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PubMed2005

[Chondrosarcomas of the larynx: diagnostic and therapeutic controversies].

Chondrosarcomas of the larynx are rare neoplasms that account only for a very small percentage of all the primary laryngeal neoplasms that has been estimated in less than 2%. They often show initially with indolent symptoms despite their progressive growth until great compromise of the laryngeal function is produced. This neoplasm is characterised by a variable local aggressive behaviour and frequent of distant metastasis, that are commonly located in lungs and bone, deppending on the hystologic grade. A case of an aggressive laryngeal chondrosarcoma with exclusive brain metastasic disease as cause of death, a very uncommon event in these neoplasms, is reported. We also provide a review of the literature focusing on the controversies about the management of this condition.

Chondrosarcoma↗
PubMed1991

Chondrosarcoma of a thoracic vertebra.

Central chondrosarcoma is an uncommon primary malignancy of the axial skeleton which usually affects the posterior elements or the posterior part of a vertebral body. We present an unusual case of chondrosarcoma involving the anterior part of a thoracic vertebra with massive extravertebral extension into the posterior mediastinum. The roles of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in identifying this pathology are emphasized.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Primary intraspinal mesenchymal chondrosarcoma: report of one case.

We report a case of primary intraspinal mesenchymal chondrosarcoma in an 11-year-old boy. Contrast-enhanced MRI revealed a hyperintense, sausage-shaped mass extending from C7 to T2. The lesion located anterolaterally on the left side, pushing the spinal cord to the right and posterior. Microscopic examination and immunohistochemical studies confirmed the diagnosis of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma. Follow-up studies have shown no tumor recurrence for 2 years. This tumor is rare but should be considered for differential diagnosis in spinal tumors.

Child↗
PubMed2006

Nasal chondrosarcoma in a Simmental cow.

The pathologic features of a nasal chondrosarcoma, a rare tumor of bovines, in a Simmental cow are described. Upon clinical examination, stertor, difficulty in breathing, poor body condition, and a nasal mass were found. Histopathologic examination revealed that the mass was composed mostly of numerous cartilaginous lobules surrounded by spindle-shaped cells, often showing mitotic figures, atypical chondrocytes, and lacunae containing 2 or more cells. On the basis of the histological features, the mass was diagnosed as a nasal chondrosarcoma.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Establishment of clonal cell lines, with or without cartilage phenotypes, from a hamster mesenchymal chondrosarcoma.

A hamster mesenchymal chondrosarcoma was found in the soft tissues of the cheek pouch and has been successfully transplanted. The tumor was composed principally of two cell types: poorly differentiated mesenchymal cells and focal areas of cells in islands showing cartilaginous differentiation. The clonal cell lines, MCS-1 and MCS-8 which closely correspond to the respective cell types in the original tumor were also established. MCS-1 cells formed an undifferentiated sarcoma in the subcutaneous layer of nude mice and MCS-8 cells formed a chondrosarcoma of a common type.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Chondrosarcoma of the larynx: a report of two cases and a review of the literature.

Chondrosarcoma of the larynx: a report of two cases and a review of the literature. This paper describes two cases of low-grade laryngeal chondrosarcoma. In both cases, the tumours were located on the cricoid, and could be visualized with a CT scan and magnetic resonance imaging. The diagnosis was made by a deep wedge biopsy with a CO2 laser, and after subtotal supracricoid laryngectomy. Most of the reported cases have been successfully managed by voice-sparing surgery, but the two cases reported here, needed more radical treatment.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intracranial extra-skeletal mesenchymal chondrosarcoma.

Intracranial Mesenchymal Chondrosarcoma is a very rare and uncommon entity that affects young adults. We came across one such patient who presented with severe headache and intermittent nausea and vomiting. The clinical, radiological preoperative diagnosis was a meningioma, on histological examination it turned out to be mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of tentorial region in posterior fossa, uncommon site for this entity.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Chondrosarcoma of the pelvis: the role of palliative debulking surgery.

Curative resection of pelvic chondrosarcoma is sometimes technically impossible. In such cases, surgical debulking on one or more occasions may provide symptomatic relief. In a series of 12 patients with pelvic chondrosarcoma, three have undergone a single debulking procedure and three two or more such procedures. All six patients obtained symptomatic relief and five remain alive and well at a median of 12 months from surgery. Two patients have no clinical evidence of recurrent disease 21 and 25 months after the last debulking procedure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[A case of chondrosarcoma in the cavernous sinus].

A 24-year-old female patient complained of headache and right abducens nerve paralysis. No abnormality was found in plain CT scan, but a ring-like enhanced mass was disclosed behind the right posterior clinoid process in enhanced CT scan. MRI revealed a low intensity mass in T1-weighted image and a ring-like enhanced mass in gadolinium-DTPA enhanced image. It was a circumferential high intensity mass in T2-weighted image and an isointensity mass in proton image. Cerebral angiography indicated that it was avascular. Preoperative diagnosis was trigeminal neurinoma or petroclival meningioma. The tumor was removed almost completely by orbitozygomatic infratemporal approach. Histologically, it was low grade chondrosarcoma. Postoperatively, neither radiation therapy nor chemotherapy was added. Differential diagnosis and treatment was discussed. It was suggested that MRI was the most useful diagnostic tool to distinguish chondrosarcoma from other skull base tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of the radius with metastases in the internal organs].

