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At least 919 records · Page 51Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Contribution to knowledge of the morphogenesis of the nasal apparatus of the domestic sheep (Ovis aries L.).

The author studied the morphogenesis of the nasal apparatus in a sheep (Ovis aries L.) embryo with a length of 57 mm, at the optimum stage of development of the chondrocranium, as a part of his studies of development of the nasal apparatus in ungulates. The nasal apparatus is in general constructed according to the general scheme for mammals. Attention is drawn to the development of the superior alar cartilage, which is reminiscent of the situation in reptiles, to the strikingly developed atriturbinale auctorum (the author does not agree with this morphological designation, which is reserved for the vestibular turbinale in birds), to the well developed anterior paraseptal complex, to the extremely large maxilloturbinale and to the massive trunk of the ethmoturbinale I, which suppresses the corresponding recesses. The olfactory labyrinth is developed at three levels, the upper (rostral) level corresponding to the frontoturbinalia region, the middle to the ethmoturbinale I and the third (caudal) level to the region of the ethmoturbinalia II, III and IV (the recessus ethmoturbinalis). There is no foramen epiphaniale, no crista semicircularis and no crista Galli. A posterior paraseptal cartilage is present; in the author's opinion it is joined to the lamina orbitonasalis and not to the lamina transversalis post., since the latter is absent.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Deficit (14 cm) of the tibia solved by a double sliding graft using the Ilizarov apparatus.

A 14 cm deficit of the tibia with a soft tissue deficit was resolved using the apparatus of Ilizarov. The apparatus was applied using a double corticotomy of the proximal and distal remainder of the tibia. The fragments were moved until they met each other in the central part of the deficit. Afterwards, a part of the apparatus was changed (the constructions for sliding grafts were replaced with two new circles). This enabled the compression between the "kissed" fragments, and the space between those fragments and distal and proximal tibial adjacent to the remaining joints was filled by the newly formed bone formation.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Selective activation of the N-glycosylation apparatus in uteri by estrogen.

Estrogen rapidly, preferentially and markedly enhances the rate of N-linked glycoprotein synthesis in mouse uteri. In contrast, the rate of glycoprotein turnover is unaffected by the hormone. Estrogen's effect on the expression of mRNA coding for glycoproteins was studied using an in vitro translation-glycosylation system as well as by Northern/slot blot analyses. Both approaches indicated that estrogen did not have a preferential stimulatory effect on the general expression of glycoprotein mRNA. Neither was there a significant change in the relative levels of specific mRNA coding for several N-linked glycoproteins, i.e. laminin B1 and B2, fibronectin, and uvomorulin, as a function of estrogen treatment. Immunoprecipitation studies also demonstrated no change in the relative rates of synthesis of the corresponding core proteins for laminin or fibronectin. Taken together, these results suggested that estrogen primarily stimulated glycoprotein synthesis by stimulating the glycosylation apparatus, and not by increasing synthesis of protein acceptors. Previous studies have indicated that of a variety of potential regulatory points in the pathway of N-linked glycoprotein assembly, only expression of mannosylphosphoryldolichol synthase (MPDS) increases sufficiently to account for the increase in glycoprotein expression observed in response to estrogen. Consistent with these observations, it was found that injection of uterine poly(A+) RNA from estrogen-treated uteri into Xenopus oocytes markedly stimulated MPDS activity in the oocytes. In contrast, injection of RNA from non-estrogen-treated uteri did not stimulate MPDS activity in oocytes. Collectively, these results indicate that steroid hormones can modulate glycoprotein expression by preferentially stimulating the glycosylation apparatus. Nonetheless, one of estrogen's effects on the glycosylation apparatus, induction of MPDS activity, appears to occur at a transcriptional level.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Initial experience with the Ilizarov apparatus in orthopedic and traumatological pathology].

Personal experience of 4 years with the use of Ilizarov's apparatus is reported. The apparatus has been utilised on a routine basis in the treatment of complex fractures, in pseudarthrosis and in hypometrias. On the whole, the results obtained were positive, confirming the value of the apparatus and its ductility in the treatment of complex lesions of the skeleton.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Development of the neural apparatus of the human pancreas in prenatal ontogeny].

