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PubMed1985

[Removal of biologically active admixtures from immunoglobulin preparations].

Inclusion of an additional treatment of the products obtained at centrifugation stages b1 and b13 with activated bentonite and aluminium hydroxide into the alcohol method for the production of immunoglobulin from placental and abortion blood permits obtaining preparations with lowered content of proteolytic enzymes and thermostable acid phosphatase, free from chorionic gonadotropin and blood pigment. The treatment of the final preparation with DEAE cellulose removes blood group antigens from immunoglobulins. The preparations obtained by this method have been shown to meet the requirements for immunoglobulins imposed by technological specifications.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1985

Twenty-four-hour single-container system for parenteral nutrient admixtures.

Development and implementation of a procedure for preparing parenteral nutrient (PN) solutions in 3-L containers at a 385-bed teaching hospital is described. After identifying problems in procedures for PN therapy, pharmacists collected time and cost data for preparing PN solutions using gravity flow and 1-L containers versus an automated compounding device and 3-L containers. They prepared a proposal for mixing a single daily solution in a 3-L container. A change in hospital policy to permit each PN solution to hang for 24 instead of 12 hours, a change in the pharmacy's schedule for preparing PN solutions, and a policy of hanging all fresh PN solutions between 1800 and 2400 were also proposed. After a one-month trial, the new procedures were adopted. To prepare an average of six PN solutions per day, time decreased from 5.32 to 2.33 hours. Inventory of PN supplies was reduced by 56%. Patients were charged approximately $25 less for three liters of PN solution. Standardized procedures improved efficiency of order filling. A standard procedure for preparing parenteral nutrient solutions in 3-L containers resulted in cost savings for the hospital and the patients and more efficient patient care.

Costs and Cost Analysis↗
PubMed1985

Stability and cost analysis of clindamycin-gentamicin admixtures given every eight hours.

Stability and costs of a mixture of clindamycin and gentamicin in a single carrier solution for every-eight-hour i.v. administration were analyzed. Duplicate solutions containing clindamycin 900 mg (as the phosphate salt) and gentamicin 100 mg (as the sulfate salt) in 5% dextrose injection 150 mL in flexible plastic containers were prepared. Samples withdrawn at 0-24 hours were visually inspected and assayed for content of both drugs. Clindamycin concentrations were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography and gentamicin concentrations by fluorescence-polarization immunoassay. Preparation and administration times were measured in two trials to determine cost differences between every-eight-hour administration of the two-antibiotic mixture and separate administration of the two drugs (four daily doses of clindamycin and three of gentamicin). No precipitate was seen. Concentrations of both drugs after 24 hours were greater than 90% of initial concentrations. Total daily costs (per patient) for labor, drug, and carrier solution were $3.08 less when the two drugs were mixed and administered every eight hours. At the concentrations studied, clindamycin and gentamicin mixed together in 5% dextrose injection are stable for 24 hours. Administration of this drug mixture every eight hours is safe and less costly than separate administration of the two drugs.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