A rare variant of chondrosarcoma--a mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of the right radiocarpal articulation--is described. The tumour was very small, painless, and did not disturb the joint function but possessed a high mitotic activity and gave lymphogenic metastases to the viscera of the right half of the body. It was not diagnosed clinically.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Synthesis of chondrocytic keratan sulphate-containing proteoglycans by human chondrosarcoma cells in long-term cell culture.

Keratan sulphate is an integral component of the large aggregating proteoglycans of mature human articular cartilage. The keratan sulphate content of chondrocytic proteoglycans increases during maturation, and it is a useful marker of mature-type chondrocytic proteoglycans. Ordinarily, in cell culture, chondrocytes from non-neoplastic tissues dedifferentiate, diminish or cease to synthesize aggregating proteoglycans with the same amount of keratan sulphate as those formed in vivo, and do not maintain their in vivo phenotype. In tissue culture, this down-regulation of synthesis of keratan sulphate is irreversible. The study of the metabolism of mature human chondrocytes has been hampered by the absence of stable models. We report a cell-line, 105KC, derived from a human chondrosarcoma, that has maintained a stable proteoglycan phenotype during more than three years of culture. Analysis with immunofluorescence suggested that 105KC cells continued to synthesize keratan sulphate in long-term culture. Biochemical analysis demonstrated that 105KC cells maintained the production of chondrocytic large-aggregating proteoglycans and that keratan sulphate composed 13 per cent of their glycosaminoglycan content. To our knowledge, 105KC represents the first model to have maintained the post-fetal chondrocytic proteoglycan phenotype in stable culture. This study documents the feasibility of the development of mature chondrocytic cell-lines and sheds light on the biological characteristics of chondrosarcomas.

Cartilage↗
PubMed1990

Chondrosarcoma of the sphenoethmoid complex.

Chondrosarcoma of the nose and paranasal sinuses is extremely rare. We report a case of a child with a massive chondrosarcoma of the sphenoethmoid complex who presented with a change of visual acuity. Clinical and histologic characteristics of this lesion are discussed, along with treatment options and factors affecting prognosis.

Child↗
PubMed1979

Hormone-dependent growth of a rat chondrosarcoma in vivo.

The importance of various hormonal factors in the growth of a transplantable chondrosarcoma has been studied in vivo. Tumor growth was reduced by 95% in adrenalectomized or hypophysectomized rats as compared to normal animals. The number of tumors developing in either adrenalectomized or hypophysectomized rats was reduced more in male than in female rats. However, ovariectomy or orchiectomy did not alter the growth of the tumor. The inhibition of tumor growth in adrenalectomized and hypophysectomized animals was only observed after the first 10 days following inoculation. Cortisone (4-pregnen-17 alpha,21-diol-3,11,20-trione) administration fully restored tumor growth in adrenalectomized animals while adrenocorticotropic hormone or growth hormone were only partially effective in supporting tumor growth in hypophysectomized animals. High-affinity glucocorticoid receptors (7 to 10S) were present in the cytosls prepared from the tumor cells and were found to be increased in tumors from adrenalectomized animals. These results indicate that the growth of this chondrosarcoma is strongly dependent upon endocrine factors of adrenal and pituitary origin.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1990

[Intrathoracic chondrosarcoma arising at a rib in a patient with multiple exostoses].

A case of chondrosarcoma arising from the 7th left rib in a patient with multiple exostosis disease is reported. The initial CT scan feature is a purely intrathoracic mass with a parietal and pericardial junction and calcifications within the tumor. A review of the literature about the costal chondrosarcoma and their CT scan features is done and shows the uncommon initial aspect of this case.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Differential diagnosis of secondary chondrosarcoma of the bones].

A procedure based on multifactorial evaluation of the most important clinical and X-ray signs was suggested to differentiate between secondary bone chondrosarcoma and such benign lesions as chondroma and osteochondrous exostosis. The analysis included 100 patients with secondary bone chondrosarcoma and 36 of those with benign lesions. The study used complex parameters derived from two, three or four simple ones. The method described assured a 95% credibility of differential diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Clear-cell chondrosarcoma of bone].

Clinico-roentgeno-morphological characteristics of clear-cell chondrosarcoma are presented. Tumour cells had an abundant clear cytoplasm limited by a well discernible membrane; there were few giant multinuclear cells of the osteoclast type, zones of secondary osteogenesis and calcification. The lobulation of the structure was much less pronounced and the lobules were smaller and no so distinct as compared to an ordinary chondrosarcoma. All patients survived without recurrences and metastases after the operation.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

Multicentric chondrosarcomas associated with Ollier's disease. Review and case report.

The malignant transformation of enchondromas in patients with Ollier's Disease is a well known occurrence although few studies have prospectively followed patients with this disease and reviewed the frequency of this process. When malignant degeneration occurs, usually only one focus is noted even though others potentially may be involved. This paper represents a case report in which two separate locations of chondrosarcoma were found. Discussion includes chondrosarcomatous transformation of enchondromas, radiographic findings in this transformation, and treatment of multicentric chondrosarcomas in a patient with Ollier's Disease.

Adult↗