In human embryos, prefetuses and fetuses from 6 to 40 weeks of development 82 preparations of the pancreas have been studied; 39 series of slices of the human embryos have been impregnated after Bielschowsky-Boeke. For the first time the nerves grow into the pancreas anlage in embryos of 16 mm long (6 weeks). The main sources supplying the pancreas with the nerves in the period studied are nervus vagus, celiac, hepatic, splenic, right adrenal, superior mesenteric and intermesenteric plexuses. Three stages in formation of the innervational apparatus of the pancreas are distinguished during the intrauterine development. The first stage is characterized by beginning of the nerve growing into the pancreas anlage. For the second stage an increased development of the intraorganic innervational apparatus and appearance of the all main sources of the organ's innervation are specific. The third stage is characterized with an increased differentiation of receptor zones in various parts of the pancreas. The development of the pancreatic innervational apparatus by the time of birth is not completed.

Gestational Age↗
PubMed1989

The ilizarov apparatus in the treatment of thalamic fractures of the calcaneus.

The authors present a new method for the treatment of severe thalamic fractures of the calcaneus by the Ilizarov apparatus. The versatility of this apparatus makes it possible to restore the anatomy of the area, in particular, the total height of the talo-calcaneal complex and correction of varus or valgus deviation while leaving the ankle joint free. This method was used to treat 10 cases of severe thalamic fracture. If the apparatus is maintained for at least 3 months there is no subsequent loss of correction and the results are very good.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Global and regional left ventricular systolic performance in the in situ ejecting canine heart. Importance of the mitral apparatus.

The importance of the intact mitral apparatus in left ventricular (LV) systolic performance has been indirectly suggested by clinical studies of chordal-preserving mitral valve replacement (MVR) or reconstruction. The importance of the intact mitral apparatus has been clearly demonstrated in isovolumic experimental preparations but has not been demonstrated unequivocally in ejecting hearts. Therefore, this question was assessed independently of load in an in situ, open-chest ejecting canine heart preparation (n = 9). Three orthogonal LV dimensions were measured by sonomicrometry. During MVR with complete chordal preservation, snares were placed around the anterior and posterior papillary muscles. After the hearts were weaned from cardiopulmonary bypass, LV function was assessed by caval occlusion to alter LV preload abruptly. The slopes of the end-systolic--pressure-volume (end-systolic elastance, Ees) and stroke-work--end-diastolic volume (preload-recruitable stroke work, PRSW) relations were used to measure global LV systolic function; similarly, the slopes of the end-systolic--pressure-dimension (regional end-systolic elastance, rEes) and stroke-work--end-diastolic dimension changes in regional LV systolic performance. All chordae were then divided by pulling the snares. Immediate reassessment revealed deterioration of global LV function: Ees declined by 72% (14.1 +/- 11.2 mm Hg/ml [mean +/- SD] vs. 3.9 +/- 3.5 mm Hg/ml, p less than 0.001), and PRSW declined by 39% (129 +/- 37 vs. 79 +/- 29 mm Hg, p = 0.0001). Regional LV function was also adversely affected but somewhat selectively: rEes decreased significantly in all three LV dimensions (p less than or equal to 0.03), but rPRSW decreased significantly (-21%) only in the anteroposterior minor LV axis (89 +/- 19 vs. 70 +/- 15 mm Hg, p = 0.005) and in the septal-lateral axis (-19%, p = NS). These data demonstrate the importance of the intact mitral apparatus on LV systolic performance in ejecting hearts, particularly in the LV regions subtended by the papillary muscles.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Bioimpedance analysis in determining body composition. Testing of a new simple apparatus].

In the assessment of human body composition, only expensive and time consuming methods have hitherto been available. Recently, the new bioimpedance method has been introduced. It offers an easy, quick, inexpensive and noninvasive measurement with an accuracy comparable to that of the classical methods. A new inexpensive Danish apparatus was tested against the most used and validated equipment. Fifteen normal subjects underwent measurements with both apparatuses. The two methods gave identical results with a coefficient of correlation of 0.99 and a coefficient of variation of 5.6%. The apparatus can be recommended for clinical and scientific purposes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Use of a rod apparatus for external fixation in the treatment of hand injuries].

The authors describe an external fixation rod apparatus and the results of its application in 28 patients with various injuries. The apparatus was used in the patients with fractures of phalanges of the fingers and metacarpal bones for extra-articular fixation after the elimination of contractures and dislocations in the joints, in cases of combined epidermatoplasty, arthrodesis, etc. The method of treatment had to be changed only in 2 patients. In all other cases the effect of the rod apparatus was positive.

