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At least 919 records · Page 51Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Cytogenetic analysis of an adenoid cystic carcinoma of the Bartholin's gland. A rare, semimalignant tumor of the female genitourinary tract.

Cytogenetic analysis has been performed on short-term cultures from a 56-year-old woman suffering from an adenoid cystic carcinoma of Bartholin's gland. Beside a normal female karyotype, the tumor revealed an abnormal cell line with complex chromosome changes involving the chromosomes 1, 4, 6, 11, 22, and 14. The mainly structural and nonbalanced rearrangements led to the loss of the chromosome segments 1p31----qter, 4q22----q28, 6p12----qter, 11p11.2----pter, 14q24----qter, and 22q13----qter. Clonal numerical aberrations were not observed. To our knowledge, such a tumor has to-date not been cytogenetically investigated.

Bartholin's Glands↗
PubMed1994

Cytogenetic findings in a new case of adenoid cystic carcinoma arising in sphenoidal sinus.

We studied a case of adenoid cystic carcinoma. Cytogenetic analysis was performed on short-term culture, and the karyotype revealed only an abnormal cell line with the following changes: partial trisomy 5q, 6q deletion, monosomy of chromosome 9,der(10)t(10;15), a possible ring chromosome 22, and loss of the Y chromosome. The implication of chromosomes 6 and 9 is considered in relation to the karyotypic evolution of this type of tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Adenoid-cystic carcinoma (cylindroma) of the pyriform sinus in pediatric age.

Adenoid cystic tumors or cylindromas are malignant tumors typical of salivary tissue which often develop in minor salivary glands and, according to some authors, also in common mucosa glands. In these cases such tumors are particularly malignant owing to the frequency in which they re-occur locally and develop distant metastases. The authors report a case of a cylindroma of the pyriform sinus in a young child. An accurate review of the literature did not reveal any previous reports of analogous cases of cylindroma in the pyriform sinus of such a young subject. This finding created notably difficult problems with regard to therapy planning. After discussion of problems, conservative surgery is indicated as the most suitable treatment in these cases, considering that chemotherapy and radiation therapy alone are not highly effective in treating cylindromas and, furthermore, they are contraindicated because of the young age of the patient.

Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic↗
PubMed1993

Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the sublingual gland--an unusual presentation.

A case of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the sublingual salivary gland presenting as recurrent submandibular salivary gland swelling is described. The obstructive symptoms were due to involvement of the ipsilateral submandibular duct by the tumour. A review of the literature suggests that this is the first such case to be reported. The importance of intra-oral examination when investigating swellings of the neck is emphasised.

Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic↗
PubMed1987

Factors influencing survival of patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma of the salivary glands.

The uncertain long-term cure of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the salivary glands was determined in 30 treated patients seen between 1952 to 1984. Ten of 25 patients received elective postoperative irradiation (SEPI) after surgical extirpation of the primary/recurrent lesion; five patients had definitive radiotherapy alone. Overall, survival rates were 60%, 30%, and 7% at five, 10, and 20 years, respectively. The incidence of local recurrence was 37%, regional recurrence 3%, and distant metastasis 37%. Fewer recurrences and distant metastases were in the SEPI group than the surgery alone group. The majority of failures occurred within 10 years after initial diagnosis of primary malignancy; most of the patients died within five years after failure(s) detection. Correlations of prognosis to site of origin, and local control to total radiotherapy dose were observed. It is concluded that cure of disease can be achieved with the use of appropriate therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Central adenoid cystic carcinoma of the mandible.

A patient with adenoid cystic carcinoma arising centrally within the mandible, a rare location for this malignant salivary gland tumor, is described. Current concepts regarding the etiology, diagnosis, histology, and treatment of central intramandibular salivary gland tumors are discussed and the literature is reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

The role of radiotherapy in the management of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the head and neck.

