Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Splenic Infarction”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 919 records · Page 51Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Diagnostic significance of ultrasonography in focal splenic lesions].

INTRODUCTION: The spleen is situated in the upper left abdominal cavity and spleen parenchyma has a homogenous appearance. For that reason changes in parenchymal echogenicity should be understood as pathological, since many splenic focal lesions appear as different changes in echostructure of spleen parenchyma. FOCAL SPLENICE LESIONS: Focal lesions are not rare and are found in every day work. Great advantages of ultrasound diagnostics in relation to other complementary methods put this method into the leading position in diagnostics, not only in spleen disorders, but the whole abdomen. Advantages include: diagnostic accuracy, possibility of repetition, low price of the examination, and no irradiation. SPLENIC ULTRASONOGRAPHY: Splenic ultrasonography is efficient and provides findings which represent a significant contribution in reaching the final diagnosis and selecting the appropriate therapeutic approach. Due to various ultrasonographic images of numerous splenic focal lesions (metastasis, hemangioma, cysts, infarction, hematoma etc) great knowledge and experience is required in order to come to accurate diagnosis. This will bring application of other diagnostic procedures, such as CT and MR, mostly available in large radiological institutes, to a minimum.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

[Limits of differentiation of focal splenic lesions by sonography and computed tomography].

Based on the results of sonographic and CT-findings in 192 patients the advantages and disadvantages of ultrasonography and CT in the diagnosis of splenic lesions are presented with particular emphasis on anatomy and topography. The relatively uniform presentation of various focal lesions in ultrasonography and CT is demonstrated and the limits of differentiation are discussed. The importance of angiography and scintigraphy is also mentioned.

Abscess↗
PubMedDate not supplied

General disease in 120 necropsy-proven cases of multiple sclerosis.

The general pathology in 120 necropsy-proven cases of multiple sclerosis has been compared with that of matched neurological and general controls. There was no significant difference in the incidence of coronary thrombosis, myocardial infarction, cerebral haemorrhage, thyroid atrophy and splenic haemosiderosis. There was also no significant difference in malignancy in the three groups. The implications of these findings with particular reference to immunopathology are discussed. 74% of patients with multiple sclerosis died from complications of the disease; 26% died from apparently unrelated diseases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Splenic myeloid metaplasia, histiocytosis, and hypersplenism in the dog (65 cases).

Splenectomy specimens from 65 dogs with severe, diffuse, sustained, and progressive splenomegaly were examined. The clinical signs, hematology, and serum chemistry values in for the dogs were not useful diagnostic features. Microscopic changes in the spleens were distinctive and consisted of 1) myeloid metaplasia, 2) histiocytosis, 3) erythrophagocytosis, and 4) thrombosis with segmental infarction. Ultrastructural features suggested proliferative changes in the splenic reticular cells and macrophages (reticular meshwork) that described a continuum from reactive changes associated with immunologic damage of erythrocytes to neoplastic proliferation of histiocytic components. Thirty percent of the dogs survived 12 months. Approximately one half (53%) of the dogs with complete postmortem evaluations showed multiorgan involvement with a tissue distribution and cell morphology consistent with histiocytic neoplasia. For the remaining dogs (47%), only splenic pathology was consistently present, and a specific cause of death was often not evident. Distinctive histologic changes in the splenic tissues-including mitotic activity, erythrophagocytosis, giant cell formation, thrombosis/ infarction, and the proportion and distribution of histiocytic and hematopoietic cells-were statistically evaluated for prognostic relevance. The presence of giant cells was the only reliable prognostic feature, and that was indicative of a fatal outcome. These descriptive changes of myeloid metaplasia in the canine spleen are compared with the human clinical and pathologic syndromes of 1) agnogenic myeloid metaplasia, 2) hemophagocytic syndromes, and 3) hypersplenism. These diseases in humans produce histopathologic changes in the spleen that are similar to those observed in the canine splenic tissue we examined in this study.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Functional, life-threatening disorders and splenectomy following liver transplantation.

