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PubMed2004

[The relationship between teenage pregnancy and school desertion].

BACKGROUND: In Chile, the prevalence of teenage pregnancy is 17%. AIM: To assess relationship between adolescent pregnancy and school desertion. PATIENTS AND METHODS: At the Hospital Guillermo Grant Benavente's Departament of Obstetrics and Gynecology, in Concepción, Chile, 2001 a comparative, cross sectional and correlational study was conducted. The study group were pregnant adolescents who deserted from school system, divided in two subgroups: 86 adolescents who deserted before pregnancy and 130 who deserted during pregnancy. RESULTS: Twenty percent of teenagers that deserted from school before pregnancy belonged to a sublevel of poverty, compared with 5% of those who deserted during pregnancy. Flunk was frequent in both but higher in girls that deserted before pregnancy (46.5 and 36.9% respectively, (p<0.001)). Economic problems were the main cause of desertion before pregnancy (27.6%). Shame (41.6%) and obstetric complications (31.7%) were the main reasons for deserting during pregnancy. Seventy percent of adolescents who deserted before pregnancy had no educational, working or recreational activities. The parental educational level of both groups was low. CONCLUSIONS: There is a relationship between teenage pregnancy and school desertion. Adolescents who deserted from school before pregnancy are more vulnerable.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prospective analysis of stage-of-exercise movement following mail-delivered, self-instructional exercise packets.

This study investigated the efficacy of mail-delivered, self-instructional exercise packets designed to motivate, encourage, and support women's movement through the stages of exercise. The study took place within the subjects' natural work environment and involved no formal exercise classes or programs. Besides mailing each subject her individualized packet, no contact occurred between the researchers and study participants except for data collection at 1 month and 7 months after baseline. For the sample as a whole, a significant time effect was found; yet no significant within-group or between-group differences were observed. However, a general pattern that favored the LEP group over both the SEP and FFP groups was identified and, interestingly, the FFP over the SEP. For example, study adherence rates were 81.1%, 71.1%, 63.2% for the LEP, FFP, and SEP groups, respectively. Although speculative, it is tenable that subjects from the LEP group had better adherence to the study because they were more satisfied with their intervention than subjects from the other two groups. Also in favor of the LEP and FFP groups was the percentage of participants who improved their stage-of-exercise status from baseline to 1 month (i.e., 45.8%, 42.1%, and 27.8%, respectively, for the LEP, FFP, and SEP groups [precontemplation through action stages only]). Similar results were seen from baseline through 7 months (i.e., 58.3%, 57.9%, and 55.5%, respectively, for the LEP, FFP, and SEP groups [precontemplation through action stages only]). Independent of group, subjects in the earlier stages of exercise at baseline responded favorably to the intervention; 90% of precontemplators and contemplators combined improved their stage-of-exercise status.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Who should fail?

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Australia↗
PubMed1997

Nurse education: attrition rates in the UK.

Student attrition is not a new phenomenon, and for many years governments have examined ways to avoid losing nurses from the profession. This article examines the problem from a historical perspective, seeks out examples of good practice and discusses their relevance to the present situation.

Education, Nursing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

What a waste.

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Career Choice↗
PubMed1999

[Effects of admission qualifications on medical education].

We investigated the relationship between admission qualifications and the course and result of university medical education. In the period 1981-1983 685 medical students started at Aarhus University, and 501 (73%) obtained a medical degree within 13 years. The completion rate was heavily influenced by the type of admission qualifications. Students with a science background did best (79%), languages background somewhat worse (62%) whereas the completion rate was 44% for students with a Higher Preparatory Examination. After stratifying for type and grades obtained at admission qualification, gender did not influence the outcome. A positive correlation was found between grade at the admission qualification and the completion rate, but when the grades were above average (8.0) this correlation was weak and insignificant. A delay of more than two years from the admission exam to admission was associated with a significantly increased drop-out rate.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Recruitment in the 1990s--the case of radiographers.

During the 1990s it will be increasingly difficult to recruit from school leavers enough radiographers and other professions allied to medicine. Various strategies have been suggested for meeting the difficulty. Rosemary Klem examines these from an economic perspective and looks at the implications for managers.