Sixty-eight patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the head and neck treated by radiation with or without surgery were reviewed. The tumors were located in the major salivary glands in 15 patients and in the minor glands of various sites, mostly in the palate and/or upper gum, in 53. The local control rate was naturally better in the patients with elective postoperative radiation and those with recurrent disease who underwent radiation after repeated surgery for the purpose of tumor reduction than in patients with residual and/or inoperable tumors. For localized tumors in the oral cavity or maxillary sinus, local control was excellent using brachytherapy or "trimodal" combined therapy (radiation, drugs, and minor surgery). The effectiveness of radiation seemed to be more significantly related to the size of the tumor than the dose of radiation. The prognosis of the patients with a predominantly "solid" histologic pattern was apparently worse and presented fulminating progression of the disease. Among patients with a histologically typical cribriform pattern and/or undetermined pattern, although distant metastasis developed frequently, the majority survived a relatively long period without functional or cosmetic disturbance to their normal activities associated with slow progression of the disease. In minor gland tumors, as long as the lesion was localized and a solid histologic pattern was unlikely, radical radiation could be considered an effective choice with the advantage of enhancing the quality of life for the patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Craniofacial skeleton of 7-year-old children with enlarged adenoids.

In a radiocephalometric study of 7-year-old children, it was found that a diagnostically useful characteristic associated with the presence or past history of enlarged adenoids is a dorsal rotation of the mandibular ramus relative to the palate. This feature may also be common to other obstructions of the nasopharyngeal space. A possible mechanism causing this growth deviation and some methodological problems involved in its detection are discussed.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMed1990

Treatment of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the salivary gland, a three-field technique.

Clinical trials have demonstrated that fast neutron radiotherapy is the treatment of choice for advanced inoperable salivary gland tumors. A three-field technique utilizing a medically dedicated cyclotron to produce fast neutrons is described for the treatment of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the parotid. This three-field technique utilizes the cyclotron's multi-leaf collimator system to treat large asymmetric fields, which spare normal tissues otherwise treated with conventional wedged pair techniques. Field geometry, field weightings, and beam normalization will be discussed in relation to this three-dimensional treatment volume.

Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic↗
PubMed2006

An atypical presentation of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the lacrimal gland.

PURPOSE: To report a case of lacrimal gland adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) with an atypical initial presentation and to postulate an anatomical explanation for this unusual biologic behavior. DESIGN: Interventional case report. METHODS: An orbital magnetic resonance imaging study of a 58-year-old man who complained of progressive diplopia and orbital discomfort disclosed a soft tissue mass in the left cavernous sinus and orbital apex. The left lacrimal gland and the contiguous bone appeared normal. RESULTS: Biopsy of the intracranial mass revealed ACC of unknown origin which was judged to be unresectable. He underwent two cycles of intraarterial cytoreductive chemotherapy followed by a left medial maxillectomy with sphenoethmoidectomy, orbital exenteration, and chemoradiation. ACC tumor cells were identified in nerve fiber bundles surrounding and within the lacrimal gland. CONCLUSIONS: In patients presenting with an infiltrative mass in the cavernous sinus or orbital apex, metastatic disease from an occult lacrimal gland primary should be considered, even with a normal-appearing lacrimal gland.

Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic↗
PubMed2006

Microdissection genotyping analysis of the effect of intraarterial cytoreductive chemotherapy in the treatment of lacrimal gland adenoid cystic carcinoma.

PURPOSE: To investigate the feasibility of integrating molecular analysis into standard histopathology for lacrimal gland adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), and to gain insights into the molecular pathogenesis of this tumor and its response to intraarterial cytoreductive chemotherapy (IACC) that is of clinical use. DESIGN: A retrospective, comparative case series. METHODS: setting: Institutional. patient population: Nine consecutive patients with lacrimal gland ACC were treated with IACC, followed by orbital exenteration and chemoradiotherapy. This case series was compared with a series of seven patients treated by conventional local therapies. intervention procedure: Gene analysis was performed on microdissected tissue samples. Mutational allelotyping targeting nine genomic loci was performed with 15 polymorphic microsatellite markers situated in proximity to known tumor suppressor genes serving as markers for the presence of gene deletion. main outcome measure: A fractional mutation index was used to compare the acquired mutational load between different tumors having nonidentical patterns of microsatellite informativeness. RESULTS: Allelic imbalance (loss of heterozygosity [LOH]) for microsatellite markers at 1p36 was the single most common site affected by imbalance in this series, followed by LOH in temporal sequence involving 9p21, 22q12, 10q23, and 9q22. CONCLUSIONS: Microdissection genotyping holds promise as a clinical tool in integrating molecular analysis into standard histopathology to advance the understanding of lacrimal gland ACC tumorigenesis. A unique time course for temporal mutation acquisition in ACC is proposed, consisting of 1p36 loss first. Allelic loss for microsatellite markers at 1p36 may be a common as well as an early event in ACC formation and progression.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Expression of laminin 5 basement membrane components in invading and recurring adenoid cystic carcinoma of the head and neck.

