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At least 919 records · Page 51Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Hip fractures in middle-aged men: a consequence of early retirement and alcohol misuse?

From the 1950s to the 1980s the incidence of hip fractures in women aged 50-64 and cervical fractures in men of the same age in Malmö did not increase, whereas the incidence of trochanteric fracture in men aged 50-64 increased significantly. Significant background factors in men were alcohol misuse, living alone, early retirement, previous fractures, low weight/height ratio and less severe trauma--more in men with trochanteric than in men with cervical fracture. The deviant life-style and suspected physical inertia in this group of middle-aged men probably predisposes to osteoporosis and increased fracture risk.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1993

A not-so-retiring physician. Interview by Jim Montague.

One of the most important things Jack B. McConnell, M.D., learned in his 28 years as a researcher for Johnson & Johnson Co., New Brunswick, NJ, was that failure and disappointment are expected parts of research. McConnell, 68, says nothing can be created if disappointment is allowed to stop research. So after retiring to Hilton Head, SC, four years ago, McConnell organized the island's free, retiree-staffed Volunteers in Medicine Clinic. Formidable obstacles had to be overcome, including initial opposition from the state's board of medical examiners. McConnell talked recently with Hospitals & Health Networks Staff Editor Jim Montague.

Health Personnel↗
PubMed1993

Ill health retirement in health care workers.

Discovering why employees take early ill health retirement helps identify areas for future preventive action. Helen Sarfas found important areas for further investigation after initiating a research survey looking at health care workers employed by her health authority. She also discovered that diagrammatic illustration was the easiest and simplest way to present her research data.

Persons with Disabilities↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bankruptcy risk and state regulation of continuing care retirement communities.

Continuing care retirement communities (CCRCs) often require substantial financial investment from residents, prompting concern about potential losses to residents in the event of a CCRC's bankruptcy. State governments have responded to this concern with varying levels of regulation. Overall, CCRC bankruptcy rates are very low (.3% per year). We found that measures of varying regulation stringency had no effect on indicators of CCRCs' financial performance relating to bankruptcy risk. CCRCs that offer extensive contracts, including unlimited long-term care in addition to housing, have less positive indicators of financial strength than other types of CCRCs. When measured by traditional health care industry standards of financial strength, CCRCs appear less profitable than other types of health care facilities. This raises the question of whether CCRCs can continue to attract the needed capital from private markets and because of that, suggests that their future growth may be limited.

Bankruptcy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Retirement activities: wish or reality?].

The discrepancy between the potential and the reality of productive aging is very substantial. We have to deal with a structural gap. The individual productivity of aging is much more developed than the options of society for productive aging. Two ways of overcome the structural discrepancy are discussed. First options for post-retiremental activities are described. They follow the aim to enrich the role activities of elderly people by job options and honorary work. Second the model "Aktion 55" is discussed as an innovative initiative for new post-retirement activities. Future interventions have to follow demographic changes by developing age-integrated social roles and to leave age-differentiated activities and roles.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Retirement communities as creative clinical opportunities.

The extraordinary number of elderly expected to live into the next century calls for creative inclusion of this population in learning experiences for students in baccalaureate nursing programs. Retirement communities offer a rich environment for interaction and learning with the well elderly that encourages students to consider the limitless possibilities for nursing interventions with our greatest national resources: the elderly.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Saving for retirement.

In September, New Zealanders will take part in a referendum on a new, compulsory retirement savings scheme. This looks to be far less equitable than the present universal superannuation scheme.

Humans↗
PubMed1998

Financial planning considerations at retirement.

The process of retirement planning is a difficult one for a physician. The Planning process should address the areas of Investment Planning, Estate Planning, and Risk Management. This article examines each of these dimensions with special emphasis on Modern Portfolio Theory as the basis for investment planning.

Economics, Medical↗
PubMed1998

[How are the retired physicians?].

As part of an extensive cross-sectional survey of Norwegian physicians carried out in 1993 the 1,158 retired members of The Norwegian Medical Association were sent a questionnaire about their social situation, work activity, health and well-being. The response rate was 76%. 62% of the respondents were 75 years or older, and 13% were women. 44% were still active, doing clinical, research, or consultation work. The most prevalent complaint was lower back trouble, followed by arthrosis and hypertension. It was relatively common to prescribe one's own drugs. 6-8% of physicians under 75 years and 28% of those over 84 years needed practical help, but the great majority rated their life quality as good or excellent.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Outbreaks of gastroenteritis in elderly nursing homes and retirement facilities associated with human caliciviruses.

