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At least 919 records · Page 51Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Comparison of four different serological methods for detection of antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi in erythema migrans.

Three different enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and Western blot were compared in regard to the detection of antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi in sera from 100 patients with erythema migrans and from 100 controls. For IgG detection, a commercial indirect ELISA kit with flagellum antigen (flagellum ELISA) was significantly more sensitive than the routinely-used indirect ELISA with sonicated whole-cell antigen (sonicate ELISA) (p = 0.008). The difference in positivity in the IgM test was of borderline significance (p = 0.058). An IgM antibody-capture ELISA with sonicated whole-cell antigen (capture ELISA) was significantly more sensitive than either the IgM sonicate ELISA (p less than 0.001) or IgM flagellum ELISA (p less than 0.001). With the Western blot pattern chosen as the criterion for positivity, IgM Western blot was at least equal to IgM capture ELISA in terms of the number of positive erythema migrans sera, but a frequent discrepancy between these two tests was noted as to positivity in individual sera. IgG Western blot was considered to be of less value for the diagnosis of current disease due to a high occurrence of positivity among controls.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Erythema nodosum leprosum and HIV infection: A therapeutic experience.

The relationship between leprosy and HIV infection is not yet fully understood, as not much is known about the natural history of the co-infected patients. The matter has become more confusing because of conflicting reports. Type-1 lepra reactions and neuritis appear to be severe and more frequent among them. But erythema nodosum leprosum too is not as uncommon among these patients as it was once thought. Management of these co-infected patients is often difficult for want of clear-cut guidelines on clinical care. We report here our experience of treating recurrent, severe erythema nodosum leprosum in a patient concurrently having leprosy and HIV infection. Early institution of antiretroviral therapy appears to provide an edge in improving the therapeutic outcome for him. It also suggests a direct and more complex interplay of HIV and Mycobacterium leprae infection.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Erythema nodosum leprosum necroticans in a child--an unusual manifestation.

Erythema nodosum leprosum necroticans is an uncommon manifestation of type 2 lepra reaction, encountered in lepromatous and borderline lepromatous cases of leprosy. We report an unusual clinical presentation of necrotic erythema nodosum leprosum in a 9-year-old boy with no pre-existing evidence of leprosy. The lesions resolved completely following multi-bacilliary multi-drug therapy for 12 months, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and corticosteroids.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗
PubMed1991

[Necrolytic migratory erythema as the first manifestation of glucagonoma].

A 49-year-old woman suffered from recurrent episodes of necrolytic migratory erythema over the lower legs, lower abdomen, and buttocks for more than two years. Stomatitis, glossitis and vaginitis were the accompanying symptoms and signs during each episode. The result of skin biopsy revealed superficial necrosis in the upper half of the epidermis. Laboratory examinations revealed mild glucose intolerance and hypoaminoacidemia. Fasting plasma glucagon level measured by radioimmunoassay was 890 pg/mL. Oral glucose loading test showed a paradoxical increase in plasma glucagon level up to 1,500 pg/mL. Abdominal echo, computerized axial tomography, and celiac angiography demonstrated a hypervascular tumor, 4 cm in diameters, located at the pancreatic head. Glucagonoma syndrome was confirmed and diagnosed. The patient underwent surgical resection of the tumor mass. Necrolytic migratory erythema disappeared thereafter, and the plasma glucagon level declined to 120 pg/mL. Histologically, the tumor revealed an islet cell carcinoma composed of moderately uniform cells with a few mitosis, arranged in cords and nests. Abundant characteristic secretory granules of the pancreatic A cell were found within the tumor cells by electron microscopic examination.

Erythema↗
PubMed2006

[A case of Turner syndrome complicated with Crohn's disease, erythema nodosum and Hashimoto disease].

A 26-year-old woman, who had had Turner syndrome from age 10 years old, had diarrhea, fever, joint pain, and erythema in the lower left leg. She was given a diagnosis of Crohn's disease, erythema nodosum, and Hashimoto disease. Systemic steroid therapy was very effective for both intestinal and skin lesions. It has been reported that half of inflammatory bowel disease patients with Turner syndrome have 46XiX (q) type chromosome abnormality, and this case also has this type of abnormality.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Erythema elevatum diutinum arising in the setting of dermatitis herpetiformis.

