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PubMed2004

[Application of the theory of damp-heat in spleen and stomach in treatment of kidney diseases].

There exists close relationship between the damp-heat and the occurrence, development, treatment and prognosis of kidney diseases. The occurrence of damp-heat is based on water and wetness, which may come from outside or may be caused by internal damage. The water and wetness can change into heat if they are stored in the body for a long period, and the combination of water and wetness and heat may cause damp-heat syndrome. The function of spleen and stomach plays the most important role in the water metabolism of sanjiao. Kidney diseases are mainly caused by damp-heat of spleen and stomach resulted from internal damage of spleen and stomach, and symptoms of damp-heat of middle-jiao are commonly seen in most patients of chronic kidney diseases. During the development from renal function damage to renal failure, the remaining of damp-heat in san-jiao can affect the function of spleen and stomach for transportation, transformation and digestion, resulting in the symptoms of dysfunction of spleen and stomach. Regulating the function of spleen and stomach is one of the most important therapeutic methods for kidney diseases.

Hot Temperature↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Transplacental effect of a 15% olive-oil diet on functional activity of immune components in the spleen and colon tumors of rat offspring.

We studied whether feeding pregnant female rats a 15% olive-oil diet affects the activity of lymph cells in the spleen and tumors in offspring with chemically-induced colon tumors. Rat mothers were fed either a 7% corn-oil or a 15% olive-oil diet. Five-week-old male offspring were divided into 3 groups. A control group was fed the 7% corn-oil diet similar to their mothers. The experimental group I was fed the 7% corn-oil diet whereas their mothers were fed the 15% olive-oil diet. The experimental group II was fed the same 15% olive-oil diet as their mothers. Experimental rats were injected weekly for 8 weeks with the carcinogen, 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH), 20 mg/kg b.w. Results of experiments were studied 6 months later. The area of zones in the spleen responsible for producing B and T lymphocytes were measured and the number of cells counted. The activity of lymphoid elements of the spleen and of tumors were studied using immunohistochemical methods for evaluating the synthesis of CD8(+) lymphocytes and proliferative activity of lymphocytes in spleens and tumors. Feeding pregnant or lactating mothers with the 15% olive-oil diet had no marked tumor-protective effect on chemically-induced colon cancer in offspring. Diet-dependent changes were found at the cellular level. In the spleen of control offspring, the presence of a tumor was accompanied by an increase in the number of Ki-67(+) cells and CD8(+) lymphocytes in the red pulp. In experimental group I, DMH significantly increased the total cell number and the number of CD8(+) lymphocytes in the red pulp of the spleen in both tumor-bearing and tumor-free rats. In experimental group II, the total number of lymph cells and the number of CD8(+) lymphocytes increased compared to offspring fed a control diet. Tumor formation activated the proliferative activity of lymph elements. The total number of cells in infiltrates of the colon mucosa decreased in tumor-bearing rats compared to tumor-free counterparts, and this was seen in all three dietary groups of rats. In tumors from offspring of experimental group II, only the number of CD8(+) lymphocytes increased compared to those in offspring of experimental group I. The findings indicate that feeding mothers the 15% olive-oil diet had a cancer-inhibiting role in offspring, predominantly changes at the cellular level.

1,2-Dimethylhydrazine↗
PubMed2006

Distinct responses of lung and spleen dendritic cells to the TLR9 agonist CpG oligodeoxynucleotide.

Dendritic cells (DCs) sense various components of invading pathogens via pattern recognition receptors such as TLRs. CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs), which mimic bacterial DNA, inhibit allergic airways disease and promote responses in the spleen to bacterial components. Because many TLR agonists are currently being tested for potential therapeutic effects, it is important to characterize the expression and function of TLRs in different tissues. We show that both myeloid and plasmacytoid DCs in the spleen express TLR9, the receptor for CpG ODNs, but lung DCs show no detectable expression in either subset. TLR4 expression in contrast was detected on both lung and spleen DCs. LPS was superior to CpG ODN in increasing the allostimulatory potential of lung DCs and their expression of CD40. However, both agonists efficiently stimulated spleen DCs. CpG ODNs administered to mice efficiently inhibited Th2 cytokine production both in the lung draining lymph node and in the spleen. Surprisingly, inhibition of Th2 cytokine production was evident despite high levels of expression of GATA-3 and additional transcription factors that regulate Th2 responses. Although in the spleen CpG ODNs induced IL-6, a key cytokine induced via TLR9-MyD88 signaling, no IL-6 was detectable in lung LN cells. These studies show for the first time that lung DCs lack TLR9 expression, but, despite this deficiency, CpG ODNs induce potent inhibitory effects on Th2 cytokine production in the lung without inducing expression of the proinflammatory cytokine, IL-6, which has been linked to chronic diseases in the lung and the gut.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1986

A palpable spleen is not necessarily enlarged or pathological.