Eleven outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis, eight of which were in nursing homes or retirement facilities, were reported in virginia during the winter of 1993-1994. Serum samples (four outbreaks) and stool samples (two outbreaks) from involved people were tested for human calicivirus (HuCV) infection by enzyme immune assays (EIAs) using recombinant Norwalk virus (rNV) and Mexico virus (rMX) capsid antigens and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Of the 31 pairs of acute and convalescent serum specimens tested, 24 had a fourfold or more titer increase to rMX and 4 responded to rNV. In all four outbreaks, the geometric mean titers (GMTs) against rMX were significantly higher than those against rNV in the convalescent, but not in the acute phase of illness. The antibody response to rMX among these patients was also higher than to rNV (summary mean 32-fold increase vs. 0.7-fold increase, respectively, P < .001). Antigen was detected in 5 of 21 stool specimens tested by the rMX EIA, RNA in 12 of 17 stool specimens tested by RT-PCR, and small round structured virus (SRSV) particles in 12 of 21 by electron microscopy (EM); none were positive by the rNV EIA. Sequence analysis of the RT-PCR-amplified products from the viral RNA polymerase region revealed 92-93% amino acid identity with Snow Mountain agent (SMA), 86% with MX, 58-59% with NV, and 31-32% with Sapporo HuCV, suggesting that these viruses belong to the SMA HuCV genogroup.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Work environment factors, health, lifestyle and marital status as predictors of job change and early retirement in physically heavy occupations.

BACKGROUND: The aim was to assess the rate at which waste collectors and municipal workers leave their job, to establish the outcome and to identify associated risk factors within work environment, health, lifestyle and marital status. METHODS: A questionnaire-based survey among a cohort of 2,918 waste collectors and municipal workers was performed in 1994, with follow-up 2.5 years later. RESULTS: Twenty-five percent had left the job at follow-up. Of these, 31% had changed jobs (associated with low decision authority), 16% were unemployed (associated with low skill discretion, pushing heavy loads and extreme bending of back), 10% received Disability Pension/long-term sick leave (associated with low skill discretion, prevalent diseases, underweight and smoking), and 12% received Early Retirement Pension (associated with extreme bending of back and marital status). CONCLUSIONS: The study suggests a potential for preventing people from leaving physically heavy occupations by improving the physical and psychosocial work environment.

Employment↗
PubMed2007

Golden lion tamarin sleeping-site use and pre-retirement behavior during intense predation.

Sleeping sites, their patterns of use, and cryptic pre-retirement behavior mitigate predation risk at sleeping sites and could influence prey fitness. We evaluated sleeping-site usage for 10 groups of golden lion tamarins (GLTs) from a population that recently suffered a substantial decline due to predation at sleeping sites. We recorded the average number of nights that groups spent at their different sleeping sites to determine whether patterns of sleeping-site use were influenced by predation risk, as measured by the rate of encounters with predators, or the availability of suitable sleeping sites, as measured by the size of a group's home range and amount of mature forest within their home range. In addition, we measured travel speed to sleeping sites and compared this speed with that recorded at other times of day. GLT groups spent more nights on average at each of their sleeping sites compared to other callitrichid species for which data are available. Predation risk and habitat characteristics were not significant predictors of how many times groups used each of their different sleeping sites. Groups significantly increased their travel speed just before entering the sleeping site. Rapid locomotion to secure tree cavities may help GLTs avoid crepuscular and nocturnal predators; however, we speculate that this strategy failed numerous GLTs in our study population during the previous decade because they used sleeping sites that were accessible to predators.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Use of a self-administered questionnaire for detection of transient cerebral ischemic attacks: I. Survey of elderly persons living in retirement facilities.

A self-administered questionnaire designed to identify people with transient cerebral ischemia (TIA) in large population groups was distributed to approximately 10,000 elderly persons living in public and private retirement facilities in the United States. The population resided in eight cities, and 74% completed the survey. Transient focal neurological symptoms compatible with a diagnosis of TIA within the previous year were reported by 6.4% of the respondents. Uncertain manifestations of TIA, i.e., dizziness, light-headedness, or loss of balance, were noted by an additional 15.4%; the remaining 78.2% had no manifestations of this disorder. A clinical history for TIA was taken by a neurologist in a sample of 1,712 respondents to determine the validity of the questionnaire responses. Thirty (7.1%) of 423 persons presumed by the questionnaire to have TIA met the standard clinical criteria for the diagnosis. An additional 8 cases of TIA were found by the neurologist among the 1,289 interviewed persons presumed by the questionnaire to have uncertain TIA or no evidence of the disorder. The twelve-month period prevalence of TIA was estimated to be 8.2 per 1,000 in the total respondent population and 5.8 per 1,000 among those without a history of prior completed stroke. Despite the high proportion of false-positive neurological symptoms of TIA elicited by the questionnaire, this survey instrument nevertheless screened out for further study the 6% of the population in whom 55% of the TIAs occurred.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Acceptance of dementia screening in continuous care retirement communities: a mailed survey.