Dermatitis herpetiformis is an autoimmune blistering disease characterized by granular deposits of immunoglobulin A (IgA) in dermal papillae. Erythema elevatum diutinum is a chronic form of vasculitis associated with IgA paraproteinemia. We report a patient with dermatitis herpetiformis who developed characteristic erythema elevatum diutinum lesions on the elbows and knees despite sulfone therapy. We speculate that the different patterns of IgA deposition in the skin account for the clinical manifestation of these 2 uncommon disorders.

Dermatitis Herpetiformis↗
PubMed2006

Erythema multiforme.

Erythema multiforme is a skin condition considered to be a hypersensitivity reaction to infections or drugs. It consists of a polymorphous eruption of macules, papules, and characteristic "target" lesions that are symmetrically distributed with a propensity for the distal extremities. There is minimal mucosal involvement. Management involves treating the existing infectious agent or discontinuing the causal drug. Mild cases resolve without sequelae and do not require treatment. Recurrent cases have been prevented with continuous acyclovir. Patients who have no response to acyclovir may have a response to valacyclovir or famcilovir, which have greater oral bioavailability and more convenient dosing. Patients with recurrent erythema multiforme despite suppressive antiviral therapy should be referred to a dermatologist for further treatment.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1992

Skin reactions to radiotherapy--a spectrum resembling erythema multiforme: case report and review of the literature.

Eruptions resembling erythema multiforme associated with radiotherapy are rare. Although several case reports are cited in the older literature, only recently has this phenomenon been described in patients receiving external beam radiation therapy both with and without contributory concurrent medications. The eruption typically begins within the radiation port and then generalizes; it is usually self-limited, but serious and fatal outcomes are reported. We review the literature and report a case of an eruption resembling erythema multiforme associated with external beam irradiation and 5-fluorouracil.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

A comparative study of fabric protection against ultraviolet-induced erythema determined by spectrophotometric and human skin measurements.

Historically, a textile's ability to protect against ultraviolet radiation (UVR)-induced erythema has been based on its UVR transmission. However, due to the nonuniformity of the fabric structure of a textile and its resultant nonuniform transmission, the above prediction may not hold. The fabric protection factors (FPF) of 5 metal meshes, to simulate the weave pattern and yarn dimensions of typical fabrics, and 6 textiles with variable construction (woven and knitted), fibre type and dye were determined using a spectrophotometric assay and human skin testing. All 5 meshs and 5 of the 6 textiles allowed spectrophotometric prediction of their FPF compared with off-skin (2 mm) human testing. However, on-skin human testing FPF were generally significantly lower than both the off-skin and spectrophotometric estimates. Although evidence is presented that the nonuniform nature of a textile's structure does influence its FPF predictability, in practice, properly conducted spectrophotometric analysis may yield the most typical indication of the protectiveness of a fabric against UVR-induced erythema.

Erythema↗
PubMed1977

[Dupuytren's contracture and palmar erythema in alcoholic cirrhosis].

Three comparable groups were studied : 100 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis, 100 alcoholics without cirrhosis, and 100 subjects without either alcoholism or cirrhosis. Dupuytren's contracture was noted in 43% of cases in group I, 34% in group 2, and in 14% of group 3. There was no parallel between the frequency of Dupuytren's contracture and the severity of the liver involvement. Palmar erythema was noted in 34% of cases of group 1, 23% of cases of group 2, 12% of cases of group 3. Dupuytren's contracture has a genetic background, but its clinical expression is facilitated by metabolic causes, the most frequent being chronic alcoholism. Palmar erythema appears to be a sign of severe liver disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Erythema multiforme minor in children.

Erythema multiforme minor is an acute, self-limited cutaneous or mucocutaneous disorder. Although it most commonly afflicts young adults, it is also frequently seen in children. An antecedent infection with herpes simplex virus is often the precipitating factor. Recent studies detailing the usual clinical course and histologic features of erythema multiforme minor, together with investigative studies examining potential pathomechanisms, have begun to provide a clearer picture of this disease process such that a more rational approach to therapy is now possible.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1990

[Infection with parvovirus B19: typical course of erythema infectiosum and its complications].

