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PubMedDate not supplied

Fractures of C1 and C2 in an infant gazelle: a model of the human fracture pattern.

Spontaneously occurring fractures of the anterior and posterior synchondroses of C1 and the superior facet of C2 of an immature mammal were analyzed. The posterior C1 injury showed comminution, with involvement of both sides of the synchondrosis. Just below the anterior C1 fracture was an incomplete, comminuted fracture of the C2 superior facet. These fractures, especially the C1 injury, appear similar to the radiographic injury patterns in skeletally immature humans. Presumably the histologic failure patterns in the child would also be similar.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Superior blowout fracture of the orbit: the blowup fracture.

We describe a patient who sustained a blowout fracture of the superior orbital roof without an orbital rim fracture. The initial CT study (obtained with 10-mm-thick sections) did not show herniation of the intraorbital fat into the anterior cranial fossa; however, thin (3-mm-thick) direct orbital sections showed a fracture of the midportion of the superomedial orbital roof with displacement of the fracture fragment into the anterior cranial fossa.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed2005

Trapezium fracture associated with occult fracture of the proximal pole of the scaphoid.

There has been no case of simultaneous fracture of the trapezium and the proximal pole of the scaphoid. We have treated a case with this combination. The fracture of the proximal pole of the scaphoid was only found on computed tomography imaging. We performed accurate reduction and fixation of both fractures with cannulated headless compression screws in a minimally invasive technique. We obtained rigid initial fixation and good clinical and radiographical results.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

A Chance's fracture in a double level fracture of the spine.

We describe a case which combines two interesting and unusual lesions. Our patient suffered a Chance's fracture of the L1 vertebra combined with a fracture of the C2 vertebra. Her recovery was uneventful. Double fractures of the spine are infrequent and are easily overlooked. The present diagnostic and therapeutic problems.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed2000

Role of surgical reduction of condylar fractures in the management of panfacial fractures.

We present nine panfacial fractures that were treated during a two-year period in which the first step in treatment was reduction of condylar fractures. There was no evidence of dental or skeletal alterations and measurement of the mandibular ramus and radiographic examination show that posterior facial height as well as projection and width of the inferior lower third of the face, was restored. The correct timing of surgical intervention and the use of rigid fixation allows the restoration of the morphological and functional nature of the face after panfacial fractures.

Facial Bones↗
PubMed1987

Open reduction and internal fixation of radial head fractures associated with olecranon fracture or dislocation.

Six fracture dislocations or dislocations of the olecranon associated with radial head fractures were treated with open reduction and internal fixation of the radial head. The olecranon was reduced and if fractured (three cases) was internally fixed. Postoperatively, early active range of motion was achieved in all cases. Twelve to 48 months after surgery, there was an average loss of 18 degrees of elbow extension and 56 degrees of forearm rotation. An average of 132 degrees of flexion was maintained. There was no elbow instability or wrist pain.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2007

Fractured neck of femur in a child after femoral fracture fixation by intramedullary flexible nails: a case report.

Since the introduction of flexible intramedullary nails, the treatment of femoral shaft fractures in adolescents has been revolutionized and this has become the routine treatment in most units, with minimal complications. We report a rare complication of an ipsilateral fractured neck of femur in a fit and healthy 12-year-old girl 6 months after treatment of a traumatic fractured femoral shaft; this was treated effectively with cannulated screws and the patient was successfully discharged without any further complication.

Bone Nails↗
PubMed1982

Subtrochanteric fracture after Garden screw fixation of subcapital fractures.

Ten cases of a complication of Garden screw fixation of subcapital fracture, namely subtrochanteric fracture through the lower screw hole, are presented. Their possible aetiology, prevention and difficulties in management are discussed. It is recommended that, during the insertion of Garden screws, care should be taken to avoid multiple attempts at passing the guide wire. If subtrochanteric fracture occurs internal fixation with a nail plate or screw plate is advised. Ideally the nail or screw should be inserted along the track of one of the existing screws.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Fracture stiffness as a guide to the management of tibial fractures.

We have studied the progression of healing in 103 unstable fractures of the tibia. In 76 patients we removed the external fixator once the stiffness had reached 15 Nm/degrees in the sagittal plane. Deformity at the site of the fracture subsequently occurred in four patients. In a further 27, we measured stiffness in several planes and removed the fixator only when the stiffness reached 15 Nm/degrees in each. We found that stiffness in two orthogonal planes may differ widely (maximum difference 9.0 Nm/degrees, mean 4.1 Nm/degrees). There were no failures in the second group. We advocate that fracture stiffness be measured in two orthogonal planes when assessing tibial healing and suggest that values above 15 Nm/degrees in two planes give an indication that it is safe to remove the fixator.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Tibial fractures involving the ankle in children. The so-called triplane epiphyseal fracture.