OBJECTIVE: Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the head and neck grows slowly with structural differentiation, however, this tumor nevertheless also shows a highly invasive potential and a high recurrence rate. Extracellular matrices have been suggested to play an important role in the differentiation and growth of ACC. The aim of this study is to understand the roles of laminin 5 basement membrane (BM) components, including collagen IV and laminin gamma2 for the high degree of invasiveness and the recurrence of ACC. METHODS: Collagen IV and laminin gamma2 were immunohistochemically localized in tissue sections from nine patients with ACCs. RESULTS: Cribriform structures with pseudocysts were preserved in small invading tumor nests, and the expression of both of collagen IV and laminin gamma2 was observed in the inner border of the pseudocysts and the surrounding area of the tumor nests. In areas of perineural invasion, the BM components continued to be expressed around the long tumor nests. Recurrent tumors consisted of multiple small nests with a few tumor cell layers, and the expression of the BM components was observed on both the inside of the inner tumor cells and the outside of the outer tumor cells, which was an obviously different appearance from that of the primary tumor. CONCLUSION: ACC appears to possibly grow and invade using the laminin 5 BM matrices while also preserving their differentiated architecture. The laminin 5 BM matrices might play an important role not only in the differentiation and growth, but also in the invasion and recurrence of ACC of the head and neck.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2006

The sclerosing variant of adenoid cystic carcinoma: a previously unrecognized neoplasm of major salivary glands.

We report 2 cases of a previously unrecognized sclerosing variant of adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of major salivary glands. One of the tumors arose in the parotid and the other in the submaxillary gland of young adult patients. The tumors were composed predominantly of varying-sized large sclerotic and hypocellular nodules containing myoepithelial cells and pseudovascular spaces, most likely the result of artifactual retraction. In moderately cellular nodules, there were numerous small globules or spherules surrounded by myoepithelial cells similar to those of collagenous or mucinous spherulosis. Focal cribriform areas and ductal structures lined by epithelial cells were also identified. Both tumors showed perineural invasion. Electron microscopy revealed that both large nodules and small globules or spherules were composed of excessive amounts of basement membrane and thick-banded collagen fibers. The myoepithelial cells showed immunoreactivity for smooth muscle actin (SMA), S100 protein, and vimentin. Collagen IV showed variable reactivity in both the large nodules and small spherules. More cases of the sclerosing variant of ACC and long-term follow-up of the patients are needed to determine the biologic behavior of this unusual but distinctive variant of ACC.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Identification of candidate genes associated with salivary adenoid cystic carcinomas using combined comparative genomic hybridization and oligonucleotide microarray analyses.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the salivary gland often has a variable clinical course with a poor prognosis. To investigate DNA copy number aberrations associated with ACCs, we compared comparative genome hybridization data from ACCs (n = 6) with other types of salivary gland tumors such as adenocarcinomas (n = 3) and pleomorphic adenomas (n = 6). While 15 gain loci (1q32, 6p25, 6q21-q24, 7q11.2, 7q31, 10q11.2, 11p12-q12, 12q13, 12q14, 13q24, 16p13.3-13.2, 18p11.3, 18q23, 19q13.4, and Xq28) were detected, no DNA loss locus was evident. To examine the expression status of genes on the ACC-associated loci, transcriptional measurements of approximately 38000 human genes then were monitored using Affymetrix U133 Plus 2.0 GeneChips. A total of 4431 genes were found differentially expressed by at least two-fold between ACCs and normal salivary glands. Of them, 3162 genes were up-regulated and 1269 genes were down-regulated in ACCs. After obtaining locus information about the RNA transcripts from the Affymetrix database, we found 262 ACC-associated genes with increased expression on ACC-associated loci. To investigate functional network and gene ontology, the 262 genes were analyzed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis Tool. The function with the highest P value was a cancer-related function (P = 2.52e-4 to 4.71e-2). In addition, we identified pituitary tumor-transforming gene 1 and transformation related protein 63 genes that were up-regulated by increasing DNA copy number and modulated expression of oncogenes. These results suggested that the combination of copy number and gene expression profiling provides an improved strategy for gene identification in salivary gland ACCs.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2005