BACKGROUND: In a recent systematic review of the evidence for dementia screening to support recommendations from the US Preventive Services Task Force, we found no evidence regarding the interest or willingness of older adults to be screened, and insufficient evidence to provide an estimate of the potential harms of dementia screening. OBJECTIVE: In an attempt to address the acceptability of dementia screening, we asked older adults living in two Continuous Care Retirement Communities (CCRC) if they would agree to routine screening for memory problems. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study using self-administered mailed survey questionnaires. SETTING: Two CCRCs in Orange County, North Carolina. PARTICIPANTS: 500 residents of the independent living section of CCRCs. RESULTS: There was a 64% survey response rate. Of these, 49% of participants stated they would agree to routine screening for memory problems. In comparison to people who would not agree to routine memory screening, those who accepted memory screening were more likely to accept depression screening, be male, use drug-administration assisted devices, and take more medications. CONCLUSION: Approximately half of the residents in this affluent residential community setting were not willing to be screened routinely for memory problems. This high refusal rate indicates that dementia screening may be associated with perceived harms. We must improve our understanding of the decision-making process driving individual's beliefs and behaviors about dementia screening before implementing any broad-based screening initiatives for dementia or cognitive impairment.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Swimming eliminates the weight gain and abdominal fat associated with ovariectomy in the retired breeder rat despite high-fat diet selection.

The effects of swim-training on choice of dietary fat, carbohydrate or protein, weight gain, energy intake, and energy efficiency were examined in ovariectomized and sham-operated retired breeder rats. After a 3 week training period of increased duration, rats swam for 75 min per session (5 days per week) for 4 weeks. Ovariectomized rats gained more weight than sham rats, while swimming reduced weight gain and abdominal fat. As a percentage of total intake, macronutrient choices (weight and energy) were similar for all groups, ovariectomized animals consumed more food and more energy, compared with sham animals. All rats freely chose the majority of their food (g) as carbohydrate and the majority of energy (kJ) as fat. Results indicate that a moderate intensity training program of swimming prevented the weight gain following ovariectomy in older rats despite their excessive caloric intake of fat.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1993

Breast cancer screening practices among retirement community women.

BACKGROUND: The purposes of this study were (a) to learn more about the existing breast cancer screening practices of women age 65 and older and (b) to identify factors related to breast cancer screening. METHOD: A random sample of 752 women age 65 and older residing in independent living apartments in eight retirement communities was selected to participate in a survey of breast cancer screening practices and related factors. A total of 616 surveys were complete, yielding a response rate of 82%; of those, 571 of the surveys were administered by telephone, with the remaining 45 administered in person. RESULTS: Thirty-eight percent of the women reported having had a mammogram within the past year, 53% had a clinical breast exam, and 39% reported performing monthly breast self-examination. The percentage of women reporting either annual clinical breast examinations or mammography decreased with increasing age. Results of a logistic regression analysis found that having discussed mammography with a physician, believing in the need for mammography, having no mammography-related concerns, and the combination of personal experience with breast cancer and having had a clinical breast examination in the past year were all independently related to having had a mammogram within the past year (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: In order to increase older women's participation in screening, particularly in mammography, educational interventions need to be developed and directed both to older women and to their physicians.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2002

A longitudinal study of the effects of tobacco smoking and other modifiable risk factors on ill health in middle-aged and old Americans: results from the Health and Retirement Study and Asset and Health Dynamics among the Oldest Old survey.

BACKGROUND: While the effects of smoking and other modifiable risk factors on mortality and specific diseases are well established, their effects on ill health more generally are less known. Using two national, longitudinal surveys, the objective of this study was to analyze the effect of smoking and other modifiable risk factors on ill health, defined in a multidimensional fashion (i.e., disability, impaired mobility, health care utilization, and self-reported health). METHODS: The analyses were based on the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) (12,652 persons 50-60 years old surveyed in 1992, 1994, 1996, and 1998) and the Asset and Health Dynamics among the Oldest Old survey (8,124 persons 60-70 years old surveyed in 1993, 1996, and 1998). RESULTS: Smoking was strongly related to mortality and to ill health, with similar relative effects in the middle-aged and the elderly. There were consistent adverse dose-response relationships between smoking and ill health in the HRS. Persons who had quit smoking at least 15 years prior to the survey were no more likely than never smokers to experience ill health. A dose-response relationship was found between exercise and ill health. For body mass index and alcohol, there were U-shaped relationships with ill health. CONCLUSIONS: Public health efforts designed to encourage smoking cessation should emphasize improvements in ill health in addition to decreased mortality.

Age Distribution↗