Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Capitalism”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 919 records · Page 51Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Results following sub-capital and Imhäuser-Weber osteotomy in femur head epiphyseolysis].

63 slipped capital femoral epiphysis were treated either by a femoral neck osteotomy or by an intertrochanteric osteotomy. In almost all cases a normal anatomical relationship of the proximal capital femoral epiphysis to the neck of the femur was achieved. At an average follow-up of 10 years (2 to 19 years) 90% were rated good to excellent clinically. In 33 hips with a follow-up period of more than 10 years mild degenerative arthritis was present in 36%. Slipping of 60 degrees or less is best treated by an intertrochanteric osteotomy to avoid the higher complication rate in the femoral neck osteotomy.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Bilateral palmar instability with dislocation between the capitate and lunate bones].

Bilateral palmar instability of the wrist with subluxation between capitate and lunate bone. A stable wrist requires intact ligaments as well as a normal shape and size of carpal bones. While the reasons for bony changes are mainly posttraumatic, degenerative diseases and congenital laxity of ligaments as well as traumatic ruptures may cause an insufficiency of the ligaments. The following article deals with a theoretical discussion of carpal instability considering diagnosis, progress, development, and treatment of congenital bilateral palmar carpal instability which caused painful subluxation between the capitate and lunate bone.

Adult↗
PubMed1970

Law of conservation of the capital-output ratio.

Just as simple harmonic motion, definable by a variational condition, delta [unk] ((1/2) x(2) - (1/2) x(2)) dt = 0, has motions which must conserve the sum of kinetic and potential energies, (1/2) x(2) + (1/2)x(2) congruent with constant, so in a neoclassical von Neumann economy, where all output is saved to provide capital formation for the system's growth, it will be true that there exists a conservation law-namely the constancy along any intertemporally-efficient motion of the capital-output ratio SigmaP(t) (j)K(t) (j)/SigmaP(t) (j)K(t) (j). This is derived as an "energy" integral of a time-free integrand(1) in an optimal-control problem of variational type.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1998

Family capital, children's individual attributes, and adolescents' aspirations: a follow-up analysis.

In this follow-up study of an earlier investigation (Marjoribanks, 1992), relationships were examined between family capital, children's individual attributes, immediate family settings, and adolescents' aspirations. There were 500 Australian adolescents (250 girls, 250 boys) and their parents in the sample. The results of this study and of the earlier investigation suggest that (a) family environmental contexts are moderately to largely associated with children's academic performances and adolescents' aspirations; (b) relationships between family contexts, children's individual attributes, and adolescents' aspirations are mediated fully or in part by adolescents' perceptions of their parents' support for learning; and (c) there are gender-related differences in the nature of the associations among family capital, individual attributes, immediate family settings, and adolescents' aspirations.

Achievement↗
PubMed1998

Pediatric psychopharmacology in a capitated managed care system: how do patients fare?

A retrospective chart review was designed to evaluate how pediatric and adolescent patients fare within a strictly managed, capitated outpatient psychiatric setting. The charts of 96 consecutively evaluated patients, treated by one psychiatrist, were reviewed. Standardized assessment tools were used to reach a DSM-IV diagnosis. The initial level of severity was defined by a Global Assessment of Functioning scale at the time of the evaluation, and improvement after pharmacologic treatment was measured by the Global Index of Improvement. Patients in this sample suffered from similar psychiatric disorders and similar levels of initial impairment when compared with those reported in other outpatient samples. Of the original 96 youths, nine patients were initially referred to their primary care physician for medication treatment, and 26 had been told that pharmacotherapy was not indicated. In the psychiatric clinic, psychopharmacotherapy was recommended for 61 of the 96 patients (64%), and 46 patients (48%) followed through with this plan. Of the 46 patients treated with medications, 72% improved within approximately 4 months of treatment, whereas 28% did not. Five of the 23 (22%) adolescent patients with major depression were hospitalized within 2 months of the initial evaluation. Most of these pediatric and adolescent psychiatric patients appeared to be treated satisfactorily, despite the strong limitations of a capitated outpatient service. However, significant limitations in time and resources necessitated a variety of clinical adaptations to maintain adequate delivery of mental health services.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Why do Swedish-speaking Finns have longer active life? An area for social capital research.

We performed ecological and individual register studies to compare disability-free life expectancies and disability pensions among Swedish-speaking and Finnish-speaking Finns residing on the western coast of Finland. The study was conducted to establish our assumption that the Swedish-speaking ethnic minority has a longer active life than the Finnish-speaking majority and to show that this disparity can be seen in a limited geographical area with similar socio-economic and health service structures. We suggest that the observed disparities in active life and in mortality depend on differences in the extent of social capital. A detailed characterization of the social capital and its impact on the health of the Swedish-speaking individuals is in progress.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Bone scintigraphy in slipped capital femoral epiphysis.

