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At least 919 records · Page 51Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Three-dimensional assessment of the hip joint by two-directional arthrography.

This retrospective study involved assessment of the three-dimensional bony and cartilaginous cover of the hip acetabular shelf of the hip joint using arthrograms. The extent of lateral and anteroposterior cover, the time course of the changes of cover in each direction, and the relationship between lateral and anteroposterior cover were investigated. It was found that the final extent of acetabular cover could be predicted sooner from the cartilaginous cover than from the bony cover on both the contralateral side and the affected side. There was no significant correlation between lateral and anteroposterior cover on the contralateral side, suggesting the need for assessment of anteroposterior cover to avoid a late diagnosis of anterior acetabular dysplasia.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1982

Contents and compositions of glycosaminoglycans in different sites of the human hip joint cartilage.

The distribution of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in different functional regions (weight-bearing and nonweight-bearing portions) of the human hip joint cartilage was studied. The results obtained were as follows: (1) Weight-bearing cartilage contains larger amounts of GAGs than nonweight-bearing, cartilage. (2) Weight-bearing cartilage contains keratan sulphate in higher ratio to chondroitin sulphate than nonweight-bearing cartilage. (3) The differences in content and composition of GAGs between the weight-bearing and nonweight-bearing portions are more pronounced in the femoral head than in the acetabulum. The preliminary analyses showed that the chondroitin sulphate from the acetabular cartilage contained exclusively 6-sulphated disaccharide units and there was some heterogeneity in keratan sulphate.

Acetabulum↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Requirements for design of total prosthesis of the hip joint].

Analysis of the forces acting on the total endoprosthesis of the hip joint and studies carried out for 16 years of the outcomes of 546 operations have demonstrated the position at an angle of 25-40 degrees to the horizontal to be the best variant of establishing the nest of an endoprosthesis. There is a necessity of designing endoprostheses having a cervico-diaphysial angle of 145-150 degrees.

Hip Prosthesis↗
PubMed1982

Influence of the hip joint position on the intraosseous pressures in the juxta-articular bones. An experimental investigation in dogs.

In 6 mongrel dogs (eleven hips) the intraosseous pressure was measured in the femoral head as well as acetabulum in various hip joint positions. The control position for the measurements was 90 degrees flexion in which the pressures were found low and stable. The intraosseous pressure in both locations were subjected to consistent pronounced variations when the joint position was altered. In the femoral head, significant pressure increases (p less than or equal to 0.01) were found in maximal extension, maximal flexion, maximal adduction, 90 degrees external rotation, 45 degrees internal rotation, and maximal internal rotation. The pressure in acetabulum rose significantly in maximum flexion, 45 degrees internal rotation, and maximum internal rotation, whereas the pressure increase in maximal extension and maximum adduction was consistent but not significant. The pressure increase is most probably caused by inhibition of the venous drainage changing the bone hemodynamics in the juxta-articular bones. A complete obstruction of venous drainage was not observed since the intraosseous pressure in none of the measurements reached the level of the arterial pressure.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1975

[Influence of the bone-cement mixing time on hypotonic blood circulation reactions in hip-joint replacement surgery].

The amount of methylmethacrylatemonomer that is released into the blood-stream, during the alloplastic replacement of the hip-joint, depends on the time taken to prepare the bone cement(so-called extracorporeal polymerization-time). In vitro experiments reveal that the release of monomers depends on the preparation time. Gas-chromatographic monomer determinations show, that by prolongation of the preparation time from 2 to 5 minutes, the amount of monomer released into the blood-stream is decreased by a factor of 7. With the increase in preparation time the number of hypotonic circulatory reactions caused by the monomers will decrease. Extension of the extracorporeal polymerization-time from 2 to 5 minutes decreases the incidence of intra-operative circulatory depressions from 95% to 26%. These results were obtained by intra-arterial measurements of the blood pressure in the radial artery.

Blood Circulation↗
PubMed1975

[The electromyographical behaviour of gluteal and adductive musculature in the arthrodesis simulation test of the hip joint (author's transl)].