It is widely accepted that a palpable spleen in the adult population is always enlarged and pathological. The aim of this study was to assess the validity of this statement. As a routine, our protocol for liver-spleen studies includes liver pliability, which demonstrates the level of the hemidiaphragms at full inspiration and expiration, as well as splenic size and colloidal uptake. Sixteen hundred 99mTc sulphur colloid liver-spleen studies, which had been performed in our Department, were reviewed. In 21 patients, who had been referred with "splenomegaly for investigation", the scintigraphic splenic size was 13 cm posterior length or less. In this group, splenic palpability was confirmed by at least two clinicians. Follow-up did not reveal any evidence of splenic disease in 18 of the 21 patients. In a separate postmortem follow-up of 123 sequential liver-spleen scans, 100 patients were noted to have a scintigraphic splenic size of 13 cm posterior length or less. This was shown to be a reliable upper limit of normal because 98% of spleens in this group weighed 250 g or less and were normal at post-mortem examination. This study demonstrates that a palpable spleen is not necessarily enlarged or pathological.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Dilation of venous vessels at the splenic hilum in normal sized spleens as an indication of pathologic splenic involvement: preliminary results.

Twelve hundred patients without liver or heart disease, having a normal sized spleen without focal lesions, were examined by ultrasonography to measure the inner diameter of the splenic vein in relation to possible current or recent recovery from pathologic processes. SVD was measured at the hilum of the spleen with the patients supine. Ten of the patients in whom dilation of the SVD was found, together with a group of healthy controls (25), were subsequently studied with a duplex Doppler analysis to measure the venous outflow from the spleen. The results showed 1,175 spleens (98%) with SVD at the hilum of < 8 mm and 25 spleens (2%) with SVD of > 8 mm. Twenty-three of 25 patients (92%) with enlarged SVD had recent histories of hematopoietic or infectious diseases. Ten of 23 patients with enlarged SVD were studied further with a Doppler analysis. They demonstrated a rapid splenic blood flow with maximum flow velocities ranging from 14 to 27 cm/sec and high outflow volumes (from 430 to 1,227 ml/min, averaging 786 ml/min +/- 266), both significantly increased in comparison with controls (outflow volume from 200 to 355 ml/min, averaging 274 +/- 40; P < 0.0001). We conclude that dilation of the SVD accompanied by an increased intrasplenic blood flow volume without splenic enlargement would indicate a state of increased perfusion of splenic tissue associated with an immune response, reflecting reaction of the spleen to disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Mass at the splenic hilum: a clue to torsion of a wandering spleen located in a normal left upper quadrant position.

Wandering spleen is an extremely rare condition in which the spleen is lacking its normal ligamentous attachments and therefore can move to an ectopic position in the abdomen or pelvis. Wandering spleen predisposes the patient to life-threatening complications due to torsion of the spleen's vascular pedicle, with resulting splenic infarction, portal hypertension, and bleeding. Because of the nonspecific symptoms, imaging plays an important role. To our knowledge, only a few case reports describing wandering spleen in the pediatric population have been published, including 2 cases in infancy. We report a case of splenic torsion in an infant with a preoperative diagnosis made on the basis of color and power Doppler sonography. The diagnosis was confirmed by contrast-enhanced helical computed tomography (CT) and proved at surgery. On sonography, a diffusely hypoechoic spleen and a mass at the splenic hilum representing the torsed splenic pedicle were shown. The splenic hilar mass correlates with the CT "whirl" sign indicative of torsion.

Choristoma↗
PubMed1976

[Isolation of preparative amounts of polyribosomes from normal rabbit and guinea pig spleen].

