Personal physician: an expert system designed for patients.
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Decision Trees↗
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Results for “User-Computer Interface”
Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.
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A computer-administered health screening interview for hospital personnel.
We developed a computer-administered health screening interview for the employees of an urban teaching hospital. The interview is part of the integrated Center for Clinical Computing (CCC) clinical information system used throughout the hospital, and is available on any of 2000 terminals. Conducted in private and with protection of confidentiality, the interview seeks information on medical problems and patterns of living for which behavioral change is considered desirable. In a four-year period ending in May 1994, 1937 employees completed the interview. The results showed that stress and unhappiness were common: 57% of the employees reported high levels of stress, and 42% reported feeling sad, discouraged, or hopeless in the previous month; 6% indicated that life sometimes did not seem worth living. Eighty-six percent of the employees expressed an interest in the health-related programs offered by the hospital: 72% were interested in the fitness center, and 37% in the stress-reduction program. We conclude that if interactive health-promotion programs are easily available, they will be used and appreciated in the work place. The programs can be written to reveal the employees' health concerns and stimulate their interest in promoting their own health.
Boston↗
An interactive computer system for formulary management using cost-effectiveness analysis.
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Anticholesteremic Agents↗
The gap between marketplace technology and hospital computing systems.
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Attitude to Computers↗
A unified approach to the design of clinical reporting systems.
Computer-based Clinical Reporting Systems (CRS) for diagnostic departments that use structured data entry have a number of functional and structural affinities suggesting that a common software architecture for CRS may be defined. Such an architecture should allow easy expandability and reusability of a CRS. We report the development methodology and the architecture of SISCOPE, a CRS originally designed for gastrointestinal endoscopy that is expandable and reusable. Its main components are a patient database, a knowledge base, a reports base, and screen and reporting engines. The knowledge base contains the description of the controlled vocabulary and all the information necessary to control the menu system, and is easily accessed and modified with a conventional text editor. The structure of the controlled vocabulary is formally presented as an entity-relationship diagram. The screen engine drives a dynamic user interface and the reporting engine automatically creates a medical report; both engines operate by following a set of rules and the information contained in the knowledge base. Clinical experience has shown this architecture to be highly flexible and to allow frequent modifications of both the vocabulary and the menu system. This structure provided increased collaboration among development teams, insulating the domain expert from the details of the database, and enabling him to modify the system as necessary and to test the changes immediately. The system has also been reused in several different domains.
Artificial Intelligence↗
Routine linear accelerator calibration measurements and reports logged and generated by the treatment recording and verification computer.
A system is described for recording weekly calibration results for both photon and electron beams for two linear accelerators. The system accommodates all possible combinations of electrometers and ion chambers that can be used in the calibration procedures. The calibration data and dosimetric constants for the instrumentation are password protected with privileged access to make changes only available to the physicist manager of the therapy QA program.
Calibration↗
Automated Speech-recognition Anatomic Pathology (ASAP) reporting.
Artificial intelligence speech-recognizers integrated with Laboratory information and Telefaxcommunication Systems have allowed for totally automated surgical pathology reporting. Automated Speech-Recognition Anatomic Pathology (ASAP) reporting improves the speed, text accuracy, comprehensiveness, and workflow management of diagnostic reports while eliminating support personnel. Healthcare reform goals of increased productivity and economy are furthered. Reports are rendered "as soon as possible" (ASAP) expediting appropriate clinical management and decreased length of stay and hospital costs.
Artificial Intelligence↗
The component-based architecture of the HELIOS medical software engineering environment.
The constitution of highly integrated health information networks and the growth of multimedia technologies raise new challenges for the development of medical applications. We describe in this paper the general architecture of the HELIOS medical software engineering environment devoted to the development and maintenance of multimedia distributed medical applications. HELIOS is made of a set of software components, federated by a communication channel called the HELIOS Unification Bus. The HELIOS kernel includes three main components, the Analysis-Design and Environment, the Object Information System and the Interface Manager. HELIOS services consist in a collection of toolkits providing the necessary facilities to medical application developers. They include Image Related services, a Natural Language Processor, a Decision Support System and Connection services. The project gives special attention to both object-oriented approaches and software re-usability that are considered crucial steps towards the development of more reliable, coherent and integrated applications.
Computer Communication Networks↗
Multimedia as part of the HELIOS SEE.
This paper discusses the approach taken in HELIOS towards defining a distributed multimedia component as part of the HELIOS Software Engineering Environment (SEE). A user requirements study, performed at the beginning of this project, led to a functional distinction between permanent kernel components and optional service components. The multimedia components cover audio and video capture, replay and synchronization. Medical imaging is considered as a separate service, developed by the German partner of the HELIOS consortium.