Arthrodesis↗
PubMed1989

Physiologic role of the mitral apparatus in left ventricular regional mechanics, contraction synergy, and global systolic performance.

In animal models, severing the chordae tendineae of the mitral valve reduces the maximum global left ventricular elastance (Emax,g), a load-independent measure of left ventricular systolic performance; moreover, chamber geometry is altered with systolic bulging in the region of the papillary muscle insertions. This suggests that forces transmitted by the mitral apparatus increase the regional volume elastance (Emax,r) of segments subtending the insertions of the papillary muscles, and these regions contribute substantially to overall left ventricular systolic function (Emax,g). To test this hypothesis, we developed a method to evaluate changes in the magnitude and uniformity of Emax,r as quantitated by the slopes (E'max,i) of regional left ventricular isovolumetric pressure-dimension relations. Such measurements were obtained before and after all chordal attachments of the mitral valve were surgically divided in seven open-chest swine preparations. Significant declines in E'max,i were limited to the region of the posteromedial papillary muscle insertion. Although the mean E'max,i of all ventricular regions (E'max,ave) was unchanged, regional left ventricular elastances were less uniform after the mitral chordae tendineae were severed, which indicated a less synergistic contraction, and Emax,g fell by 21% from 7.1 +/- 2.0 to 5.6 +/- 1.2 mm Hg/ml (p less than 0.05). These data demonstrate that the mitral apparatus contributes importantly to the magnitude and uniformity of regional left ventricular elastances and suggest that such alterations in regional mechanics underlie the deterioration in global left ventricular systolic performance (Emax,g) after excision of the mitral apparatus.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Repetitive blood sampling in unrestrained and unstressed mice using a chronic indwelling right atrial catheterization apparatus.

A re-usable mobile catheterization apparatus was developed that permits multiple blood samples to be obtained from nonrestrained and unanesthetized mice. The collection end of the catheter is located outside the cage allowing the mouse to remain completely undisturbed prior to and during blood collection. The apparatus was used in adult mice surgically fitted under pentobarbital anesthesia with right atrial silastic catheters. Sample volume and collection frequency are easily controlled without subjecting the animal to repetitive trauma. Low plasma corticosterone concentrations confirmed the nonstressful quality of the technique. Full catheter patency in mice averaged 21.5 days. The tethering apparatus design was easily upscaled to accommodate use in adult rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

An apparatus for a complimentary treatment of spasmodic torticollis.

We have developed an apparatus for treating spasmodic torticollis that can be used at home both during intensive therapy and follow-up. The refractoriness of spasmodic torticollis requires patients to practice biofeedback training partly on a home basis. However, it is usually difficult for spasmodic torticollis patients to provide and handle electromyographic (EMG) biofeedback training instruments. The present apparatus has 2 parts: first, a harness with a light source which is fixed on both shoulders; second, a photoreceptor, operant system for rewarding effect, and a digital recorder. The light is adjusted to strike the photoreceptor on the forehead when headposition is normal. Subjects are asked to keep the operant system--e.g. a radio--activated. They are trained in various postures as sitting, standing and walking. This apparatus provides a chance of home training to augment and maintain the effect during therapeutic sessions and the follow-up period.

Biofeedback, Psychology↗
PubMed1988

[Ultrastructural disorders of the mitotic apparatus during cytochalasin B action].

A correlation between the number of chromosome sets and the number of centrioles (8n--8 centrioles) was observed in polyploid metaphase cells, during cytochalasin B treatment on the cultured Chinese hamster cells. There is no correlation between the number of chromosome sets and the centriole number after stopping the action of the drug in many cells, but a great variation is observed in maintenance of chromosomes and centrioles (up 6 to 25 n and up 4 to 22 centrioles). In multipolar mitosis, either during the drug action or after its stopping, different numbers of chromosomes are directed towards the poles not depending on the number of centrioles in the poles. During the cytochalasin B treatment, either in bipolar or multipolar metaphases, there are destructions in the ultrastructure of the mitotic apparatus: there are no astral microtubules; in the poles there are diplosomes and duplex of centrioles with fibrillar material around both centrioles; kinetochores are of prometaphase type. After stopping the drug action the astral microtubules appear, but no other patterns of normalization in the mitotic apparatus occur. Desynchronization of three cycles (chromosomal, centriolar and centrosomal) is discussed as a factor of abnormal development of the mitotic apparatus and as a factor of stabilization of aneuploidy in the cell culture.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Method for assessment and control of deposited plaque upon removable plastic orthodontic apparatuses].