Preparative amounts of polyribosomes were isolated from normal rabbit and guinea pig spleen; up to 40 optical units of the polyribosome preparation could be obtained by centrifugation in a Spinco L-2B centrifuge with SW-27 rotor. The amount of polyribosomes isolated from spleens of immune animals was 2-3 higher than that isolated from normal animal spleens. Concentration of polyribosomal preparations by lyophylization and the storage of dried preparations do not alter the sedimentation properties of the polyribosomes. The distribution pattern of normal rabbit spleen polyribosomes in a linear sucrose gradient and the sedimentation constants of the polyribosome peaks are in good agreement with data reported by some other authors for plasmocytome polyribosomes. Using electrophoresis in agarose-polyacrylamide gel the radioactive proteins synthesized in the cell culture of normal rabbit spleen it was shown that in normal spleen the average amount of globulins makes up to 35% of total protein synthesis, as reported by some authors.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Spleen-preserving pancreatectomy for cystic pancreatic neoplasms.

Cystic neoplasms of the pancreas are an uncommon entity comprising fewer than 1 per cent of all pancreatic neoplasms. The guidelines for management of these tumors, specifically, the extent of resection, are unclear. Formerly, a distal pancreatectomy including the spleen was performed for tumors in the tail of the pancreas. The importance of preserving the spleen has been well documented; however, there are few reports of spleen-preserving pancreatectomy for cystic neoplasms of the distal pancreas. We report two patients who underwent spleen-preserving pancreatectomy for mucinous cystic neoplasms in the tail of the pancreas. Both patients were female, ages 39 and 65 years. Preoperative preparation included administration of vaccinations and subcutaneous somatostatin. Operative technique emphasized division of the splenic artery and vein beyond the tip of the distal pancreas without mobilization of the spleen. The pancreas was transected with a vascular stapler. Fibrin glue was applied to the margin of the pancreas. The operative blood loss, duration of operation, and postoperative hospital stay were 150 and 250 mL, 150 and 180 minutes, and 7 and 9 days, respectively. The pathology revealed both lesions to be mucinous cystic neoplasms. The patients recovered and at 6-month follow-up were without complaints and in good health. Spleen-preserving pancreatectomy is rapid and associated with minimal morbidity. This procedure should be considered in the surgical management of cystic neoplasms in the tail of the pancreas.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Experimental injury to the spleen study of interaction: contamination/preservation.

Ablation of the spleen leads to a significant risk of postsplenectomy invasive sepsis. This concept has become very important in the last three decades because of awareness of the spleen's important role in immunological functions. Hence, this has led many research centers to study hemostasis of the injured spleen in order to preserve its function. The objective of this study is to analyze the use of nylon mesh for preservation of the wounded spleen in the presence or absence of local contamination. Twenty dogs were operated, randomly divided into two groups and followed postoperatively for eight weeks. A standard splenic injury was produced in all animals and hemostasis accomplished by attaching nylon mesh to the organ. Postoperatively, in one of the groups the "wounded organ + mesh" was contaminated with a bacterial count proportional to the animal's weight. The other group was not contaminated, maintaining it as control. Both groups were studied as to interaction of contamination/preservation, i.e., body weight, surgical findings, splenic size and histology, blood and tissue culture and hematological data. The dogs adequately withstood the standardized trauma regardless of local contamination. And the nylon mesh effectively arrested bleeding in all animals. At sacrifice inoculated germs were confirmed in the contaminated group by histological methods or tissue cultures. A cellular infiltrate of lymphocytes and plasmocytes was present close to the mesh only in the latter. The mesh attached to the injured spleen did not lead to abscesses, intrasplenic or intraperitoneal fluid collections. Based on analysis of the data, we can infer that local contamination of the injured spleen and the presence of non-absorbable material (nylon mesh) did not markedly alter the overall behavior of the dogs compared to the uncontaminated group.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Depression of humoral immunity to sheep erythrocytes in vitro by Friend virus leukemic spleen cells: induction of resistance by statolon.