Tc-99m diphosphonate bone scans were performed on 11 children with slipped capital femoral epiphysis. On pinhole hip images, seven hips in seven patients had increased radionuclide uptake in the physis and adjacent proximal femoral metaphysis where the slip had occurred. Three hips in three patients had decreased radionuclide uptake in the femoral head on the side of the slipped epiphysis, indicating compromise of the femoral head blood supply. Three or more months following internal fixation, three children had scintigraphy that showed loss of the usual focal uptake in the physis and adjacent proximal femoral metaphysis. Bone scintigraphy in pediatric patients with slipped capital femoral epiphysis is valuable in defining the metabolic status of the femoral head. Absence of radiopharmaceutical uptake in the affected femoral head indicates that the femoral head is at risk for development of radiographic changes associated with aseptic necrosis.

Child↗
PubMed1975

A single stage osteotomy and epiphysiodesis for treatment of moderately displaced femoral capital epiphyses.

Epiphysiodesis and subtrochanteric osteotomy have long been recognized as valuable procedures in the treatment of the patient with a moderately or markedly displaced femoral capital epiphysis. Typically these have been performed individually or sequentially. The operation herein described combines the two in one single-stage procedure. Using a stainless steel Lorenzo Screw, the epiphyseal plate is transfixed and further capital displacement prevented. The subtrochanteric compensatory osteotomy is performed using simple visual clinical guidelines and is held rigidly immobilized with a variable angle sideplate affixed to the Lorenzo Screw. The firm fixation enables one to dispense with plaster immobilization and begin the patient on an early exercise program. Restoration of a more normal range of motion, especially regarding rotation internally, abduction, and flexion is easily obtained. Radiographic correction of varus and posterior tilting are thereby secured.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Anterior slip of the capital femoral epiphysis. Report of a case and discussion.

A rare case of anterior slip of the capital femoral epiphysis demonstrates that the mechanism of the posterior, inferior slip of the capital femoral epiphysis is a combination of weight bearing in the frontal plane and muscle pull in the horizontal plane. Sudden violent motions cause some of the unusual positions of acute slip.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2004

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis in a child with sickle cell disease.

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis in a child with sickle cell disease has not been reported previously. The diagnostic challenges, role of imaging techniques, and the medical treatment of this patient are discussed. The presentation of acute hip or leg pain in a child with sickle cell disease should alert the treating physician to the possibility of a vaso-occlusive crisis as the likely source of the child's pain. The goal of the current case report is to emphasize the need to maintain a high index of suspicion for other potential causes of hip, thigh, or knee pain such as slipped capital femoral epiphysis in an adolescent. Preoperative and postoperative care for a child with sickle cell disease needs to be modified to minimize the risks of vaso-occlusive complications.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Open bone peg epiphysiodesis for slipped capital femoral epiphysis.

The records of 43 patients who underwent 64 open bone peg epiphysiodeses for slipped capital femoral epiphysis were retrospectively reviewed. There were 18 unstable and 46 stable slips. The average duration of follow-up was 35 months (range, 12-100). Healing occurred in all cases at an average of 17 weeks after surgery. At the time of healing, 27 hips (42%) showed a change in the degree of slip. At the most recent visit, the head-shaft angle had improved in 19 hips (30%), although the majority of hips showed resorption of the anterior neck prominence. The degree of remodeling showed no correlation with time to healing, duration of follow-up, or the status of the triradiate cartilage. The average operating time and blood loss per hip were 122 +/- 34 min and 426 +/- 238 ml, respectively. Complications included four hips with avascular necrosis and three with chondrolysis, three infections, four delayed wound healings, seven cases of transient anterolateral thigh hypesthesia, and 44 hips with hetertopic ossification. Because of the potential morbidity of this procedure, we no longer perform it as a primary operation for stable slipped capital femoral epiphysis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pin removal in slipped capital femoral epiphysis: the unsuitability of titanium devices.

In an effort to predict which slipped capital femoral epiphysis fixation devices might cause fewer retrieval problems, 27 consecutive implant-retrieval procedures were reviewed, and mechanical tests using many currently available devices were performed. Problems occurred with both stainless steel and titanium devices if implanted for > 1 year. This tendency for increased problems was statistically significant for the titanium group, and analysis of a retrieved titanium screw showed evidence of osseointegration (direct bone-metal contact at > 90% of the interface) using backscattered image scanning electron microscopic analysis. These clinical data and data from mechanical testing suggest that stainless steel screws or trocar-tipped Steinmann pins are better suited for fixation of slipped capital femoral epiphysis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Acute slipped capital femoral epiphysis: the value and safety of urgent manipulative reduction.