Copy number gains on 22q13 in adenoid cystic carcinoma of the salivary gland revealed by comparative genomic hybridization and tissue microarray analysis.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the salivary gland is a neoplasm characterized by slow but inevitable local progression and terminal hematogenous metastasis. To detect novel imbalanced chromosomal regions associated with tumorigenesis, we used chromosomal comparative genomic hybridization to screen 27 ACC. The most common aberration was copy number gain of 22q13 (nine cases) followed by gains of 16p (seven cases) and 17q (four cases) and copy number losses on 6q (six cases). To further delineate the prevalence of 22q13 copy number gains in ACC, fluorescence in situ hybridization was performed for five bacterial/phage artificial chromosome (BAC/PAC) probes from the 22q13 consensus region with 57 ACC on a tissue microarray. The overall prevalence of copy number gains on 22q13 was 30% of the tumors in the fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis, irrespective of histologic differentiation (cribriform/tubular vs. solid) or tumor event (primary vs. recurrent). We therefore assume that copy number gain of 22q13 is a novel frequent finding in ACC that may be involved in the initial pathogenesis of this neoplasm by proto-oncogene activation.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Chromosome 6 deletion and candidate tumor suppressor genes in adenoid cystic carcinoma.

As genomic deletion in chromosome 6 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), we assayed 58 paired normal and tumor samples for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) using 38 microsatellite markers spanning chromosome 6. Genetic loss occurred in 57% of cases, with the greatest loss found within a 10cM region flanked by markers D6S471 and D6S1687. Among the heterogeneous histologic subtypes of salivary gland carcinomas, only salivary duct carcinoma had a similar frequency of deletion in this region. This locus contains two major candidate tumor suppressor genes, PLAGL1 and LATS1. We analyzed the sequence of these genes in clinical samples of ACC, but found no tumor-specific mutations. Analysis of gene expression showed no substantial differences between samples of normal salivary gland and ACC, eliminating the most obvious candidate genes in this locus as tumor suppressors in ACC.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

The role of Schwann cell differentiation in perineural invasion of adenoid cystic and mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the salivary glands.

Twenty cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) and 18 cases of mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), were examined for expression of the Schwann cell markers S100 protein and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) by immunohistochemical staining. The relationship between expression of S100 and GFAP and the occurrence of perineural invasion was assessed. Ultrastructural localization of S100 and GFAP was examined by immunoelectron microscopy, and the co-expression of S100 and muscle actin by double fluorescence immunostain. Perineural invasion was found in 11 ACCs (55%) and 0 MECs (0%). S100 and GFAP were expressed in most of the ACCs but none of the MECs; the difference in the rate of perineural invasion and expression of S100 and GFAP was significant between ACC and MEC (P<0.001). There was a correlation between the expression of S100 and GFAP and perineural invasion in salivary malignancy (P<0.001). The ultrastructures of S100- and GFAP-positive cells were consistent with the characteristics of myoepithelial cells. Double fluorescence immunostain also showed that S100 and muscle actin were expressed in the same type of ACC cells. These results indicate that Schwann cell differentiation correlates with perineural invasion in salivary malignancy, and occurs in modified myoepithelial cells of ACC.

Adult↗