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PubMed1992

[Lesions of the ligaments associated with distal fractures of the radius. 58 intraoperative arthrographies].

Intracarpal ligamentous tears and fractures of the radius often have a similar mechanism. For instance, no prospective studies have defined the real incidence of such associations, which are not antagonistic. The authors performed a systematic operative wrist arthrogram during distal radius fractures in a group of 58 patients with a mean age less than 50 years. Such a population was at low risk of degenerative ligamentous tears. Triangular fibrocartilage complex was torn in two-thirds of all types fractures. Extra-articular radius fractures were associated with an intracarpal ligamentous tear in 25% and always a luno-triquetral lesion type. In contrast, intra-articular and radius styloid fractures were frequently associated with a scapho-lunate lesion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Transient photopenia of the femoral head following arthrography.

In cases of suspected sepsis of the hip, a negative arthrocentesis may precede bone scintigraphy. Routine instillation of contrast material and air for localization and characterization of the hip joint was observed to produce a transient photopenic femoral head on bone scintigraphy. The photopenia, related to venous tamponade created by the temporarily increased intra-articular pressure of the arthrogram, occurs when the isotopic study is performed within a half hour of the arthrocentesis. The cases of four children suspected of having septic arthritis and/or osteomyelitis and ranging in age from 2 to 19 years are presented to illustrate the temporal relationship of reversible femoral head photopenia with sequential arthrocentesis and bone scintigraphy.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Digital subtraction arthrography of the prosthetic hip.

Digital subtraction techniques are easily adapted to the evaluation of loosening in total hip prostheses, allowing real time review of injection dynamics and data manipulation after the study. We have successfully used both standard radiographic and digital imaging techniques in the evaluation of 15 prosthetic hip joints. The digital results are comparable to and often better than those of standard radiographic techniques for the evaluation of loosening in total hip prostheses.

Arthrography↗
PubMed1989

Positive contrast arthrography of the dog's shoulder with meglumine-sodium diatrizoate.

Different volumes with varying concentrations of meglumine-sodium diatrizoate were injected to study positive contrast shoulder arthrograms in six experimental dogs weighing 23-37 kg. The best delineation of the articular cartilage was obtained following injection of 1.5 ml of a 25% solution (185 mg iodine/joint). To visualize the bicipital tendon sheet and the different pouches of the shoulder joint, 6 ml of a 25% solution (750 mg iodine/joint) should be used. If no definite lesions are previewed, 6 ml of a 19% solution (550 mg iodine/joint) offers an acceptable compromise since with this volume and concentration no pooling of contrast medium overlapping the caudal area of the humeral head was seen. Radiographs should be obtained within 5 minutes after injection of the contrast medium. After that period the delineation of the joint structures is vaguening by absorption of the contrast medium. Repeated contrast examination with meglumine-sodium diatrizoate should be avoided. After four procedures at weekly intervals, the necropsy performed on two dogs showed inflammatory changes of the synovial membrane.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Epinephrine enhanced positive contrast shoulder arthrography in the dog.

Positive contrast shoulder arthrograms were obtained with and without the intra-articular injection of 0.2 mg of epinephrine in 6 experimental dogs and were compared after completion of the study. Radiographs were made 1, 3, 5, 9, 13, 17, 25 and 30 minutes after injection of the contrast medium. Admixture of epinephrine to the contrast medium resulted in an improvement in the sharpness of the contrast outlined joint structures as well as in the persistence of this enhanced detail on delayed radiographs. Detailed ECG recordings in 2 dogs during this procedure showed no abnormalities.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Hydrodilatation (distension arthrography): a long-term clinical outcome series.

OBJECTIVES: To describe and compare the medium to long-term effectiveness of hydrodilatation and post-hydrodilatation physiotherapy in patients with primary and secondary glenohumeral joint contracture associated with rotator cuff pathology. METHODS: Patients with primary and secondary glenohumeral contractures associated with rotator cuff pathology were recruited into a 2-year study. They all underwent hydrodilatation, followed by a structured physiotherapy programme. Patients were assessed at baseline, 3 days, 1 week, 3 months, 1 year and 2 years after hydrodilatation with primary outcome measures (Shoulder Pain and Disability Index, Shoulder Disability Index and percentage rating of "normal" function; SD%) and secondary outcome measures (range of shoulder abduction, external rotation and hand behind back). Comparisons in recovery were made between the primary and secondary glenohumeral contracture groups at all timeframes and for all outcome measures. RESULTS: A total of 53 patients (23 with primary and 30 with secondary glenohumeral contractures) were recruited into the study. At the 2-year follow-up, 12 patients dropped out from the study. At baseline, the two contracture groups were similar with respect to their demographic and physical characteristics. The two groups of patients recovered in a similar fashion over the 2-year follow-up period. A significant improvement was observed in all outcomes measures over this period (p<0.01), so that both function and range of movement increased. The rate of improvement was dependent on the outcome measure that was used. CONCLUSIONS: Hydrodilatation and physiotherapy increase shoulder motion in individuals with primary and secondary glenohumeral joint contracture associated with rotator cuff pathology. This benefit continues to improve or is maintained in the long term, up to 2 years after hydrodilatation.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

CT and MR arthrography of the normal and pathologic anterosuperior labrum and labral-bicipital complex.

Interpretation of computed tomographic and magnetic resonance arthrograms of the shoulder is complicated by normal variants of the labrum and glenohumeral ligaments. A superior sublabral recess is located at the 12 o'clock position and represents a normal recess between the superior labrum and the cartilage of the glenoid cavity. A sublabral foramen is located at the 2 o'clock position and represents localized detachment of the labrum from the glenoid rim. Buford complex is characterized by absence of the anterosuperior labrum and cordlike thickening of the middle glenohumeral ligament. Imaging features of damage to the anterior labrum include absence or detachment of the labrum and an irregular frayed appearance. Superior labrum anterior-to-posterior (SLAP) lesions are classified as type I (tear confined to the superior labrum), type II (labrum and biceps tendon detached from the superior glenoid), type III (bucket handle tear of the superior labrum), or type IV (bucket handle tear of the superior labrum with lateral extension into the biceps tendon). Increased distance between the labrum and the glenoid, an irregular appearance of the labral margin, or lateral extension of the separation may suggest a SLAP lesion rather than a normal anatomic variant. However, differentiation between normal variants and pathologic conditions and between various types of SLAP lesions remains difficult.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Digital subtraction arthrography.

The technology of digital subtraction image processing was applied as a substitute for conventional arthrographic subtraction techniques in the evaluation of 29 joints in 27 patients. There were 15 total hip replacements, one total knee replacement, eight wrists, three shoulders, and two ankles. Information regarding prosthetic component loosening and ligamentous disruption of carpal bone articulations could be determined with a high degree of accuracy when compared with information gained using conventional radiographic methods. Our results indicate that this method may be a suitable substitute for other arthrographic techniques.

Arthrography↗