Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “data sharing”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 901 records · Page 50Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Neurological and neuropsychological complications of HIV infection, Monterey, California, June 16-19, 1990.

In summary this important conference covered the entire gamut of issues regarding retroviral damage of the central nervous system. Neuropathologists interested in this rapidly moving field should strongly consider attending the next satellite conference to be held in June 1991 in Florence, Italy. Given the almost carnival atmosphere that the parent International AIDS Conference has fallen into, this is an important satellite conference that lends itself well to the close sharing of data from a wide spectrum of neuroscience fields.

AIDS Dementia Complex↗
PubMed1991

Comparative analysis of signaling pathways between mast cell growth factor (c-kit ligand) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in a human factor-dependent myeloid cell line involves phosphorylation of Raf-1, GTPase-activating protein and mitogen-activated protein kinase.

Mast cell growth factor (MGF, the ligand for c-kit receptor) can stimulate proliferation of factor dependent myeloid cell line, M07e, and MGF synergizes with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or IL-3 in this effect. The effect of MGF on protein tyrosine kinase activity in M07e cells was investigated by immunoblotting with anti-phosphotyrosine mAb and this was compared with effects of GM-CSF. MGF stimulation rapidly induced or enhanced at least 12 tyrosine phosphorylated bands. Major bands had molecular weights of 145, 120, 110, 98, 62, 55 and 42 kD. P145, the most prominent phosphorylated protein, was identified as c-kit product using anti-c-kit-mAb (YB5.B8), suggesting ligand-dependent receptor autophosphorylation. Five of six tyrosine phosphorylated bands induced or enhanced by GM-CSF stimulation comigrated with those tyrosine phosphorylated by MGF (138, 120, 76, 55 and 42 kD). P42 was identified, at least in part, as mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase. MGF induced tyrosine phosphorylation of a complex of GTPase-activating protein (GAP, 120 kD) and GAP associated proteins (p62/p190) as detected by anti-GAP Ab immunoprecipitation followed by immunoblotting with anti-phosphotyrosine mAb. GM-CSF also stimulated slightly but consistently tyrosine phosphorylation of GAP and p190 but not p62. Both MGF and GM-CSF enhanced Raf-1 phosphorylation and increased Raf-1 associated kinase activity in vitro. Phosphoamino acid analysis revealed Raf-1 phosphorylation by these two growth factors occurred almost exclusively on serine residues. No tyrosine phosphorylation of Raf-1 protein was detected. These data suggest shared and unshared components of signaling pathways of both factors, which may be involved in cell proliferation.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1991

Occupational and industrial toxin exposures and the gastrointestinal tract. Gastrointestinal Toxicology Subcommittee of the American College of Gastroenterology Patient Care Committee.

The subcommittee on Gastrointestinal Toxicology of the Patient Care Committee of the American College of Gastroenterology has reviewed potential effects of exposures to occupational and industrial hazards on the gastrointestinal tract, liver and pancreas. This review is presented to 1) share clinical data concerning gastrointestinal toxicology, 2) emphasize the paucity of available information to the practicing clinician, and 3) stimulate basic research interest in this field.

Digestive System Diseases↗
PubMed1989

Pilot study report: obstetrical care by Texas family physicians.

Fewer family physicians are including obstetrics in their practices. This has caused concern about access to obstetrical care and has fueled the debate about the need for obstetrics curriculum in family practice residencies. Reasons frequently cited by previous research for this change in practice pattern include the rapidly escalating cost of liability insurance and the threat of lawsuit for obstetrical malpractice. The decrease in the availability of obstetrical care from family physicians has hampered access to obstetrical care, especially for rural Texans. Texas family physicians have not been surveyed previously about their obstetrical practices. For this pilot study I surveyed 205 of Texas' 4,700 family physicians and general practitioners (4%) about their past and present obstetric practices. The sample was randomly selected, and included both MDs and DOs. Of the 64.9% who responded, 28% were practicing obstetrics, 11% had never included obstetrics in their practices, and 61% had practiced obstetrics in the past. Forty percent of those who had discontinued obstetric practice did so after 1983. High malpractice premiums and fear of lawsuits were the most frequently chosen reasons for discontinuing the obstetric component of practice. Documenting this trend of decreasing availability of obstetrical care from family physicians, and sharing the data with policymakers, may help to prevent the disappearance of the family physician who delivers babies.