Triplane fractures of the distal end of the tibia in fifteen children (average age, thirteen years) represented 6 per cent of 237 consecutive epiphyseal fractures of the ankle. Thirteen children were treated by closed methods (including manipulation) and two had open reduction of the fractures. At an average of twenty-six months after injury, three of fourteen patients showed roentgenographic evidence of premature symmetrical epiphyseal closure with less than 0.5 centimeter of shortening and no angular deformity. Of twelve children examined clinically, three had a 5 to 10-degree external rotation deformity and one patient also had an articular incongruity due to inadequate reduction. In the five cases in which tomograms were used to the medial malleolus, and the anteromedial part of the epiphysis. The lateral fragment included the remainder of the epiphysis together with a piece of posterior metaphysis with attached fibula.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Classification of fractures and problems in proximal humeral fractures].

Complex fractures of the proximal humerus may be difficult to assess and treat. Open or closed reduction and fixation may lead to malunion, nonunion, and/or avascular necrosis. Conversely, hemiarthroplasty also does not always result in satisfactory functional results. Various classifications have been established to compare the results of treatment and assist in decision making. The most commonly used classifications are those of Neer and the AO/ASIF group both of which appear to overestimate the relevance of avascular necrosis and underestimate the relevance of malunion. Because of the inter- and intraobserver variability in classifying these fractures, there is the potential for a wide variety of treatment recommendations, and predicting the prognosis becomes less accurate. Further work should be done in standardizing the classifications of proximal humerus fractures and defining the necessary X-ray projections.

Fracture Fixation, Internal↗
PubMed1982

Treatment of pathologic fractures or impending fractures of the humerus with Rush rods and methylmethacrylate. Experience with 55 cases in 54 patients, 1968-1977.

A retrospective study of 54 patients with established or impending pathologic humeral fractures was done to evaluate the technique of intramedullary fixation with a Rush rod, during the period from 1968 to 1977. Breast carcinoma, multiple myeloma, and hypernephroma were the most common metastatic tumors. Primary tumors included Ewing's sarcoma and a low-grade chondrosarcoma, in which case the patient refused any other form of treatment. An anterolateral incision was used to expose the fracture site and a deltoid-splitting incision to introduce the Rush rod. Thirty-eight of the 55 procedures utilized methylmethacrylate to help stabilize the fracture. All patients had relief of their preoperative pain after the procedure. Seven patients subsequently experienced pain: four had proximal migration of the Rush rod with impingement, three of which required removal of the Rush rod; three other patients had discomfort two years postoperatively. All patients except one had good functional motion. Six patients had complications: three with proximal migration of the Rush rod, two with transient subluxation of the humeral head, and one with limited glenohumeral motion secondary to a technical error. This procedure provides significant pain relief and maintains function.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Supracondylar fracture of the humerus in children with concomitant fracture of the ipsilateral forearm].

The mode of treatment used in 6 cases of combined supracondylar fracture of the humerus and ipsilateral forearm fracture is presented. Results were rated good, fair and poor according to both functional and radiological assessments. Three cases were good and 3 fair. One stage reduction of both fractures with plaster of Paris immobilization or olecranon traction has been performed. The results achieved are corresponding with those presented in the bibliography.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Subcapital femoral neck fracture following open reduction and internal fixation of an intertrochanteric hip fracture using a sliding screw and side plate.

This case report illustrates a subcapital femoral neck fracture following application of a compression screw and side plate to treat an intertrochanteric hip fracture. This is an uncommon complication in the management of intertrochanteric hip fractures. The authors describe steps in this surgical technique that minimize the possibility of this complication.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Pathological fractures of the proximal femur with impending shaft fractures treated by THR and cemented intramedullary nailing: a report of nine cases.

We have used total hip replacement combined with cemented intramedullary nailing to treat a selected group of nine patients with pathological fractures of the proximal femur and impending fractures of the shaft due to metastases. One patient died from cardiopulmonary failure on the third postoperative day, but the others were able to walk within the first week after operation. Complications included one recurrent dislocation of the THR and one fracture of an osteolytic lesion of the femoral shaft during nail insertion. Both were managed successfully. The hybrid osteosynthesis which we describe is an alternative to the use of tumour or long-stem prostheses; it has the advantage of preserving bone stock and muscle attachments.

Adult↗