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At least 919 records · Page 51Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Corrective osteotomy using Hoffmann II external fixators for extra-auricular malunion of the distal radius].

The authors present the technique and clinical results of a corrective osteotomy for malunion following extra-articular fractures of the distal radius. External fixation allows restoration of the length of the radius with minimal damage to the periosteum. It allows early mobilization of the radiocarpal joint. The position of the distal pins provides intraoperative visual control of the angular correction. The minimal invasive approach decreases the risk of iatrogenic lesion of an extensor tendon or a sensitive branch of the radial nerve. This technique is easy and reliable.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Acute carpal tunnel syndrome after distal radius fractures--long term results of surgical treatment with decompression and external fixator application].

Acute Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (ACTS) is a relatively rare sequel of distal fractures of the radius. This paper is an analysis of the causes of ACTS and of long-term results of treatment by surgical decompression combined with use of external fixators. Out of 128 patients with distal radius fractures treated in our department 11 cases required surgical treatment because of ACTS. Fractures were classified according to the AO classification as C2 and C3. CTSA was diagnosed basing on typical clinical signs: pain numbness over the radial three and a half fingers. All patients were treated surgically by reduction of the fracture, external fixation and decompression of the median nerve, all performed simultaneously. The results were assessed within 11 months (on average) postoperatively. It was found that ACTS depends on the severity of the fracture (comminuted, dislocated) and on method of treatment (local anaesthesia, multiple reductions, Cotton-Loder position). Long term results: pain was absent the two-point discrimination test was within norm, light sensation was within norm in 9 cases and slightly decreased in 2 cases. There were no positive Phalen tests and no Tinel signs. Grip strength raged from 17 to 120 kg (mean: 38 kg). According to Gartland-werley classification 5 excellent, 3 good, and 3 acceptable results were obtained. This indicates that early recognition and prompt treatment by surgical decompression and external fixation results in significant improvement of symptoms and prevents persistence of symptoms.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2002

Intraosseous lipoma of the proximal radius with extraosseous extension and a secondary posterior interosseous nerve palsy.

We describe an unusual and previously unreported case of a histologically verified solitary intraosseous lipoma of the proximal radius with extraosseous tumor extension and a secondary posterior interosseous nerve palsy. A successful outcome was achieved after intralesional resection of the soft-tissue tumor extension, curettage of the proximal radius, autogenous cancellous bone grafting of the resultant intramedullary defect, and tendon transfers.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Roentgenographic measurement of angle between shaft and distal epiphyseal growth plate of radius.

To assess the accuracy of the use of the growth plate to shaft angle (GP-S) in the fractured distal radius, two prospective studies were performed. The first intraobserver study was made by three different observers who measured the GP-S angles of anteroposterior and lateral views of 62 wrist radiographs on two different occasions. The results showed a 95% concordance for a 5 degrees tolerance on anteroposterior views and 7 degrees on lateral views. The second, an interobserver study with six different observers, showed the same results. The results favored the use of the distal radius GP-S angle. It is an easy and accurate measurement that can be useful for the assessment of distal forearm deformities in children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Treatment of intra-articular distal radius fractures by external radio-radial fixation--two case studies].

The paper presents two cases of the intra-articular distal radius fractures treated with good results by external radio-radial fixation. Techniques of the method are discussed. The advantages of the method are good stability and early function of the wrist after treatment. The indication for this method is distal radius fractures typ A3, C2 and C3 according the AO classification.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Treatment of large bone defect of radius with vascularized tubulate periosteum graft and bone filling material in rabbits].

OBJECTIVE: To study the treatment efficacy of vascularized periosteum graft and bone filling material for long bone defect. METHODS: Forty young and forty adult rabbits were divided into four groups respectively according to the bone filling materials. A 3 cm long segment was removed from the middle part of the rabbit radius to make a bone defect model. The periosteum was reserved and restored to set up a vascularized tubulate periosteum graft. On the left side, autogenous bone graft, decalcified allograft, tricalcium phosphate, and hydroxyapatite were used to fill in the bone defect respectively; on the right side, no bone filling material was used as controls. The repairing effect of bone defect was evaluated by roentogenography, biomechanical, and histological methods. RESULTS: In young rabbits, bone defects on both sides healed in the 6th week after operation. The bending strength of radius in the tricalcium phosphate group and in the hydroxyapatite group were lower in the 12th week and there was significant difference when compared with autogenous bone graft group, decalcified allograft group and control group (P < 0.05). The repairing mechanism included intramembranous and endochondral ossification, and intramembranous ossification was prevalent. In the adult rabbits, the repairing rates of bone defect were 50% in the autogenous bone graft group, 40% in the decalcified allograft group, 30% in the tricalcium phosphate group and in the hydroxyapatite group and 42.5% in the control group, respectively. CONCLUSION: In young rabbits, large bone defect can be repaired with vascularized tubulate periosteum graft with or without the combining use of bone filling materials. The bone filling material which will be substituted slowly is disadvantageous to the recovery of bone strength. In adult rabbits, vascularized tubulate periosteum graft combined with bone filling materials can not repair the large bone defect effectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[The treatment of distal radius fractures using the external fixator].