UNLABELLED: Splenectomy (SPL) in cirrhotic patients undergoing liver transplantation (LTx) may resolve specific problems related to the procedure itself, in case of functional and life-threatening clinical situations often occurring as a result of liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension. METHOD: A single-center experience of ten splenectomies in a series of 180 consecutive adult liver transplant patients over a period of 6 yr is reported. The mean patient age was 46.8 +/- 9.5 yr (range 25 57 yr). Indications for SPL were post-operative massive ascitic fluid loss (n = 3), severe thrombocytopenia (n = 3), acute intra-abdominal hemorrhage (n = 2), infarction of the spleen (n = 1), and multiple splenic artery aneurysms (n = 1). RESULTS: Extreme ascites production due to functional graft congestion disappeared post-SPL, with an improvement of the hepatic and renal functions. SPL was also effective in cases of thrombocytopenia persistence post-LTx, leading to an increase in the platelet count after about 1 wk. Bleeding episodes related to left-sided portal hypertension or trauma were also resolved. The rejection rate during hospitalization was 0%, and no other episodes were recorded in the course of the long-term follow-up. However, sepsis with a fatal outcome occurred in 4 patients, i.e. between 2 and 3 wk post-SPL in three cases and 1 yr after the procedure as a result of pneumococcal infection in the last case. Fatal traumatic cranial injury occurred 3 yr post-LTx in another case. Five patients (50%) are still alive and asymptomatic after a median follow-up period of 36 months. CONCLUSION: The lowering of the portal flow appears to resolve unexplained post-operative ascitic fluid loss as a result of functional graft congestion following LTx. However, because of the enhanced risk of SPL-related sepsis, a partial splenic embolization (PSE) or a spleno-renal shunt could be used as an alternative procedure because it allows us to preserve the immunological function of the spleen. SPL is indicated in case of post-transplant bleeding due to left-sided portal hypertension and trauma, spleen infarction, and to enable prevention of hemorrhage in liver transplant patients with multiple splenic artery aneurysms. Severe and persistent thrombocytopenia could be treated with PSE. Because the occurrence of fatal sepsis post-SPL is a major complication in LTx, functional disorders, such as ascites and thrombocytopenia, should be treated with a more conservative approach.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pleural effusion with splenic rupture as manifestations of recurrence of sarcoidosis following prolonged remission.

A 55-year-old man presented with a 3-week history of dry cough and left pleuritic chest pain with a new exudative pleural effusion. Sixteen years earlier, he was diagnosed with sarcoidosis presenting with hilar lymphadenopathy, erythema nodosum, mildly disturbed liver function tests and noncaseating granulomata on liver biopsy, with no evidence of pulmonary parenchymal disease. He was treated with prednisone and in recent years maintained at a low daily dose, until it was eventually discontinued two years prior to his present illness. There was no evidence of infection or malignancy, and the fluid resolved following treatment with naproxen. Three weeks later the patient presented with sudden onset of dyspnea and left chest pain. After starting intravenous heparin for suspected pulmonary emboli, the patient developed hemodynamic instability which was accompanied by abdominal tenderness and decreasing hematocrit. Splenic rupture was diagnosed, and the patient underwent splenectomy. Pathology specimens revealed a hemorrhagic infarct with subcapsular hematoma, and numerous noncaseating granulomata within the splenic tissue. This patient had recurrent sarcoidosis with two rare manifestations of the disease, 2 years after withdrawing low dose prednisone, given for a prolonged time. The possibility of reemergence of the disease in organs other than the organs involved in the initial presentation should always be considered in sarcoidosis.

Humans↗
PubMed1976

Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis: clinicopathologic correlations.

Sixty-five cases of nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE) were discovered at autopsy during a 10 year period--an incidence of 1.6 per cent in the adult autopsy population. In 51 cases, one or more malignant neoplasms were associated; adenocarcinoma represented the most frequent histologic type of related neoplasm. Coagulation abnormalities suggestive of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) were present in 18.5 per cent of the cases. It is possible that both the valvular and peripheral intravascular thromboses in at least some cases of NBTE represent the abnormal coagulation of DIC. Arterial thrombosis with infarction occurred in many peripheral organs. Splenic and renal were most frequent, but cerebral and cardiac consequences were the most significant.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Spleen rupture and ischemic cerebral stroke in a patient with recent myocardial infarction].