Computer Graphics↗
ARTEMIS-2: an application development experiment with the HELIOS environment.
A medical application is a highly complex system that embraces many data types and a very large number of data processing functions and methods. The development of integrated software engineering environments has deeply changed the conception of applications and the profile of the application developers. In this paper, we address the problem of the development process of a specific multimedia application, called ARTEMIS, within the distributed HELIOS environment. The application is intended to manage information about hypertensive patients, in particular, retrieval and display of administrative, clinical and biological data and display and analysis of digital angiography images and medical reports. The objective is to show how the developer can use, customize and organize the services HELIOS provides. A particular focus is set on reuse strategies and integration during the development process. A scenario has been realized and illustrates the current state of the application. The discussion focuses on the advantages of such distributed environments in medical application development.
Computer Communication Networks↗
The HELIOS Unification Bus: a toolbox to develop client/server applications.
In the medical domain, new developments commonly rely on client/server architectures. But face to distributed environments, the software developers encounter a tremendously increasing complexity when building integrated applications. This paper presents the HELIOS Unification Bus (HUB), a communication integration framework for the HELIOS medical software engineering environment that allows the exchange of data between components that can be hosted on heterogeneous machines linked by a network. The HUB is developed as a C++ toolbox over UNIX and TCP/IP. It includes a message routing entity called router and a generic application programming interface (API), implemented as a C++ library, that allows to build easily software components compliant with the standardised HELIOS language. Messages conveyed by the bus are composite objects that are serialized to be transmitted over the bus using the ASN.1 ISO presentation protocol. The article describes the use of the bus to ease the development and execution of distributed medical applications and its role from the communication integration standpoint.
Computer Communication Networks↗
Documentation and information services in the HELIOS project.
In a modern software project large amounts of documentation is produced. All parts of the complex software system require extensive documentation--both for reference purposes and promotional reasons. However, there are some aspects that often are forgotten or badly implemented; (i) the availability of on-line documentation, (ii) integration of the different formats of documentation, and (iii) the world wide promotional aspect. To solve these problems, the Helios project has chosen to integrate its public documentation and software material into a hypertext system using the World Wide Web.
Computer Communication Networks↗
Usability and efficiency. The HELIOS approach to development of user interfaces.
This paper describes the user interface related services of the HELIOS project. The design and implementation of efficient user interfaces is a prerequisite for successful introduction of computer support in health care ward units. Design principles must be based on a basic understanding of cognitive aspects of human-computer interaction, as well as on detailed knowledge about the specific needs and requirements of the health care professionals. In the HELIOS project, a style guide for design of user interfaces has been developed. The style guide defines detailed design guide-lines together with a set of interface elements specified for the ward domain. Development tools for construction and implementation of user interfaces to ward applications have been developed and integrated into the HELIOS SEE. The tools are based on the TeleUSE product, which has been extended and adjusted to the HELIOS specifications. A set of new widgets, designed to implement health care interface elements, has been incorporated into the development tool.
Computer Communication Networks↗
The HELIOS Image Related Services.
The HELIOS Software Engineering Environment is a tool for the construction of medical ward information systems. This paper describes the image processing tools which are a part of this system. The Image Related Services can be used both as ready-to-use end-user tools and as software modules for the construction of integrated multimedia applications. The tasks and architecture of the end-user tools and their integration into the HELIOS architecture are described. It is shown how the available image processing functionality can be used to build up new applications.
Computer Communication Networks↗
Neurosurgery online.
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Artificial Intelligence↗
The computer revolution snags some physicians in & out of the office: it's time to recognize the new era of the techno docs.
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Ambulatory Care Information Systems↗
Evaluation of the order entry system by end users--a step to the new hospital information system.
Nagoya University Hospital has developed a new, comprehensive computerized hospital administration system since April 1992. In the present study, a user's evaluation questionnaire survey on the order entry system revealed that the improvements at the human interface level were appreciated by some respondents, but not all users felt the human interface provided, adequately meets their needs. Another presumed advantage of the micro-mainframe-link architecture is fast response, but in our study respondents considered the response time too long. Most users felt that transmission of orders was fast, accurate and clear, and that fast retrieval of the results of laboratory tests was good. Our system with this kind of architecture has thus proved satisfactory except for the slow response time. This study will be useful to reengineer our hospital information system in the next phase.
Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
Clinical department use of three CD-ROM databases: a case study.
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CD-ROM↗