconstrictor agents mobilize blood from different sources and increase intrathoracic filling during epidural anesthesia in supine humans.

The authors studied the effects of dihydroergotamine (DHE) and etilefrine hydrochloride (E) on the regional distribution of 99mTc-marked erythrocytes during epidural anesthesia in eight supine men to determine if vasoactive agents with venoconstrictor action would enhance cardiac filling during epidural anesthesia. Radioactivity was recorded with a gamma camera, and its distribution determined in the thorax, abdomen, and limbs. Arterial and central venous pressure, heart rate, and calf volume by plethysmography were measured. During epidural anesthesia with a sensory block up to T4/5, DHE (7.5 micrograms/kg) reduced the radioactivity, i.e., blood volume, in both the innervated (-5.9 +/- 3.5%) and denervated muscle/skin (-16.9 +/- 7%) regions, and increased it in both the intrathoracic (+7.0 +/- 2.3%), and splanchnic vasculature (+4.2 +/- 3.2). In contrast, E (6 micrograms X kg-1 X min-1) decreased the blood volume most markedly in the splanchnic region (-5.4 +/- 0.7%) and increased it in the thorax (+2 +/- 0.6%). All these changes were statistically significant. The combined effects were estimated to be equivalent to a transfusion of nearly 1.01 of blood. Both drugs reversed the hypotensive action of epidural anesthesia. During epidural anesthesia, DHE preferentially constricted the capacitance vessels in skeletal muscle and skin irrespective of the state of innervation, whereas E preferentially constricted the splanchnic vasculature. In the doses used, the two agents replenished in an additive fashion the central circulation during epidural anesthesia.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

The sitting, oblique, and supine marking technique for reduction mammaplasty and mastopexy.

BACKGROUND: Reduction mammaplasty is one of the most common procedures in plastic surgery. It presents both artistic and technical challenges. Breast reduction surgery aims to reduce the vertical and horizontal planes, shape the parenchyma, reposition the nipple-areola complex, and resect redundant skin. The surgery on paired organs has the added challenge of symmetry. Much of the outcome of our work as plastic surgeons is determined by preoperative planning and designing. METHODS: A number of techniques have been described for the preoperative marking of breast reduction, with particular reference to the precision of the angle between the two vertical limbs. Few, if any, of the previous techniques have gained total popularity or acceptance by plastic surgeons. RESULTS: The freehand marking technique is probably the most widely used technique. Devices such as templates, shaped wires, and goniometers, and geometric techniques, have also been recommended. Some of these devices have stood the test of time; others have been modified or abandoned. CONCLUSIONS: The authors propose a new preoperative marking technique dependent on the natural breast fall. The patient is marked in three positions: sitting, oblique, and supine. This technique has been adopted for the past 10 years.

Breast↗
PubMed1982

Roentgen stereophotogrammetric analysis of growth pattern after supination-adduction ankle injuries in children.

In a prospective study of supination-adduction (SA) ankle fractures in children, the post-traumatic growth pattern was registered with a roentgen stereophotogrammetric technique allowing exact determination of the growth rate within 3 months after fracture. It was possible to predict future growth pattern within 6 months. The SA injuries (10 cases) were divided into two stages according to Gerner-Smidt. One Stage I injury (physeal separation through the distal fibula) showed a growth stimulation. Nine Stage II injuries (including a fracture through the medial malleolus) showed four types of growth pattern besides symmetrical growth. The Salter-Harris classification alone showed no obvious correlation to the post-traumatic growth pattern, whereas factors such as age at injury, stage of injury, displacement, and treatment in combination with the Salter-Harris classification contributed to a better prediction of risk of deformity. It was found that displaced Stage II injuries in the younger child had the highest risk of developing a clinically significant varus deformity. Early determination of the post-traumatic growth pattern is of crucial importance in SA injuries with a high risk of growth deformities. Operative treatment in order to restore normal growth can be performed before a severe deformity has developed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Reproducibility and consistency of the responses to supine bicycle ergometry; evaluation in conjunction with beta 1-adrenoceptor occupancies.

A protocol is presented for supine bicycle ergometry in healthy subjects, which aims for a target increase of heart rate (HR = 140 beats min-1) after 4 min cycling under constant load. The required load is selected from a pre-study ergometry with stepwise increasing load. Repeated testing with this protocol was shown to yield highly reproducible ergometric HR-responses. Because of their high reliability, the ergometric endpoints and increments permit a highly sensitive comparison of beta 1-adrenoceptor antagonism across dose and time within a given compound. The relationship between the changes of the ergometric rise of HR and the beta 1-adrenoceptor occupancy (estimated from radioreceptor assay data) permits to evaluate the ergometric efficiency of different beta-adrenoceptor antagonists across time and doses and to identify eventual differences that do not relate primarily to the extent of beta 1-adrenoceptor antagonism itself.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Effects of fentanyl on respiratory pressure-volume relationship in supine anesthetized children.

The effects of fentanyl on total respiratory pressure-volume relationship were studied in 12 supine, anesthetized (thiopental, succinylcholine, halothane, N2O/O2) children, 5, 10 and 15 min after administration of fentanyl, 3 micrograms/kg (Group F) and at similar intervals in 11 control, anesthetized children who did not receive fentanyl (Group C). Lung and chest wall pressure-volume relationships were measured in five children from Group F and in six from Group C. Compliance values were estimated from the linear part of PVR curves. In Group F, a significant decrease was observed at 5, 10 and 15 min (maximum 29%) for total compliance and at 15 min (maximum 26%) for lung compliance. Chest wall compliance was reduced (maximum 45%) at 15 min, but not significantly. In Group C, no change in compliances was noted. The comparison between the two groups for total, chest wall and lung compliances showed a significant decrease in these three parameters at 15 min in children receiving fentanyl. The decrease of chest wall compliance can be explained by increased muscle tone, but the mechanism of decreased lung compliance awaits further study.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Supine hypertension, blood pressure variability and circadian rhythm in autonomic failure: the role of ambulatory intra-arterial monitoring.

Blood pressure variation over 24 h was studied in twelve subjects with suspected or established autonomic failure using ambulatory intra-arterial monitoring. Three subjects who had been previously diagnosed as having orthostatic hypotension due to autonomic failure were found to have normal circulatory reflexes. A generally consistent circadian variation of blood pressure was seen in the other nine subjects, pressure rising gradually from its lowest point early in the morning to a peak during the early part of the night; this pattern was also found during bed rest in four subjects. Supine hypertension (an hourly mean blood pressure of greater than 170/90 mmHg) not suspected from sphygmomanometric readings was observed in four subjects, generally during the night. Heart rate variability was reduced in six subjects while short-term blood pressure variability was markedly increased.

Autonomic Nervous System Diseases↗