Female↗
PubMed1984

History and screen memories.

I propose that shared historical data can figure in a way comparable to personal history simultaneously to represent and conceal a person's childhood conflicts and memories. This phenomenon is compared to that of screen memories as described and defined by Freud. Two clinical examples demonstrating this vicissitude have been given. One is taken from the analytic transferential process, the other from an (extra-transference) consultation. The questions of the specific suitability of history for such a use is explored.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

HPCC and the National Information Infrastructure: an overview.

The National Information Infrastructure (NII) or "information superhighway" is a high-priority federal initiative to combine communications networks, computers, databases, and consumer electronics to deliver information services to all U.S. citizens. The NII will be used to improve government and social services while cutting administrative costs. Operated by the private sector, the NII will rely on advanced technologies developed under the direction of the federal High Performance Computing and Communications (HPCC) Program. These include computing systems capable of performing trillions of operations (teraops) per second and networks capable of transmitting billions of bits (gigabits) per second. Among other activities, the HPCC Program supports the national supercomputer research centers, the federal portion of the Internet, and the development of interface software, such as Mosaic, that facilitates access to network information services. Health care has been identified as a critical demonstration area for HPCC technology and an important application area for the NII. As an HPCC participant, the National Library of Medicine (NLM) assists hospitals and medical centers to connect to the Internet through projects directed by the Regional Medical Libraries and through an Internet Connections Program cosponsored by the National Science Foundation. In addition to using the Internet to provide enhanced access to its own information services, NLM sponsors health-related applications of HPCC technology. Examples include the "Visible Human" project and recently awarded contracts for test-bed networks to share patient data and medical images, telemedicine projects to provide consultation and medical care to patients in rural areas, and advanced computer simulations of human anatomy for training in "virtual surgery."

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1995

Needlestick injuries. A multidisciplinary concern.

This article outlines a variety of steps implemented by the medical center in an effort to reduce the number of needlestick injuries among nurses within our institution. Overall, we have seen a decline in needlestick injuries with the greatest decline among the nursing staff. We attribute this decline to staff education, improved needle-disposal containers, and the addition of needleless products for IV infusions. More important, a rigorous quality-management approach, including employee involvement, the sharing of data throughout the institution, and management commitment to the issue, has enabled continuous improvement. We are in the process of refining our methods so that future decisions regarding neddlestick injury reduction-activities will more specifically address problem areas.

Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The computerized clinical record: merely an academic discussion or an essential technology?].

The publication of the results of a study on improving patient records, recently completed by the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences, in the United States, where it was concluded that the Computer-Based Patient Record (CPR) was an essential technology for health care, witnesses the importance and expectations that patients, physicians and other health care professionals, hospital administrators and health systems managers, place on forms of management of clinical information that are more accurate, complete and efficient than what is possible with current methods. A large amount of work is in order, to develop standards for sharing clinical data between clinical information systems and for representing medical terminology and knowledge, to create legislation regarding data protection in CPR, and for the preparation of health care professionals for the information and technological demands of the future. Recent developments in database integration, and the experience of several CPR systems developed at academic institutions, have led to the progressive delineation of the architecture of modern CPR systems.

Computer Security↗
PubMed1994

[Usefulness of the interchangeable medical bibliography: introduction of "reference transform utility" program for Macintosh].

We made a text file format exchange program on HyperCard 2.0 for medical bibliography. Some database applications on Macintosh to manage the medical bibliography were available. FileMaker ProJ, EndNotePlus and Microsoft Excel were well known as popular databases and spread sheet application for Macintosh. The data format among the applications is not uniform. We need to translate a data format into another format to share the same data among these database applications. But it requires a lot of time and labor to make this conversion by manual operation. We have developed a file conversion utility program with HyperCard as a user friendly software.

Bibliography of Medicine↗
PubMed1996

Treatment efficacy: hearing aids in the management of hearing loss in adults.

