Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “NEWCASTLE DISEASE VIRUS”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 919 records · Page 51Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of Newcastle disease virus infection on the binding, phagocytic, and bactericidal activities of respiratory macrophages of the turkey.

Effects of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) infection on the binding, phagocytic, and bactericidal activities of turkey respiratory macrophages were studied. Respiratory macrophages of the turkey demonstrated the presence of immunoglobulin (Ig) G and complement receptors but lacked IgM receptors. Respiratory macrophages from NDV-infected turkeys showed little or no depression of binding of sheep erythrocyte-IgG complexes and sheep erythrocyte-IgM-complement complexes to their appropriate membrane receptors. In contrast, respiratory macrophages from NDV-infected turkeys showed significant (P less than or equal to 0.05) depression of phagocytosis of similar complexes. Bacterial killing by respiratory macrophages from NDV-infected turkeys was significantly (P less than or equal to 0.05) inhibited.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Purification of recombinant nucleocapsid protein of Newcastle disease virus from unclarified feedstock using expanded bed adsorption chromatography.

In the present work, a single-step purification of recombinant nucleocapsid protein (NP) of the Newcastle disease virus (NDV) directly from unclarified feedstock using an expanded bed adsorption chromatography (EBAC) was developed. Streamline 25 column (ID = 25 mm) was used as a contactor and Streamline chelating adsorbent immobilized with Ni2+ ion was used as affinity adsorbent. The dynamic binding capacity of Ni2+ -loaded Streamline chelating adsorbent for the NP protein in unclarified feedstock was found to be 2.94 mg ml(-1) adsorbent at a superficial velocity of 200 cm h(-1). The direct purification of NP protein from unclarified feedstock using expanded bed adsorption has resulted in a 31% adsorption and 9.6% recovery of NP protein. The purity of the NP protein recovered was about 70% and the volume of processing fluid was reduced by a factor of 10. The results of the present study show that the IMA-EBAC developed could be used to combine the clarification, concentration and initial purification steps into a single-step operation.

Adsorption↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Molecular virological monitoring of Newcastle disease virus strains (Paramyxoviridae, Avulavirus) in the populations of wild birds in the Volga estuary (the 2001 data)].

The paper analyzes the results of isolation of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strains from 336 swaps of 31 wild bird species collected in the 2001 summer in the Volga estuary (Astrakhan Region). Twenty-seven NDV strains were isolated from little terns (Sterna albifrons) (n=11; infection rate, 24.4%), great cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo) (n=6; 11.1%), coots (Fulica atra) (n=8; 6.5%), sandwich terns (Sterna sandvicensis) (n=1; 100%), and common redshanks (Tringa totanus) (n=1; 50.0%). Four strains were sequenced by the 374 n. a. residue fragment from the beginning of the F gene, one of them was by the full F gene, and another (Stemal/Astrakhan/2755/2001) was by the full genome. Nucleotide sequences have allowed the authors to classify corresponding NDV strains as 5b genotype and the analysis of the amino acid sequence of the F-protein cleavage site has shown them to belong to a non-pathogenic group.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Detection of Newcastle disease virus RNA in infected allantoic fluids by in vitro enzymatic amplification (PCR).

The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) procedure was applied in order to identify the Newcastle disease virus (NDV), an avian paramyxovirus (A-PMV 1). The sequence selected for amplification consists of 238 bp lying in the gene encoding the fusion protein F. A pair of 19-mer and 18-mer oligonucleotides, flanking this sequence, were used as primers. Following RNA extraction by the proteinase K method, a cDNA was prepared using the previous 19-mer oligonucleotide as the primer. The amplification reaction product was analyzed by electrophoresis and ethidium bromide staining, using the restriction enzymes HaeIII, Mbo II, and Nar I. The PCR was performed on cDNA prepared from 30 A-PMV 1 and 3 other strains (A-PMV2, A-PMV3, A-PMV4). It was thereby demonstrated that the selected sequence was highly specific and constant. However, two of the PMV1 strains isolated from feral ducks, are thought to present a deletion of about 25 bp inside this fragment as shown by the smaller length of the corresponding amplified product and the disappearance of the NarI restriction site. The advantages of this technique, as a first step in evaluating virulence by means of molecular biology, is discussed.