It has been demonstrated through special arthrodesis simulation tests that in the area of monarticular muscles of a stiffened hip joint criteria are reflected electromyographically for various arthrodesis positions, above all in the frontal plane, in addition to those criteria for inactivity atrophy. As our arthrodesis simulation tests have shown, these changes are demonstrable immediately after stiffening occurs.

Arthrodesis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Investigation of alcohol metabolizing enzyme genes in Chinese alcoholics with avascular necrosis of hip joint, pancreatitis and cirrhosis of the liver.

AIMS AND METHODS: Alcoholism may cause a range of diseases including avascular necrosis of the hip joint (AVN), cirrhosis of the liver, pancreatitis and oesophageal carcinoma. Chinese alcoholic patients diagnosed with AVN have a higher incidence of cirrhosis than of acute pancreatitis or oesophageal cancer. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate genetic differences in polymorphisms of the alcohol-metabolizing enzymes ADH2, ADH3, ALDH2 and P4502E1 for subgroups of Chinese alcoholic patients, defined by diagnoses of AVN (n = 51), acute pancreatitis (n = 92) and liver cirrhosis (n = 159), and for 280 non-alcoholic patients. RESULTS: Analysis revealed that ADH2*1 allele frequency was significantly lower for the alcoholic AVN than for the cirrhosis subgroup. However, no significant difference was found between the alcoholic AVN and pancreatitis subgroups. Furthermore, ALDH2*2 prevalence was not found to differ significantly between the alcoholic subgroups. When compared with our previously published data for alcoholic patients with oesophageal carcinoma, ADH2*1 carriage was significantly less frequent for the alcoholic AVN patients in the current study. Further, ALDH2*2 carriage was significantly less frequent for the alcoholic AVN subgroup than for the oesophageal carcinoma patients. CONCLUSIONS: The allele frequencies for ADH2*1 and ALDH2*2 are different when comparing subpopulations of alcoholics defined by presence of specific alcohol-induced diseases, suggesting that genetic variation in alcohol-metabolizing enzyme genes accounts for, at least in part, the specific types of organ damage observed. We also found the combination of AVN and cirrhosis to be more prevalent than that of AVN and acute pancreatitis. In contrast, the ADH2 and ALDH2 allele frequencies for the AVN subgroup were more similar to those of the acute-pancreatitis than to the cirrhosis subgroup. These data indicate the possibility that other genetic variations may also influence the type of organ-specific complications in Chinese alcoholics.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Complications after total endoprosthesis of the hip joint].

On the grounds of the literature data and his own findings the author analyzes the complications occurring in total endoprothetics of the hip joint. The following complications were observed: formation of para-articular ossifications (7), wound infection (1), dislocation of the endoprothesis socket from the acetabulum (1), fracture of the femur (2), laxity of the prothesis pedicle (1), thrombophlebitis (2), postoperative bleeding (1). Various aspects of this problem are covered in the article.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Post-traumatic hemarthrosis of the hip joint. Pathophysiolgic significance and therapeutic consequences].

A correlation between the intra-articular pressure in the hip joint and blood flow in the femoral head has been demonstrated in both experimental and clinical data. A small effusion volume (2.5 cc) is capable of causing pathological pressure values, depending upon the position of the joints, although the highest volume capacity in the hip is well over 10 cc. Relief of post-traumatic tension hemarthrosis seems to be an essential therapeutic step, as it may prevent necrosis of the femoral head.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed2001

[Magnetic resonance arthrography of the hip joint in patients with suspected rupture of labrum acetabulare].

INTRODUCTION: MR arthrography by direct joint puncture and instillation of contrast medium is a minimally-invasive diagnostic technique in patients with suspected acetabular labral tear. The joint is distended, and the intraarticular structures are well separated. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 31 patients with chronic hip joint pain underwent MR arthrography by direct joint puncture and instillation of diluted gadolinium to evaluate the glenoid labrum. RESULTS: The glenoid labrum was seen in all patients. Labral tear was found in ten patients. Two of these underwent arthroscopy, and the tears were verified. We also found other causes of hip pain. One patient with villonodular synovitis at MR arthrography was verified at arthroscopy. INTERPRETATION: MR arthrography is a promising diagnostic technique for evaluating the acetabular labrum.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1984

[Pathologic fractures of the hip joint].