The in vitro antibody plaque-forming cell (PFC) response of normal spleen cells exposed to sheep erythrocytes in Marbrook chambers was depressed by the addition of Friend virus (FV) leukemic spleen cells. Fewer than 10-5 leukemic cells inhibited the PFC response of 10-7 normal cells. This immunodepression could not be produced with sonicated, irradiated, or mitomycin C-treated leukemic cells or with cellfree FV. It could be blocked by FV immune serum but was unaffected by high titers of purified interferon. Interferon did not inhibit the immune response of normal spleen cells to sheep erythrocytes. Spleen cells from mice treated with statolon or chlorite-oxidized oxyamylose statolon but not Newcastle disease virus or poly rI:poly rC were resistant to immunodepression in vitro by FV leukemic spleen cells. The unique ability of statolon to prevent immunodepression by leukemic spleen cells may be the basis of its FV leukemo-suppressive activity in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Modulation of natural cytotoxicity by alloantibodies. I. Alloantisera enhancement of cytotoxicity of mouse spleen cells toward a human myeloid cell line.

Natural killer activity of spleen cells obtained from different strains of mice against the human myeloid leukemia cell line, K562, and two mouse cell lines P815 and L1210 was measured by using the 4-hr chromium release assay. The level of cytotoxic activity of spleen cells against the K562 target was usually less than 4% lysis. However, treatment of the spleen cells with a specific anti-H-2 antiserum resulted in a dose-dependent augmentation of the degree of lysis of K562 cells. The augmentation of cytotoxic activity could be obtained by pretreatment of the spleen cells with antisera or by directly adding the antisera to the cytotox-incubation medium. Anti-thy-1 and anti-immunoglobulin antisera had no enhancing effect under similar conditions. The specific alloantisera-treated spleen cells did not show any increase in cytotoxicity against P815 and L1210 target cells. Spleen cells responsible for the alloantiserum-mediated augmentation of cytotoxicity against K562 cells appear to be different from T or B cells as indicated by their resistance to anti-thy-1 and complement treatment and lack of adherence to nylon wool columns.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Intraperitoneal and extraperitoneal anastomoses of spleen arteries.

The importance of supporting the spleen with blood is enormous especially from the surgical point of view. The main vessel of spleen is the splenic artery. In this study we would like to extend current knowledge of anastomoses between the splenic artery and surrounding arteries. Seven donor bodies of both sexes were used for detailed dissection. We were concerned with both the intraperitoneal and extraperitoneal anastomoses. In another 100 donor bodies, the relationship between the spleen and the anterior surface of the posterior body wall was studied. The superficial anastomoses were found mainly in the peritoneal duplications. They were the short gastric arteries; the epiploic branches of the left gastroepiploic artery; branches of the middle and left colic arteries and arteries from the region of the pancreatic tail. Deep anastomoses were found between the spleen and the parietal branches of the aorta, i.e. the superior and inferior phrenic arteries and the arteries of the anterior surface of the posterior body wall: the posterior intercostal artery and lumbar arteries. Authors also expect small anastomoses in 40-50% of spleens that lie directly on the anterior surface of the posterior body wall. Our findings correspond with the clinical observations that after ligation of the splenic artery necroses in the spleen do not occur.

Abdomen↗
PubMed2002

Acute abdomen due to torsion of a pelvic wandering spleen.

Wandering spleen is a rare entity characterized by incomplete fixation of the spleen by lienorenal and gastrosplenic ligaments. Wandering spleen can migrate to the lower abdomen or pelvis, and can be either congenital or acquired. It is most commonly found in women of reproductive age, and may be misdiagnosed as an abdominal or adnexal mass. It is usually asymptomatic, but may present with acute, chronic, or intermittent abdominal pain. Here, we report a case of torsion of a huge congenital pelvic wandering spleen and microscopic isolated pancreatic tissue (disconnected from the pancreas) with impending splenic rupture in a 23-year-old female patient. Progressively severe chronic or intermittent torsion of the vascular pedicle of the wandering spleen caused progressive intermittent lower abdominal pain. The patient underwent splenectomy with resection of the long pedicle and the postoperative course was uneventful. The pathognomonic computerized tomography features of this case, including absence of the spleen in the left upper quadrant and the presence of a whirl-like structure running down to the central portion of the distally located large soft-tissue mass and with a notched- (hilar-) like contour, are also described.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed2004

[The relationship among the counts of platelet, thrombopoietin and spleen index in patients with liver cirrhosis].