Career Choice↗
PubMed1991

Volunteerism by students at risk.

This program has made it possible for students to experience some important firsts: the first report card they are proud to share, the first award they receive at an honors assembly. Students have gained a new awareness of the elderly: "I never used to look up to them," one student said. "Now I really understand that they are history. I will have more respect for the elderly, because I will want respect when I am older."

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Themes in student attrition.

OBJECTIVE: To characterize similarities and differences in attrition in clinical laboratory science and clinical laboratory technician education programs by identifying general themes, specific academic and nonacademic reasons, and other relevant data. DESIGN: Mailed, written survey. PARTICIPANTS: Program directors of 208 clinical laboratory science and clinical laboratory technician educational programs. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Responses to a 36-item forced-choice survey eliciting information about program attrition and the importance of reasons for student attrition. DATA SOURCES: Clinical laboratory science and clinical laboratory technician program directors across the United States. RESULTS: Students were found to withdraw from educational programs for both voluntary and nonvoluntary reasons in approximately equal numbers. Academic underpreparedness was a predominant general theme underlying student attrition in both levels of programs. The importance of certain specific reasons cited for student attrition differed significantly by program level. CONCLUSION: To be effective, it may be necessary to design retention programs that address academic concerns, as well as nonacademic concerns, of students. The level of educational program (clinical laboratory technician or clinical laboratory scientist) should be considered, because reasons for attrition vary in degree of importance. ABBREVIATIONS: CLT = clinical laboratory technician; CLS = clinical laboratory scientist; CAHEA = Committee on Allied Health Education and Accreditation. INDEX TERMS: Clinical laboratory technician students; clinical laboratory science students; education; attrition; retention.

Clinical Laboratory Techniques↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Attrition in a clinical laboratory technician associate degree program.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the reasons for attrition in a clinical laboratory technician-associate degree program, a retrospective study was done on classes entering from 1987 to 1992. Suggestions are made to increase retention. SETTING: The medical laboratory department at the Community College of Philadelphia in Pennsylvania. PRACTICE DESCRIPTION: There were 43,987 students enrolled for the 1993 to 1994 academic year; 17,846 full time equivalents at the college. Clinical laboratory technician students averaged 26.2 years and were 26% male and 74% female, which closely paralleled the college. The ethnic make-up of the clinical laboratory technician classes was 54% White, 32% African American, 11% Asian, and 3% Latin American, compared to 48% African American, 36% White, 10% Asian, and 6% Latin American students in the college. PRACTICE INNOVATION: A retrospective study was performed to evaluate attrition rates for the classes entering the clinical laboratory technician program at the Community College of Philadelphia from 1987 to 1992. Reasons for this attrition were tabulated and evaluated. RESULTS: One hundred twenty-nine students entered the program and 75 graduated, producing an attrition rate of 42%. There were 6 categories of reasons given for not completing the program: academic difficulties, dislike of the laboratory science field, family problems, financial problems, substance abuse, and other problems not specified. CONCLUSION: Because 80% of the attrition was due to poor academic performance and a dislike of the field, several changes are being made in the Community College of Philadelphia's retention program. An enhanced orientation will be given to all students, and students will be required to visit a hospital laboratory. Early faculty intervention and peer counseling for students with poor academic performance will be instituted.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Prevalence and predictors of discharge in United States Air Force Basic Military Training.

The purpose of the current investigation was to determine the prospective predictors of discharge in a population of individuals entering U.S. Air Force Basic Military Training (BMT). Subjects were 32,144 consecutive individuals entering Air Force BMT. In the first week, subjects filled out a comprehensive lifestyle and behavioral assessment. Over time, a total of 1,999 subjects (6.2%) dropped out of BMT for a variety of reasons, the most common being medical (33.6%), psychiatric (21.3%), legal (20%), and poor performance (13.1%). Overall, discharges by gender were equal, but the reasons for discharge varied by gender. Ethnicity predicted for medical, psychiatric, and legal discharge. Results suggest that women and ethnic minorities are not biased in favor of discharge and that both lifestyle and psychosocial variables are consistent predictors of discharge. Future research could potentially yield other significant predictors of success versus discharge in the U.S. military.

Adolescent↗