Severe chronic anemia, transitory aplastic crisis (TAC), and lethal hydrops fetalis may be due to an infection with parvovirus B19 i.e. the causative agent of erythema infectiosum. 80% of the patients infected with B19 develop clinical symptoms and typically show the picture of erythema infectiosum--as one of our case reports (daughter) is going to illustrate. Part of the cases, however, take a course without the characteristic slapped-face rash; here we frequently find acute arthritis and arthralgia, as well as fever and rubella-like or purpura-like rashes, predominantly on the smaller joints (mother). In immuno-compromised patients, those with hematologic disorders, as well as in pregnancy, the diseases may take a life-threatening course. In the cases without the characteristic rash, the diagnosis has to be proved by the detection of either antibodies against parvovirus B19 or the virus itself; however, the test kits required are not readily available. Since there is no generally accepted treatment of the infection, as yet, the most important measure on the medical side is the prevention of the infection by means of isolation and other procedures. The problem we face here, however, is the fact that the danger of infection is highest during the viremic phase of the disease, when the patient is still asymptomatic.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1991

[Erythema nodosum in Chlamydia pneumoniae infection].

Chlamydia pneumonia is now recognized as a species of the Chlamydia genus distinct from C psittaci and C trachomatis species. It is a common cause of pneumonia and other acute respiratory tract infections. We describe a patient with erythema nodosum secondary to infection with C pneumoniae. Since this agent usually causes a mild illness, with no distinct clinical findings, we recommend adding serological tests for C pneumoniae to other relevant laboratory investigations in patients with erythema nodosum.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Anti-Borrelia burgdorferi antibodies in chronic erythema migrans, benign lymphadenosis cutis, scleroderma and scleroatrophic lichen].

Fiftyone patients with a diagnosis of erythema chronicum migrans (ECM), lymphadenosis cutis benigna (LABC), systemic progressive sclerosis, localized scleroderma and lichen sclerosus et atrophicans were investigated in order to obtain serological evaluation of Borrelia burgdorferi circulating antibodies. In addition sera from 9 patients with pellagroid erythema, prurigo and panniculitis were performed: in these dermatoses there was no evidence of a possible borrelia relationship. Indirect immunofluorescence assay was used for serologic testing. Elevated IgG antibody titers were detected in one female patient with localized scleroderma (1:128) and in one male patient with LABC (1:64). Serologic testing was not positive in the other 58 patients. The very small number of patients with positive antibodies in our study would indicate that Borrelia burgdorferi infection is sporadic in Lazio.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1990

Acral erythemas induced by chemotherapy and graft-versus-host disease in adults with hematogenous malignancies.

Acral erythema is being seen with increasing frequency in patients with hematologic malignancies, because of the administration of more aggressive high-dosage chemotherapy and the increasing use of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, which may be followed by the development of cutaneous graft-versus-host disease. The varieties induced by both drugs and graft-versus-host disease are grossly similar but can be differentiated on the basis of symptoms, medical history, and response to therapy. Each also has to be differentiated from the painless palmar erythema commonly associated with pregnancy and with chronic liver disease. When making such a diagnosis, attention to the clinical history and an awareness of the points of distinction will help the physician to determine the precipitating cause and initiate appropriate treatment promptly.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

Occupational risk of human parvovirus B19 infection for school and day-care personnel during an outbreak of erythema infectiosum.

Human parvovirus B19, the cause of erythema infectiosum, has recently been associated with adverse fetal outcomes. During a large outbreak of erythema infectiosum in Connecticut, a survey was conducted on 571 (90%) of 634 school and day-care personnel to determine the risk of acquiring B19 infection. Serologic evidence of B19 infection was determined by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Of the school and day-care personnel, 58% had evidence of previous B19 infection. The minimal rate of B19 infection in susceptible personnel during the outbreak was 19%. The risk was increased for teachers and day-care providers who had contact with younger children and with greater numbers of ill children. These results suggest that B19 infection is an occupational risk for school and day-care personnel.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Erythema nodosum and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

We describe a case of erythema nodosum associated with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The course and resolution of the erythema nodosum correlated most closely with a breakdown and release of new antigen at the start of a new regimen of chemotherapy.

Adult↗