A 40-year experience consisting of 91 cases of acute slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) was reviewed to assess the safety of manipulative reduction and to determine whether urgent reduction has an effect on the development of avascular necrosis (AVN) of the capital femoral epiphysis. All patients had a history of sudden onset of severe hip pain and were documented to have an unstable (acute) slipped epiphysis. Treatment modalities included manipulative reduction under general anesthesia followed by internal fixation (41 hips), epiphysiodesis and internal fixation (15 hips), epiphysiodesis and cast immobilization (31 hips), and cast immobilization alone (three hips). One case was treated with cast immobilization after reduction by skeletal traction. Patient follow-up averaged 44 months, and ranged from 12 to 216 months. Radiographic review identified 13 (14%) cases of AVN in the series of 91 hips. Of 42 hips reduced in <24 h from presentation, AVN developed in three (7%). Of 49 hips reduced in >24 h from presentation, AVN developed in 10 (20%). Manipulative reduction of the acute SCFE may be accomplished without increased risk of AVN. Time to reduction may be an important risk factor for development of AVN after acute SCFE.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Long-term follow-up study after corrective Imhäuser osteotomy for severe slipped capital femoral epiphysis.

The management of severe slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) is still controversial, because of a lack of long-term follow-up studies. Thirty-five patients (39 hips) with severe slipped capital femoral epiphysis, treated by corrective intertrochanteric Imhäuser osteotomy, were clinically and radiographically reexamined. The average age at the operation was 13.7 years (range, 8-17 years) and the reexamination was at an average of 23.4 years (range, 19-27 years) after the operation. At reexamination, 77% of patients were rated good to excellent clinically and 67% had good or excellent radiological results by the Southwick classification. Three patients had severe degenerative arthritic changes, and two patients developed avascular necrosis. We conclude that the Imhäuser osteotomy should be performed in severe deformities (>40 degrees gliding angle) associated with poor function. Because other studies show good long-term results after in situ pinning only, the indication for Imhauser osteotomy should be made carefully depending on clinical and radiological findings.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A 50-year experience with bone graft epiphysiodesis in the treatment of slipped capital femoral epiphysis.

A "millennium" update of all cases of slipped capital femoral epiphysis treated by bone graft epiphysiodesis between 1950 and 2000 was conducted. All cases were followed for at least 1 year to evaluate the occurrence of re-slippage, avascular necrosis (AVN), chondrolysis, or complications secondary to the surgical approach. This study adds 109 patients and 133 hips to the initial report for a total of 268 patients and 318 hips. The patients include 43 patients with 45 acute slips and 225 patients with 273 chronic slips. The results include three cases of AVN, six cases of re-slippage, one case of chondrolysis, and no surgical approach complications in the acute group. In the chronic group, there were 4 cases of AVN, 17 cases of re-slippage, 4 cases of deep wound infection, and no cases of chondrolysis. The authors suggest that bone graft epiphysiodesis is a reasonable alternative in the treatment of slipped capital femoral epiphysis.

Bone Lengthening↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Reaping benefits from intellectual capital.

The wealth and value of organizations are increasingly based on intellectual capital. Although acquiring talented individuals and investing in employee learning adds value to the organization, reaping the benefits of intellectual capital involves translating the wisdom of employees into reusable and sustained actions. This requires a culture that creates employee commitment, encourages learning, fosters sharing, and involves employees in decision making. An infrastructure to recognize and embed promising and best practices through social networks, evidence-based practice, customization of innovations, and use of information technology results in increased productivity, stronger financial performance, better patient outcomes, and greater employee and customer satisfaction.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rethinking traditional methods for measuring intellectual capital.

Historically, approaches to measuring intellectual capital have included both conventional accounting-based measures, such as variants of the market-to-book ratio, and more progressive measures, such as the measurement of intangible assets found in approaches such as the Balanced Scorecard and Human Resource Accounting. As greater emphasis is placed on intellectual capital and its various aspects in the continually growing service and knowledge economy, the use of assessment instruments to inventory the alignment, balance, and variety of intellectual capacities and metrics that assess the effectiveness of succession planning may represent new directions in which organizations can head in the measurement of this important construct.

Accounting↗
PubMed1975

Acute slipped capital femoral epiphysis.

Of 12 cases of acute slipping of the capital femoral epiphysis (representing 11 patients), results were satisfactory in nine cases and poor in three cases at follow-up (in two of the three cases with poor results, reduction was lost postoperatively). Five of nine patients with prodromal symptoms were seen by a physician but were undiagnosed or untreated before the acute slipping. An additional patient had roentgenographic evidence of an early (asymptomatic) slipping capital femoral epiphysis one year before the acute slipping. Preferred treatment is gentle manipulation and fixation with multiple threaded pins, followed by crutch walking for three to four months. Spica casting is not recommended because of an increased incidence of acute articular cartilage necrosis and the possibility of late recurrence of slipping.

Acute Disease↗