OBJECTIVE: To determine the reason of thrombocytopenia in patients with liver cirrhosis, we studied the relationship among platelet counts, serum thrombopoietin (TPO) level and spleen index. METHODS: Serum TPO, platelet counts and spleen index were measured in 71 cirrhotic patients. TPO was measured with ELISA method, spleen index were measured on ultrasonography by the same doctor. RESULTS: Platelet counts in patients with cirrhosis were lower than that of healthy group [(109.20+/-53.39) vs (169.63+/-26.60) x 10(12)/L, P<0.05]. Serum thrombopoietin level in patients with cirrhosis was similar to that of healthy group [(436.42+/-258.97) vs (412.63+/-132.80) pg/ml, P>0.05]. However, serum thrombopoietin level decreased as liver disease aggravated, [(526.13+/-317.44) pg/ml in Child-Pugh grade A, (445.22+/-214.90) pg/ml in grade B and (311.45+/-182.66) pg/ml in grade C, grade A vs. Grade C, P<0.05]. However, decline in platelet counts was accompanied with incline in spleen index coordinately. 35 of 71 cirrhotic patients had normal platelet counts whereas 36 of them had thrombocytopenia. Thrombopoietin levels were higher in non-thrombocytopenia group than in thrombocytopenia group [(529.43+/-282.64) vs. (351.27+/-228.25)pg/ml, P<0.01]; but spleen index of two groups showed no difference [(29.65+/-12.00) vs. (36.35+/-12.68) cm2, P>0.05]. Correlation was found between thrombopoietin level and platelet counts (r=0.252, P=0.025); no correlation was found between spleen index and platelet counts (r=-0.238, P=0.062). CONCLUSION: The decline serum TPO levels might play an important role for thrombocytopenia in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Comparison between effects of mechanical mince on the DNA damages of spleen, liver and kidney cells in mice].

OBJECTIVE: To study whether there are differences between effects of the DNA damages of the spleen, liver and kidney cells in mice caused by mechanical mince and the spleen, liver and kidney in mice can be dissociated into single cells by mechanical mince or not. METHODS: No drug was administrated to the tested group mice, and Cyclophosphamide was administrated to the control group mice with 150 mg/kg doses. Then the three kinds of single cell suspensions were prepared by mechanical mince. The cell livabilities were detected by trypanblau coloration, and effects of mechanical mice on the DNA damages of the three kinds of cells were detected by single cell gel electrophoresis. RESULTS: The single cell quantity prepared from spleen, liver and kidney in short time by mechanical mince can meet completely the needs of comet assay. The percentages of cells with comets of the tested group were respectively 3.20%, 6.21%, 9.22% and the DNA migrations were respectively 27.30microm, 28.45microm, 47.10microm. There were significant differences between the percentages of cells with comets in the tested groups (P < 0.05). In the DNA migration test, there were significant differences between the spleen cells and kidney cells or between liver cells and kidney cells of the three tested groups (P < 0.05). The percentages of cells with comets and the DNA migrations of the three types cells in tested groups were low significantly (P < 0.01, P < 0.001) compared with the corresponding positive control groups. CONCLUSION: The effects of mechanical mince on the DNA damages of spleen, liver and kidney cells became stronger and stronger orderly. Spleen and liver can be dissociated into single cells by mechanical mince more appropriately.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Difference in the functional maturation of T cells against Listeria monocytogenes in lymph nodes and spleen.

After subcutaneous immunization of mice with viable Listeria monocytogenes (LM), we evaluated the function of T cells induced in draining lymph nodes (LN) and spleen as determined by the local transfer of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH), acquired cellular resistance (ACR) and in vitro lymphokine production. LN cells could transfer specifically DTH but not ACR. In contrast, spleen cells from the same donor mice evoked the DTH response as well as bacterial clearance at the reaction site. Comparison of bacterial counts in spleen and in LN upon subcutaneous inoculation of mice with LM suggested that the lack of bacterial proliferation in LN underlay the failure to induce protective T cells in this lymphoid tissue. Spleen and LN T cells expressed CD4 and CD8 surface antigens equally and DTH response was solely dependent on CD4+ cells. Another major difference between LN and spleen cells was the profile of lymphokines produced in vitro. Upon the in vitro restimulation with killed Listeria, immune spleen cells produced macrophage chemotactic factor (MCF), interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). In contrast, LN cells could produce all of the measured lymphokines but not IFN-gamma. The results provided strong evidence for the dissociation of DTH and ACR. Listerial growth appeared to be the requirement for full maturation of anti-listerial immunity that may coincide with the generation of IFN-gamma-producing T cells.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