28 patients underwent surgical treatment because of pathological fractures of the hip joint. 13 patients suffered from fractures of the femur because of benign tumours, whereas surgical treatment became necessary because of malignant tumours or because of fractures caused by metastases in 15 patients. Special attention is drawn to six patients out of the latter group. In these cases, spontaneous femoral fracture was caused by weakness subsequent to irradiation of malignant genital tumours. The results of our treatment were generally good in the first group. Poor results or even failure of treatment occurred comparatively often in the patients of the second group. The patients of the second group underwent surgical treatment mainly to reduce or eliminate pain, to regain mobility, to facilitate care and, last but not least, to shorten the hospitalisation period. Whenever possible, we tried to carry out complete surgery in both groups in respect of stability and function, because we believe that combined surgical and chemotherapeutical treatment can relieve the effects and arrest the progress of malignant disease and may exercise an influence on the survival time.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed2004

Progressive subluxation of the hip joint in a child with hereditary multiple exostosis.

We describe the treatment and follow-up of a case of hereditary multiple exostosis in a 16-year-old girl, who had intraarticular and extraarticular osteochondromas in the right hip joint which caused hip subluxation. These osteochondromas were excised, the femoral head was located concentrically, and the patient was put in a spica cast for 6 weeks. Six months later, hip magnetic resonance imaging showed no evidence of avascular necrosis. Three years after the operation the patient walked freely, without pain, and there was satisfying coverage of the femoral head. The authors emphasize that careful attention should be given to the surgical technique prior to extraarticular and intraarticular acetabular osteochondroma excision in order to avoid the development of avascular necrosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Post-mortem study of the hip joint. II. Histological basis for limited and progressive cartilage alterations.

This histological study is based on a macroscopical study of post-mortem hip joints (Byers, Contepomi, and Farkas, 1970) in which two categories of articular cartilage alterations, in addition to osteophytes, were described. One category consisted of 'limited' alterations which occurred frequently, had several subcategories, and rarely led to joint deformity. The other consisted of progressive alterations which caused bone exposure and joint deformity. Histological sections from both groups, including all the subcategories of the first, were studied. Initially the mechanisms that destroy cartilage were determined, and then their prevalence was assessed. Six mechanisms were found, all occurring in the group of limited alterations with varying prevalence and in varying combinations. Only one, fibrillation, occurred in the progressive group.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1985

Spinal and pelvic kinematics in osteoarthrosis of the hip joint.

Angular displacement of the pelvis and the lumbar spine was measured in a group of 19 patients with unilateral osteoarthrosis of the hip joint and a group of 10 control subjects of similar ages for comparison, and the means for each were calculated. All of the patients showed an increase in both sagittal plane (P less than 0.005) and coronal plane (P less than 0.01) movements of the pelvis, when compared with the control group. Two patterns of spinal movement were evident. One group showed a significant decrease in coronal plane movements and the other group showed a significant increase in coronal plane movements. Characteristic patterns of movement were identified and the variations between different patients recorded.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

[Preoperative planning and surgical technic in achieving stability and leg length equality in total hip joint arthroplasty].

One of the prerequisites for a good outcome of total hip arthroplasty is preoperative planning. Using a roentgenogram, the size of an implant, incision level on the femoral neck, depth required for fitting the cup, restoration of the center of hip rotation and, if necessary, correction of length descrepancy between the legs are determined. The preoperative planning based on an X-ray image was introduced by M. E. Müller and, in 1976, was modified by R. Schneider who used a transparent sheet for a template on which all relevant points guiding the surgical procedure are marked, i.e., the right position for implantation of the cup and stem, and incision lines. In uncomplicated cases, however, this approach is not necessary and the "planning principle of parallel lines" developed by L. Spotorno in 1988 can be used instead. The determination of length discrepancy between the legs is derived from a drawing of three reference lines on the roentgenogram. The lines parallel to each other indicace the same length for both legs. If the legs differ in length, the lines will diverge from each other in a way typical for this condition.

Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip↗