This is a report on the stabilisation of fractures of the distal end of the radius type C2 and C3 and open fractures by external fixator. Between 1982 and 1989 38 patients with 43 fractures were treated. A follow-up was done 8 to 80 months after operation including 35 patients. 14 patients were polytraumatised. Especially in this group of patients, the advantages of this procedure can be seen. This advantages are a small stress for the patient, involving only a short time of assembling of the external fixator besides a high stability of the system. Our results show, as well as the results of the literature, that the external fixator has its place in a differentiated therapeutic concept of intraarticular fractures, open fractures and fractures with a defect of the distal radius.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Normal radiographic appearance of the distal ends of the radius and ulna--a correlative radiographic and histologic slab study of the wrists in 50 infants].

Based on a correlative radiographic and histologic slab study of the wrists in 50 infants who died of unrelated diseases, the author's chief conclusions are as follow: 1) On the wrist radiograph of the infant, bone bark in the Ranvier's groove may appear as a "thorn-like" bony process on the margins of the metaphysis of the radius and ulna. 2) The radiographic appearance of the provisional zone of calcification at the distal ends of the radius and ulna are variable on radiographs of normal wrists, and familiarity with these variations precludes incorrect diagnosis. 3) The locations of the partially convex part of the provisional zone of calcification on the radiograph of the wrist correspond to where the vessels in the epiphyseal cartilage are located.

Calcification, Physiologic↗
PubMed1992

The effect of a composite of polyorthoester and demineralized bone on the healing of large segmental defects of the radius in rats.

The effect of a composite of demineralized bone mixed with polyorthoester on the healing of large segmental defects in the rat radius was studied. Sixty male Wistar rats were divided into four groups, A through D, and an osteoperiosteal diaphyseal defect of 50 per cent of the length of the bone was made in the right radius of each rat. In Group A, the defect was filled with polyorthoester and demineralized bone; in Group B, demineralized bone; and in Group C, polyorthoester. No material was implanted in the defects in the Group-D rats. The rats were killed fifty days postoperatively. The formation of bone in the defects was quantified with computer-assisted measurements of the area on radiographs. The host-tissue response was evaluated with light microscopy. Defects that had been filled with the composite of polyorthoester and demineralized bone or with demineralized bone alone showed regeneration of bone corresponding to 93.6 and 77.6 per cent of the area of the defect, respectively. Defects that had no implant or that had been filled with polyorthoester alone showed significantly less formation of bone. No inflammation was seen with light microscopy, and only traces of the polyorthoester could be detected in the defects that had been filled with the composite or with polyorthoester alone.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Outcome of distal radius fractures in relation to bone mineral density.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether osteoporosis influenced the clinical results of distal radius fractures in women above the age of 40 years. Forty patients underwent bone mineral densitometry of the distal forearm, hip and lumbar spine. Radiographs of both wrists were taken at the time of fracture healing and the difference in ulnar variance, palmar tilt and radial inclination with the contralateral wrist was measured. Wrist mobility, grip strength and pain relief were determined in 35 patients with a follow-up of more than one year. We found that the clinical results correlated better with bone mineral density than with the radiological parameters. Osteoporosis may be one of the factors affecting the outcome of distal radius fractures.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Effect of anti-infective reconstituted bone xenograft as primary bone grafting on repair of contaminated radius defect in canine].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of anti-infective reconstituted bone xenograft (ARBX) as primary grafting on repair of a segmental contaminated defect in canine radius. METHODS: The contaminated segmental defects of 1.5 cm were made in both radius of 8 canine and 1 ml of staphylococal suspension was injected into the defect region at a concentration of 5 x 10(6) CFU/ml. ARBX(experimental side) or RBX(control side) was implanted into the two sides of the defects respectively as primary grafting followed by internal fixation. The results were compared between the two grafting materials in repairing the contaminated segmental defect. RESULTS: In ARBX side, the defects were repaired completely in 5 cases and partially in 1 case, and there existed no osteomyelitis in all cases; while in RBX side, the defects were repaired partially in 1 case and were not repaired in 5 cases after 6 months of operation, and there existed osteomyelitis in all cases. CONCLUSION: Besides its strong osteoinductive and osteoconductive activity, ARBX is highly antibacterial and can be used as primary grafting in repairing contaminated segmental defects.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

A meta-analysis of the literature on distal radius fractures: review of 615 articles.

A structured meta-analysis of the available literature was performed to evaluate the outcome of the treatment of displaced intra-articular fractures of the distal radius. A comprehensive search of Medline using the key words "radius" and "fracture" revealed over 4,000 articles. After limiting the search to clinical trials in English and excluding pediatric and geriatric age groups as well as biomechanical and animal studies, 615 abstracts were identified in the period from 1976 to May 1998. Thirty-one articles met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. These included two prospective randomized comparative trials, two non-randomized comparative trials, one half prospective case series and half historical control, and 27 papers on case series. Four papers dealt with external fixation versus closed reduction and cast treatment and one paper looked at open reduction internal fixation with or without additional external fixation. There was insufficient data to perform a scientific meta-analysis because of the poor quality of the studies and lack of a uniform method of outcome assessment. However, the data from the comparative trials showed that external fixation was favored over closed reduction and casting. Additionally, comparing the results of the case series showed that external fixation was superior to internal fixation.