Allantois↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Isolation of a monoclonal antibody with specificity for commonly employed vaccine strains of Newcastle disease virus.

A monoclonal antibody, AVS-I, was produced from a hybridization of murine myeloma cells and splenocytes from mice immunized with the La Sota strain of Newcastle disease virus (NDV). The hybridoma producing AVS-I, selected from 184 NDV-positive supernatants, is one of two supernatants that reacted exclusively with lentogenic strains in an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. AVS-I can also be assayed by hemagglutination-inhibition (HI), which was used to test selected reference avian paramyxovirus (PMV) strains of types 1 to 3. NDV vaccines La Sota and B1 and field isolates from chickens, turkeys, pigeons, and cockatoos were also used as antigens. AVS-I had a high binding affinity for all La Sota and B1 strains, including vaccines. The antibody bound with a lower titer to the Australian Queensland V4 and Ulster strains, but it did not bind to the F strain, a lentogenic strain from England. AVS-I was HI-negative against the other PMV reference strains. AVS-I may be valuable for identifying field isolates antigenically similar to La Sota and B1 and rapidly differentiate those vaccine strains from more virulent viruses.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1983

Monoclonal antibodies to the HN glycoprotein of Newcastle disease virus. Biological characterization and use for strain comparisons.

We have isolated nine hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies directed against the HN glycoprotein of D26 strain of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and classified them into three groups by their biological reactivities. The group I antibodies from six clones had high hemagglutination inhibition (HI) and neutralization titers, and exhibited neuraminidase inhibition (NI) activity with substrates, both bovine fetuin and N-acetyl neuraminlactose, although the levels of maximum inhibition were greater with the former substrate. The group II antibodies from two clones also had high HI activity but showed a strongly substrate-dependent NI, with efficient inhibition against fetuin and a total lack of inhibition against neuraminlactose. These antibodies had neutralization capacity but the titers were much lower than those of group I antibodies. One clone (group III) secreted antibody which exhibited HI and NI with either substrate but no detectable neutralization activity. Frequency of isolation of antigenic variants and competitive binding assays have shown that group I and group II antibodies may recognize distinct regions not overlapping each other whereas antibodies placed within each of the two groups are to the respective same overlapping regions. The site of group III seemed to be close to or overlap the group I determinant but distinct from group II region. Using the isolated monoclonal antibodies we compared seven heterologous strains by HI and neutralization tests as well as by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results indicated that the regions recognized by group I antibodies would be conserved among the strains whereas those by the other two antibody groups might undergo considerable changes.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1994

Fusion between Newcastle disease virus and erythrocyte ghosts using octadecyl Rhodamine B fluorescence assay produces dequenching curves that fit the sum of two exponentials.

The kinetics of fusion between Newcastle disease virus and erythrocyte ghosts has been investigated with the octadecyl Rhodamine B chloride assay [Hoekstra, De Boer, Klappe, and Wilschut (1984) Biochemistry 23, 5675-5681], and the data from the dequenching curves were fitted by non-linear regression to currently used kinetic models. We used direct computer-assisted fitting of the dequenching curves to the mathematical equations. Discrimination between models was performed by statistical analysis of different fits. The experimental data fit the exponential model previously published [Nir, Klappe, and Hoekstra (1986) Biochemistry 25, 2155-2161] but we describe for the first time that the best fit was achieved for the sum of two exponential terms: A1[1-exp(-k1t)]+A2[1-exp(-k2t)]. The first exponential term represents a fast reaction and the second a slow dequenching reaction. These findings reveal the existence of two independent, but simultaneous, processes during the fusion assay. In order to challenge the model and to understand the meaning of both equation, fusion experiments were carried out under different conditions well known to affect viral fusion (changes in pH, temperature and ghost concentration, and the presence of disulphide-reducing agents or inhibitors of viral neuraminidase activity), and the same computer fitting scheme was followed. The first exponential equation represents the viral protein-dependent fusion process itself, because it is affected by the assay conditions. The second exponential equation accounts for a nonspecific reaction, because it is completely independent of the assay conditions and hence of the viral proteins. An interpretation of this second process is discussed in terms of probe transfer between vesicles.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Newcastle disease virus therapy of human tumor xenografts: antitumor effects of local or systemic administration.