The keeping of oral hygiene is of great importance during orthodontic treatment--for prophylaxis of caries and gingivae. The authors propose and Index for the hygiene of orthodontic apparatuses (IHOA) for the broad orthodontic practice, that is based on staining and scraping of the accumulated plaque by four fields of the removable orthodontic apparatus--in contact with the dental-gingival and mucosal surfaces. The scores from 0 to 3 enable the modification of the behaviour of the stomatologist and parents as regards the motivation, control and necessity of additional means for attaining the desired hygiene of the orthodontic apparatus.

Dental Plaque↗
PubMed1977

[Morphofunctional changes in the insular apparatus of the pancreas following hypophysectomy and administration of somatotropic hormone].

Mature white male rats were used to study effects of hypophysectomy and STH on sugar content after fasting and after reiterated glucose loading. Morphological and morphometrical investigation of the pancreatic endocrine tissue were made. Zinc content and distribution in the pancreas, as well as aldehydefuchsinophil granulation in B-cells of the islets of Langergans were studied. Hypophysectomy was stated to increase functional activity of the pancreatic insular apparatus. Injection of STH for 9 days resulted in the stimulation of the cells in the insular apparatus. Prolonged injection of STH (for 20 days) produced exhaustion of the pancreatic insular apparatus.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[A pneumatic-type aerosol apparatus for veterinary uses].

Described is a Bulgarian aerosol apparatus of pneumatic type with an original nozzle and way to maintain permanent pressure. The apparatus is supplied with a set of 7 nozzles of a varying dia and is intended for universal dispersion of veterinary preparations and vaccines in aerosol form in view of their dosing. It makes it possible to maintain the desired concentration of the preparation sprayed for several minutes. The pneumatic type is advantageous for a number of reasons over other other apparatuses of similar design. It is simply constructed, easily put to action, is stable and cheap, and can be sterilized.

Bulgaria↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Spinability of respiratory mucous. Validation of a new apparatus: the Filancemeter.

Spinability is the ability of various biological fluids to be drawn into threads when stretched. This rheological parameter is of particular importance in the mucous transport process and can be easily measured using a newly commercialized apparatus: the Filancemeter. The measurement limits and the volumes of the samples used are presented. By studying the effect of sample volume on spinability, the importance of using well-calibrated samples is demonstrated. For the small volumes of sample (less than 5 microliters), the reproducibility of the measurement is low (coefficient of variation: 63% with 1 microliter sample), whereas it is significantly improved with larger volumes (coefficient of variation: 16% with 5 microliters sample). The measurements on respiratory mucous are in good agreement with the results obtained with a previous apparatus using a clip as a prehension system of the sample. With fluids exhibiting low viscosity like saliva, the higher values obtained with the Filancemeter can be attributed to a better prehension of the sample. This apparatus appears to be suitable for measuring the spinability of various biological fluids such as mucous.

Equipment Design↗
PubMed1985

[A new apparatus and stereotactic method for percutaneous high cervical cordotomy].

The authors devised a stereotactic apparatus for percutaneous cordotomy based on the experience of 191 percutaneous high cervical cordotomies on 150 patients suffering from intractable pain. This apparatus has two major components. One is a head and neck holder and the other is a guide and marker system. The head and neck holder contains fixed neck holder and head holder which can be movable in vertical direction. Using these holders, the operator can keep the patient's neck in neutral position. The marker system contains two markers of origin and a 10mm scale which indicates center line as well. The guide system, stereotactically designed, is movable in three direction and acrylic guide groove is attached. The guide needle for percutaneous cordotomy is inserted along the guide groove. The guide and marker system can be attached in both sides of the head and neck holder, therefore, the operator can insert the needle in both sides of the patient. This apparatus makes it possible to locate the target stereotactically for percutaneous cordotomy, since location of the inserted needle can be determined with the aid of cervical X-ray, even if there is no image intensifier of TV display screen available. Therefore it can be possible to reduce the X-ray exposure of the patient.

Cordotomy↗