Casts, Surgical↗
PubMed2004

Vascular anatomy of the radius and ulna diaphyses in their reconstructive surgery.

The vascular factor in the unsuccessful healing of the osteotomised forearm bone is widely discussed in literature at the so-called "level operations" aiming at correcting the "ulna minus" variant in Kienböck's disease. The purpose of our study was to trace the nourishing vessels of the forearm bones from their source from which a. nutritia radii (ANR) and a. nutritia ulnae (ANU) is separated and to locate the foramen nutritium (FN) of the radial and ulnar bones diaphysis. The forearms of 70 upper extremities were dissected and 204 macerated radial bones and 134 macerated ulnar bones were investigated scopically and metrically. The results demonstrated that there is less variability of sources from which ANR was separated as compared to the variability of the sources from which ANU was separated. Foramen nutritium radii (FNR) and foramen nutritium ulnae (FNU) were located mainly along facies anterior and its edges margo anterior and margo interosseus and only in a few cases they were observed along facies posterior. The metrical investigations showed that FNR were located mainly in the second fourth along the bone length, between 30 and 40% from the radial bone length in the distal direction. FNU were located mainly in the second fourth along the bone length, between 30 and 50% from the ulnar bone length in the distal direction. The results for vascular anatomy of the forearm bones give grounds to assume that osteotomy with a subsequent shortening of the radius is more feasible than osteotomy with ulnar lengthening. The distal half of the radius, between the third and fourth quarter in particular, is also recommended as most suitable for surgical intervention.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Volar plating of dorsally comminuted fractures of the distal radius: a 6-year study.

This article describes a 6-year study of use of volar plating in treating unstable dorsally comminuted distal radius fractures. Forty-six fractures treated with volar plating were reviewed. All cases were followed for at least 6 months; 35 were followed for more than 1 year. Fractures treated with adjunctive protruding pins were excluded. Bone graft was used in 4 cases. Anatomical results were rated excellent or good in 39 cases (85%). Subsidence occurred in 9 fractures, 4 of which malunited. Flexor pollicis longus tendon attrition occurred in 2 cases. Mean operative time was less than 1 hour (range, 30-90 minutes). Study results support continued use of volar plating in treating selected unstable dorsally displaced fractures of the distal radius. Prominent plates and sharp-edged screws may imperil deep flexor tendons and should be removed. More liberal use of bone graft and improvements in plate design should reduce complications.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Use of the AO veterinary mini 'T'-plate for stabilisation of distal radius and ulna fractures in toy breed dogs.

The use of the AO (Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen) veterinary mini 'T'-plate for stabilisation of distal radius and ulna fractures in toy breed dogs was evaluated in a retrospective study. All of the 14 dogs in the study weighed 3.5 kg or less. The AO mini 'T'-plate was used as the final means of fixation in all cases. It was used as the primary form of stabilisation in ten dogs, and in four dogs it was used at revision surgery. In all cases, of the fractures healed. Return to function was graded 'as excellent' in six cases, 'good' in four and 'fair' in two. Two dogs were lost to long-term follow up. It was concluded that the AO veterinary mini 'T'-plate is a suitable choice of implant for stabilisation of distal radius and ulna fractures in toy breed dogs, especially when the distal fragment is very small.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

[The role of CT in the diagnosis and treatment of distal radius fracture].

OBJECTIVES: To investigate and discuss the role of CT in the diagnosis and treatment of comminutive distal radius fractures. METHODS: One hundred and eleven consecutive patients (118 cases of fractures) who were admitted to Jishuitan hospital from January 2003 to January 2005 were included in this study. These patients all need operative treatment and accepted CT scans for better understandings of these injuries and helping to make operation plans. RESULTS: after comparing the results of X planes and CT scans, considerable differences existing between the two examinations were found in the measurements of articular compression and step-off, gapping, comminution degree and subdislocation. This difference was manifested not only in the alteration of quantity but also in the change of quality. CONCLUSIONS: Computed tomography can provide more vivid and detailed information of fractures for practitioners. Undoubtedly, CT is especially valuable in the evaluation of severity degree and stability of comminutive distal radius fractures, thus it helps us to determine whether operation is obligatory and choose the best method and approach of operation. Moreover, CT can also clearly show the important parts of fractures which need special attention in the process of operation. At the same time, practitioners are required to understand the indications of CT examination completely and know how to choose scan planes properly.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[A new classification of distal radius fractures and corresponding treatment methods].

Based on previously published reports on fractures of the distal radius and on the analysis of 400 fresh fractures treated in two accident hospitals affiliated with our university hospital, we propose a new classification as shown in Table 2. This new classification includes a type of combined Chauffeur-Barton fracture which has never been described before. Each type of fracture of the distal radius requires a specific treatment as shown in Fig. 1.

Carpal Bones↗