A case is presented of recent anterior myocardial infarction in 40-year-old man, treated in acute stage with streptokinase and heparin, complicated by spleen rupture and splenectomy on the 6th day of infarction and by ischemic cerebral stroke on the 15th day. After 10-weeks of therapy patient left the hospital in good clinical condition, which continued 6 months of out-patient follow-up. Results of our examinations excluded haematologic proliferative diseases as a cause of spleen rupture. Fever and recurring pains in the left hypochondrium occurring before infarction suggested possibility of infectious diseases with spleen involvement. In histopathological examination the spleen swelling (as a reaction on an infection) was found. The influence of fibrinolytic and anticoagulant therapy on spleen rupture was discussed. In pathogenesis of ischemic stroke, the thrombocythemia observed after splenectomy and platelet hyperactivity following thrombolytic therapy were taken into consideration.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Intestinal obstruction caused by splenic volvulus: report of a case.

Torsion of a wandering spleen is rare, usually presenting as acute abdomen, and is commonly misdiagnosed. In special cases, ultrasonography, arteriography, and additional scintigraphy are extremely valuable in the preoperative diagnostic management. We herein present an unusual case of torsion of a wandering spleen in a 19-year-old female. The presenting symptom was acute gastrointestinal obstruction due to pressure of the enlarged and ptotic spleen in the pelvis. The intestinal obstruction with signs of peritonitis made a laparatomy with removal of the infarcted spleen imperative. After the operation, the patient made a complete recovery.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Torsion of a wandering spleen presenting with acute abdomen: a case report.

Wandering spleen is a rare condition characterized by increased splenic mobility due to the absence or laxity of its suspensory ligaments that may present as acute abdomen when it is twisted on its pedicle. Herein we report a case of torsion of a wandering spleen in a 17-year-old male patient with communicating hidrocephalus and ventriculoperitoneal shunt. The patient presented with suspicious clinical findings of acute abdomen, a laparotomy was performed and the infarcted spleen was removed. Although wandering spleen is a rare clinical entity, the possibility of torsion should be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of acute abdomen.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed1997

Hepatic infarction with portal thrombosis.

A case of hepatic infarction with portal thrombosis is reported. A 63-year-old woman with liver cirrhosis and esophageal varices was admitted for treatment of the esophageal varices. Endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) and endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS) were performed. Two months later, she experienced right hypochondralgia and right flank pain. Serum transaminase levels were suddenly elevated, and computed tomography scans of the liver showed multiple small nodular lesions. Her condition worsened, and she died of hepatic failure. Autopsy revealed splenic and portal vein thrombosis, multiple hepatic infarction, and evidence of chronic pancreatitis. We believe that liver cirrhosis and chronic pancreatitis were the main risk factors for the portal thrombosis, and the treatment for esophageal varices appeared to have triggered the thrombosis. The hepatic infarction was caused by the portal thrombosis.

Endoscopy, Digestive System↗
PubMed1997

Splenic involvement in rheumatic diseases.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the major reports of splenic involvement in the rheumatic diseases and to highlight several conditions in which potentially life-threatening splenic complications may occur. METHODS: A search of the Medline database ('SilverPlatter': 1966 to 1997) was conducted for all English-language entries related to the spleen and the major rheumatic diseases. Original articles were reviewed from the bibliographies of these Medline-sourced articles. The major rheumatological textbooks were also reviewed for original references. RESULTS: Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) are at risk of experiencing spontaneous splenic rupture. Splenomegaly is common in both uncomplicated RA and as a feature of Felty's syndrome, in which the patient may be at risk of splenic abscess formation, again a possible complication of SLE and also PAN. Massive splenomegaly appears to be specific to SLE and may be confused with a malignant process. Abnormal splenic function has been documented in RA, SLE, and Wegener's granulomatosis. The spleen may show areas of infarction in several conditions, notably SLE and Wegener's granulomatosis. Splenic atrophy is not uncommon in SLE and may be associated with functional asplenia and a co-incident risk of potentially fatal infection with capsulated organisms. CONCLUSIONS: Serious and occasionally fatal complications within the spleen occur in many rheumatic diseases. Prompt recognition of these complications is important.

Adult↗