[Apoptotic characteristics of spleen lymphocyte in mice irradiated by lethal dose and its relationship to the expression of Bax and Bcl-XL proteins].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the apoptotic characteristics of mouse spleen lymphocyte after lethal dose gamma-irradiation and its relationship to the expression of Bax and Bcl-XL proteins. METHODS: Two hundred and twenty-five second-grade C57 mice were randomly divided into six groups of 0, 6, 9, 12, 15 and 20 Gy. They were sacrificed by dislocation and samples were taken on 1-28 days after whole body single gamma-irradiation. Lymphocyte apoptosis and necrosis were analyzed by TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and flow cytometry (FCM) techniques. The expression of Bax and Bcl-XL proteins were estimated by immunohistochemical method. RESULTS: (1) The number of peripheral white blood cells of mice increased temporarily at 6 hours after radiation, thereafter, began to decrease rapidly, which reached the minimum on day 7 and recovered normal level basically one month after 6 Gy gamma-irradiation. (2) Apoptotic rate of spleen lymphocytes increased significantly, peaking at 6 hours after radiation, which was found to have a dose-response relationship during 6-24 hours after < or =12 Gy irradiation, but decreased after > or =15 Gy irradiation. (3) It was confirmed by FCM that the apoptotic rate of spleen lymphocytes increased along with the elevation of radiation dose. However, the apoptotic rate began to decrease and the necrotic rate rose distinctively after > or =15 Gy irradiation. The analysis of DNA gel electrophoresis supported above-mentioned results. (4) The expression of Bax protein in spleen lymphocyte enhanced at 6 hours after 6 Gy gamma-irradiation and peaked by 12 Gy-irradiation, showing a dose-dependent pattern, but which was not be found after > or =15 Gy gamma-irradiation. On the other hand, the expression of Bcl-XL protein reduced persistently with the increase of radiation dose, and also presented a better dose-dependent effect after < or =12 Gy irradiation. CONCLUSION: After 6-12 Gy gamma-irradiation, the apoptosis is the major death way of spleen lymphocyte, while both necrosis and apoptosis are important death pathways after > or =15 Gy irradiation. Pro-apoptotic Bax and anti-apoptotic Bcl-XL play an important role in the apoptotic regulation of spleen lymphocytes induced by lethal dose radiation.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Treatment of BCL1 leukemia by transplantation of low density fractions of allogeneic bone marrow and spleen cells.

C57BL/Ka bone marrow and spleen cells fractionated by density gradients were transplanted to lethally irradiated (800 rad) BALB/c recipients. Unfractionated bone marrow and spleen cell mixtures (1:1), or high density fractions of these cells induced acute lethal graft-vs-host disease (GVHD). In contrast, low and middle density fractions of bone marrow and spleen cell mixtures reconstituted the irradiated hosts, and the majority survived for at least 100 days. The latter cells contained sufficient hemopoietic cells for reconstitution, but were deficient in inducing GVHD. Examination of the T cell subsets in the low density fractions showed a reduction of typical alpha beta TCR+ CD4+ or CD8+ cells and little change in the proportion of alpha beta TCR+ CD4- CD8- cells. BALB/c mice injected with the BCL1 B cell leukemia/lymphoma were lethally irradiated and transplanted with unfractionated BALB/c or C57BL/Ka bone marrow and spleen mixtures or low density fractions of C57BL/Ka mixtures. All control unirradiated BALB/c mice given the BCL1 tumor cells died by day 55. Almost all BALB/c mice given the BCL1 tumor cells, irradiation, and injected with a syngeneic marrow and spleen mixture died by day 95. All of the latter recipients tested showed evidence of tumor relapse. Almost all BALB/c mice given BCL1 cells, irradiation, and a C57BL/Ka unfractionated marrow and spleen mixture died by day 40. The survival of BALB/c mice given BCL1 cells, irradiation, and a low density fraction of the C57BL/Ka mixture was markedly prolonged as compared to those recipients given unfractionated allogeneic or syngeneic mixtures. None of the low density fraction recipients tested showed evidence of tumor relapse. Similar results were obtained with leukemic C57BL/Ka x BALB/c F1 hybrid mice. Thus, the low density fraction fails to induce acute lethal GVHD, but retains graft-vs-leukemia activity.

Animals↗