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PubMed1973

Lymphedema and vitamins.

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Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena↗
PubMed1975

Vitamin profile of 174 mothers and newborns at parturition.

Thiamin, biotin, B12, folate, pantothenate, riboflavin, nicotinate, B6, vitamins A, E, C, and beta-cartene was estimated in the blood of 174 mothers and in the cord blood of their neonates at parturition. A vitamin profile of normal preganancy was established for mother and neonate. This was based on values obtained from 95 percent confidence limits in 74 mothers not taking oral vitamins and 133 mothers ingesting various vitamin supllements. Circulating vitamin levels in 38 neonates born to mothers with no laboratory evidence of hypovitaminemia was persented. The higher incidence of hypobitaminemia in gravidas not taking vitamins was folate, thiamin, vitamins A, C, B12, BL and nicotinate in descending order. Ingestion of vitamins supplements reduced the incidence of hypovitaminemia. A similar relationship held for neonates from these mothers. However, despite vitamin ingestion thiamin, folate, vitamins C, A, B6, B12 and nicotinate hypovitaminemia was evident. There was an approximate 1:2-5 ratio between mother and neonate blood vitamins; vitamins A, B6, E, and beta-carotene were exceptions. Vitamin B6 ran parallel, while vitamins A, B6, E, and beta-carotene ratios reversed in favor of the mother at an approximate ratio of 2:1, 4:1 and 7:1, respectively. It is concluded that vitamin profile for mother and neonate, taking into account values established from a lorge gravid population, should now permit an evaluation of the effects of hypoviteminemia on the outcome of pregnancy and infant health.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Preliminary clinical and anthropometric findings from the first Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, USA, 1971-1972.

Eight percent of Negroes between the ages of 45 to 59 had hepatomegaly. Tongue signs and absent knee and ankle jerks were more prevalent in Negroes ages 45 to 74; they also had lower urinary excretion of thiamine and riboflavin than Whites. Bowed legs and knock knees were more frequent in Negroes ages 1 to 17 and Negro women 18 to 44. Prevalence of bleeding, swollen gums was highest in Negroes ages 45 to 59. Both grade I and II goiter were more prevalent in Negroes at all ages except men 18 to 59. Chvostek's sign indicating possible calcium deficiency was more frequent in Negroes at all ages with two exceptions. Major anthropometric findings will also be presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Morbid obesity: problems associated with operative management.

A review of the problems associated with extensive jejunoileal bypass for morbid obesity in a series of 175 carefully selected patients is presented. Five postoperative deaths occurred (3%). Nonfatal complications occurred in 21%, with wound infections (14 patients) being the most common. Good results marked by weight reduction to the range of ideal weight without significant electrolyte or metabolic aberrations was observed in 82% of the patients receiving the current dimensional modificatiom of end-to-end jejunoileal bypass (30 cm to 20cm). An additional 13% had fair results and only 5% had poor results. There were six deaths during follow-up: liver failure in four patients (secondary to alcohol abuse in two), myocardial infarction in one, and one from unknown causes. Bypass reversal was necessary for refractory liver failure in three patients (two from alcohol abuse), and for persistent diarrhea with secondary electrolyte depletion in two patients. One of these patients was complicated by severe emotional instability. This experience suggests that the majority of carefully selected patients will have a good response to jejunoileal bypass.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

The impact of infection on vitamin metabolism: an unexplored area.

Very little work has been done to answer the question: What is the effect of an infectious process on vitamin metabolism? The few studies that have been done would indicate that in the acute phase of an infection there is a redistribution of vitamins as well as other nutrients; these changes can be interpreted as indicating an adaptive and perhaps beneficial response of the host in meeting the challenges imposed by the infectious agent. It is accepted that chronic infection may lead to nutrient depletion, but it is not clear that in the normal healthy individual the administration of vitamins during an acute infections is of any benefit. One can certainly argue that during the infectious process the administration of vitamins and perhaps other nutrients could conceivably afford some protection were the infectious process to continue for some time. This raises other questions concerning the effects of chronic infection and whether or not they occur in well or malnourished individuals.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

The pattern of severe protein-calorie malnutrition in Sudanese children attending a large hospital in The Sudan.

One hundred fifty patients suffering from severe protein-calorie malnutrition, admitted in 1 month to the Pediatric wards of Wad Medani Hospital, Sudan, were classified according to the Wellcome classification. Marasmus was the prevailing type. It was common in the 2nd year of life, while kwashiorkor occurred mainly under the age of 12 months. Anthropometric measurements showed that kwashiorkor was an acute disease while marasmus and marasmic kwashiorkor were more chronic. The triceps skinfold was unexpectedly low in kwashiorkor. Of the simple measurements and ratios used for assessing the nutritional status, the head/chest ratio applied ot children over 1 year was not found to be reliable and the weight for head circumference correlated poorly with deficits in other variables. Non of the major clinical features was found to be pathognomonic of any type of severe protein-calorie malnutrition. Megaloblastic anemia was common.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1980

Vitamin B1, B2, B6, and C status in hospital inpatients.

The status of vitamin B1, B2, B6 and C was investigated in 656 hospital inpatients by means of a dietary interview, biochemical studies, and clinical investigation. The daily intake was lower than the Recommended Dietary Allowance for vitamin B1 in 57%, B2 in 47%, B6 in 53%, and C in 9% of the patients; it was less than half the Recommended Dietary Allowance in 19, 12, 15, and 3%, respectively. A biochemical deficiency was observed in 25% of the patients for vitamin B1, in 11% for B2, in 25% for B6, and in 14% for C. On the basis of the parameters selected for this study, the biochemical vitamin status, the dietary vitamin intake, and the clinical symptoms correlated significantly with each other except in the case of vitamin B6.

Adult↗