Hearing impairment in adults is a prevalent chronic condition, associated with psychosocial and quality-of-life handicaps. Recent investigations have demonstrated that individuals with handicapping hearing impairments do indeed benefit from the rehabilitative services offered by audiologists, with the primary intervention being hearing aid provision. My objective here is to review the experimental research, program evaluation data, and case studies documenting the efficacy of hearing aids, with an emphasis on the functional and communicative benefits accruing from hearing aid use. It is hoped that the information contained herein will provide clinicians with outcome data to share with the hearing impaired, toward the goal of encouraging such individuals to take advantage, at least for a trial period, of one of the many technologies available to assist them to function better in their daily lives.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Costs. Sick pay.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Catchment Area, Health↗
PubMed2006

MGED standards: work in progress.

The Microarray Gene Expression Data (MGED) society is an international organization established in 1999 for facilitating sharing of functional genomics and proteomics array data. To facilitate microarray data sharing, the MGED society has been working in establishing the relevant data standards. The three main components (which will be described in more detail later) of MGED standards are Minimum Information About a Microarray Experiment (MIAME), a document that outlines the minimum information that should be reported about a microarray experiment to enable its unambiguous interpretation and reproduction; MAGE, which consists of three parts, The Microarray Gene Expression Object Model (MAGE-OM), an XML-based document exchange format (MAGE-ML), which is derived directly from the object model, and the supporting tool kit MAGEstk; and MO, or MGED Ontology, which defines sets of common terms and annotation rules for microarray experiments, enabling unambiguous annotation and efficient queries, data analysis and data exchange without loss of meaning. We discuss here how these standards have been established, how they have evolved, and how they are used.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Using belief networks to enhance sharing of medical knowledge between sites with variations in data accuracy.

Differences in data definition between sites are a known obstacle to sharing of reminder-system rule sets. We identify another data characteristic--data accuracy--with implications for sharing. We reviewed the literature on data accuracy and found reports of high error rates for many data classes used by reminder systems (e.g., problem lists). The accuracy of other, equally important, data classes had not been characterized. Wide variations in accuracy between sites has been observed, suggesting that such differences may pose a previously unrecognized barrier to sharing of reminder rules. We propose a belief-network model for encoding reminder rules that explicitly models site-specific data accuracy and we discuss how encoding knowledge in this format may lower the cost and effort required to share reminder rules between sites.

Artificial Intelligence↗
PubMed1996

Reducing risks in blood transfusion: process and outcome.

The last decade has seen substantial improvements in the provision of safe "infection-free' blood for patients in many countries. This has resulted from the combined effects of better donor education, selection, testing and exclusion processes. The residual risk of infection with HBsAg attributable to laboratory error is less than 0.1/ 100,000 (1/750,000). The risk for HIV remains to be quantified but may approach this figure. With such low risks it will be difficult to provide statistical evidence that further improvements in the process of selection, testing or exclusion will have an impact on reducing risk from either agent. Over the same time, less progress has been made reducing risk to the recipient attributable to problems in the clinical supply process, i.e. getting the right blood, to the right person, at the right place, at the right time. Uniform definitions of terminology defining blood donation characteristics, together with the sharing of performance data are essential if we are to make national and international comparison of the risks that patients face when they receive a transfusion. Equally, the use of agreed definitions, and the sharing of data on the clinical outcomes of transfusion can provide the key to better prescribing based on evidence of actual risks and benefits.

Blood Banks↗
PubMed2004

[Impact of introduction of the WHO tuberculosis-controlling recommendations adapted to the Russian conditions on the Russian statistical tuberculosis data].

The authors share their experience in introducing the WHO tuberculosis-controlling recommendations adapted to the Russian conditions into the Republic of Mariy El, in the Ivanovo, Oryol, and Tomsk Regions. All the areas are marked by high rates of diagnosis of MBT in the clinical diagnostic laboratories of the general medical network, by the increased rates of detection of patients of tuberculosis who isolate Mycobacterium tuberculosis, by the enhanced efficiency of treatment of patients with tuberculosis, as shown by the Russian statistical data, by the lower rates of growth of the contingents of patients with tuberculosis or by their reduction.

Guidelines as Topic↗
PubMed1980

A minicomputer network for diverse operating systems and languages.

Minicomputer networks have been proposed as a method of cost-effectively sharing system resources (data, programs, peripherals, etc.). The greatest impediment to the realization of such networks lies in the diversity of operating systems, languages, and input/output conventions now in use. An approach is described that makes possible the automatic sharing of data and resources among a variety of operating environments supporting multiple languages.

Cardiac Catheterization↗