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PubMed1993

Effects of pentoxifylline on sperm motility and hyperactivation in normozoospermic and normokinetic semen.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of in vitro incubation with pentoxifylline on sperm motion characteristics of spermatozoa from normozoospermic, normokinetic specimens. DESIGN: Prospective, controlled experiment. SETTING: Andrology laboratory, university-based fertility center. PARTICIPANTS: Healthy, untreated male partners of couples attending the fertility center. INTERVENTION: Each specimen was washed, pelleted by centrifugation, then resuspended in human tubal fluid medium (HTF). Two portions were incubated at 37 degrees C, one with pentoxifylline (final concentration = 1 mg/mL = 3.6 mM) and the other without pentoxifylline (control). After 1 hour, the pentoxifylline-treated portion was divided: one half was washed to remove pentoxifylline, then further incubated in HTF; the other half remained incubated in HTF with pentoxifylline. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Motility, hyperactivation, amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALH), curvilinear velocity (VCL), straight line velocity (VSL), linearity (LIN), beat-cross frequency. RESULTS: Incubation with pentoxifylline did not increase motility, VSL, LIN, or beat-cross frequency but did significantly increase HA, VCL, and ALH at 1, 2, and 4 hours, compared with control. Incubation in control medium without pentoxifylline did not significantly increase any of the parameters measured. After 24 hours of incubation with or without pentoxifylline, all parameters measured were significantly decreased, with the exception of LIN. CONCLUSIONS: Pentoxifylline does not increase percentage motility of washed spermatozoa in capacitation medium. Enhancement of sperm HA by pentoxifylline in capacitation medium occurs with normozoospermic, normokinetic semen specimens. This effect persists for up to 4 hours when pentoxifylline is removed from the medium after 1 hour of incubation.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The structural specificity of carbohydrate in the initiation of rat sperm motility.

Mammalian spermatozoa are stored in the cauda epididymis (CE) in a quiescent state and become motile when diluted with seminal plasma upon ejaculation. The structural specificity of a variety of sugars and sugar derivatives as diluents that are capable of initiating a transition of CE spermatozoa from the quiescent to the actively motile state was examined. It was found that monosaccharides, except those containing less than five-carbon skeletons, were good motility initiators; a trisaccharide tested showed reduced activity. The initiation activity was also independent of the structural stereospecificity and the nutritional value of the sugar. Based on these observations, a mechanism involving a receptor which handles sugar transport or sugar recognition in a transport process is proposed to be responsible for generating a signal that triggers CE spermatozoal motility.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Effect of L-arginine and polyamines on sperm motility].

The biochemical and physiological relevance of L-arginine is described in the male reproductive system. This amino acid has been used successfully in the treatment of some reproductive diseases. L-arginine is the precursor in the synthesis of putrescine, spermidine and spermine. It has been suggested that these polyamines have important role as initiators in the spermatic motility processes. Some practical uses for L-arginine are proposed.

Arginine↗
PubMed2003

Metal chelators change the human sperm motility pattern.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of zinc on the generation of motility. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTINGS: Outpatient clinic of the Center of Dermatology and Andrology. PATIENT(S): Seventy-three patients and 10 sperm donors. INTERVENTION(S): Motile spermatozoa were isolated by swim-up and incubated for 1, 2, 4 or 6 hours with DL-penicillamine, 2,3-dimercaptopropan-1-sulfonate, and meso-2,3-dimercapto-succinimic acid at concentrations of 1, 10, and 100 micro mol/L. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Motility was analyzed by means of computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA). RESULT(S): Significant dose-dependent changes in nonlinear motility, progressive motility, and velocity straight line (VSL) were observed. After only 1 hour of incubation, nonlinear motility decreased, and progressive motility and VSL increased. The percentage of immotile spermatozoa was not affected. Time-dependent changes in motility were observed on a significantly higher or lower level as compared to the control. Comparing the chelators after 2 hours revealed that DL-penicillamine showed the strongest effect on the sperm. CONCLUSION(S): The results imply that chelators can eliminate at least some part of the zinc from the flagellum. This zinc elimination appears to lead to comparable changes of the outer dense fibers as seen in vivo during epididymal maturation, finally resulting in improved motility.

Chelating Agents↗
PubMed2004

Regression analyses and motile sperm subpopulation structure study as improving tools in boar semen quality analysis.

A precise estimation of the fertilizing ability of a boar ejaculate would be very useful to improve pig assisted reproduction results. For this purpose, we tested the mathematical combination of several parameters of the boar semen quality analysis, including the computer-assisted semen motility analysis (CASA), as a predictive fertility tool. The utilized mathematical relations among parameters were logistic and linear regressions. Two mathematical models obtained by logistic regression involving Osmotic Resistance Test (ORT Test), Hyperosmotic Resistance Test (HRT Test) and viability of fresh samples, showed a significant (P<0.05) correlation between semen characteristics and conception rate. However, none of the obtained models produced a significant correlation model between semen characteristics and prolificacy. The CASA analyses show that three separate subpopulations of spermatozoa with different motility characteristics coexist in boar ejaculates. There were significant (P<0.001) differences in the distribution of these subpopulations among boars, but no clear relationship between motile subpopulation structure and fertility was obtained. Our results support the belief that the predictive use of the results obtained in a standard boar semen quality analysis can reasonably be achieved by applying logistic correlation analyses among several function parameters of boar semen quality analysis and in vivo conception rates obtained after artificial insemination (AI).

Animals↗