Previously we showed that a single local injection of the avian paramyxovirus Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strain 73-T caused long-lasting, complete tumor regression of human neuroblastoma and fibrosarcoma xenografts in athymic mice. Here we report the antitumor effects of NDV administered by either the intratumoral (IT) route to treat a variety of human carcinoma xenografts or by the systemic (intraperitoneal, IP) route to treat neuroblastoma xenografts (6.5-12 mm in diameter). For IT treatments, mice were randomized into treatment groups and given a single IT injection of NDV 73-T, vehicle (phosphate buffered saline, PBS), or UV-inactivated NDV. For systemic therapy, mice (n=18) with subcutaneous IMR-32 human neuroblastoma xenografts received IP injections of NDV (5 x 10(9) PFU). Significant tumor growth inhibition (77-96%) was seen for epidermoid (KB8-5-11), colon (SW620 and HT29), large cell lung (NCIH460), breast (SKBR3), prostate (PC3), and low passage colon (MM17387) carcinoma xenografts treated IT with NDV. In all cases, tumors treated IT with PBS or replication-incompetent, UV-inactivated NDV displayed rapid tumor growth. After a single IP injection of NDV, complete regression of IMR-32 neuroblastomas was observed in 9 of 12 mice without recurrence for the 3-9 month follow-up period. Six mice with recurrent neuroblastomas after one IP injection received one to three additional IP treatments with NDV. Three of these six mice showed complete regression without recurrence. These data show that: (1) NDV administered either IT or IP is an effective antitumor therapy in this system, (2) replication competency is necessary for maximal effect, and (3) multiple NDV doses can be more effective than a single dose. These studies provide further rationale for the preclinical study of NDV as an oncolytic agent.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Efficacy of oil-emulsion vaccines prepared with pigeon paramyxovirus-1, Ulster, and La Sota Newcastle disease viruses.

Three strains of avian paramyxovirus-1 virus (PMV-1) were used to prepare four experimental monovalent oil-emulsion vaccines. A pigeon PMV-1 isolate (PPMV-1) and the Newcastle disease virus strains La Sota and Ulster were used to prepare four pools of beta-propiolactone-inactivated allantoic fluid for the vaccines. Groups of susceptible white rock chickens and racing homing pigeons were vaccinated subcutaneously with one of the vaccines, and their serologic responses were determined using the hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) test at frequent intervals up to 9 weeks postvaccination. Pigeons were challenged after 10 weeks with a virulent PPMV-1 isolate given intravenously, observed for signs of disease for 5 weeks, and then tested for secondary serologic HI responses. The HI responses were measured using the three strains of virus as HI test antigens. The titers were generally greater when the hemagglutination antigen used in the test was homologous with the antigen used to prepare the vaccine. All vaccines protected pigeons against morbidity and death but not against infection with the challenge virus. The shedding of PPMV-1 challenge virus from PPMV-1 vaccinates was greatly reduced 6 days after challenge.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Induction of interferon-alpha and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand in human blood mononuclear cells by hemagglutinin-neuraminidase but not F protein of Newcastle disease virus.

To determine molecular viral components which can induce innate immune responses in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), we investigated the anti-neoplastic agent Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and its two spike proteins hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) and fusion protein (F). NDV was an excellent inducer in PBMC of IFN-alpha production and capable of inducing upregulation of plasma membrane expression of tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL). Viral replication was not required for these responses because NDV inactivated for 5 min by UV was as good as live NDV. NDV-modified and paraformaldehyde-fixed BHK cells could also trigger IFN-alpha and TRAIL induction, indicating that contacts of responder cells with NDV-modified cell surfaces are sufficient to induce these activities in PBMC. Antibodies against HN but not F were able to block these responses. Finally we could show that HN but not F induced IFN-alpha and TRAIL in PBMC. This was possible through the use of respective gene transfectants generated with the help of Semliki Forest virus (SFV) replicase-based DNA recombinant expression systems. Upon contact with BHK cells expressing HN but not F at their cell surface, human PBMC produced IFN-alpha and some cells, including monocytes and T lymphocytes, upregulated cell surface TRAIL expression.

Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins↗
PubMed2005

Interaction between live avian pneumovirus and Newcastle disease virus vaccines in specific pathogen free chickens.

One-day-old specific pathogen free White Leghorn chicks were vaccinated with live avian pneumovirus (APV) vaccine, live Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccine or both. At intervals up to 28 days after vaccination, distribution of the virus in the tissues was studied, together with humoral and mucosal antibody responses in lachrymal fluid and tracheal washes. APV vaccine was detected for almost twice as long in the dual vaccinates as in the single vaccinates. Higher numbers of isolations of ND virus vaccine were obtained from the dual rather than the single vaccinates at 7 days post-vaccination but the reverse occurred at 14 days. APV serum antibodies were significantly lower in the dual rather than the single vaccinates. However, there were similar levels of local APV-specific IgA in the lachrymal fluids of both single and dual APV vaccinates. NDV serum antibody titres in the dual vaccinates were significantly higher than in the singly NDV-vaccinated chickens. It appears that simultaneous vaccination of chicks with live APV and NDV vaccines causes temporary suppression of APV vaccine proliferation and reduces humoral antibody responses to it, although the antibody response to NDV is enhanced.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Attempts at the detection of antibodies to Newcastle disease virus by haemofusion-inhibition test.

Two modifications of a haemofusion-inhibition test (HFI-1 and HFI-2) were applied for the titration of antibodies to Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in chicken sera. Statistical analysis revealed a positive correlation of the HFI-1 antibody titres with those measured by the standard haemagglutination-inhibition (HI), virus neutralization (VN) and haemolysis-inhibition (HLI) tests. The same appeared true when the HFI-2 antibody titres were compared with the HI, VN, and HLI tests. Except for the several sera collected from birds immunized with formalin-inactivated vaccine, the HFI-2 antibody titres of individual serum samples were usually lower than those determined by HFI-1. The interpretation of these differences as well as some advantages and disadvantages of the proposed test are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

The synergistic neutralization of Newcastle disease virus by two monoclonal antibodies to its haemagglutinin-neuraminidase protein.

Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to 2 epitopes on the haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein of the Ulster strain of Newcastle disease virus neutralized synergistically: MAbs to HN-1 and HN-2 neutralized 1.2 and 1.7 log10 infectious units (i.u.) of virus when single as compared to 4.1 when combined. Although MAb to HN-1 but not to HN-2 inhibited haemagglutination they both neutralized more virus on desialyzed cells compared to normal cells and were considered to have interfered with viral attachments in a cooperative manner when combined. A third MAb to fusion (F) protein reduced infectivity by five log10 i.u. HN-1, HN-2 and F were not the only immunodominant epitopes because mutants, which simultaneously lacked all 3 epitopes, were indistinguishable from wild type when neutralized by polyclonal mouse, rabbit or chicken antiserum to whole virus.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1986

Induction of antibodies against Newcastle disease virus with syngeneic anti-idiotype antibodies in mice.

Anti-idiotype antibodies were induced by injecting BALB/c mice with syngeneic antibody against the hemagglutinin of Newcastle disease virus (NDV). These anti-idiotype antibodies were purified and injected into syngeneic mice. Anti-anti-idiotype sera thus prepared contained antibodies against the hemagglutinin of NDV. This NDV-mouse experimental system might provide a good experimental model for investigation of basic problems of idiotype vaccine.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Analysis of membrane protein topography of Newcastle disease virus and cultured mammalian fibroblasts.

Diagonal electrophoresis, in conjunction with crosslinking by dimethyl-3,3'-dithiobispropionimidate (DTBP), has been used to probe membrane protein topography of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and cultured mammalian fibroblasts (LM cells). Analysis of DTBP-treated NDV revealed crosslinking between a nucleocapsid protein, VP3, and an externally displayed glycoprotein, VP1, possessing hemagglutination and neuraminidase activities. Similar analysis of LM cells iodinated by the lactoperoxidase method indicated nearest-neighbor interactions of a noncovalent nature involving a major cell surface protein of 72,000 molecular weight. These studies illustrate the feasibility of this methodology for the study of membrane protein disposition in complex systems.

Capsid↗