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Results for “Truth Disclosure”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

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PubMed1997

Disclosure issues and decisions of couples who conceived via donor insemination.

Disclosing the use of donor insemination (DI) to family, friends, and offspring poses a quandary for many DI patients. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to determine whether couples opted to share information about conception via donor sperm with their children, as well as the issues and concerns that arose for parents once infertility treatment was completed. Twenty-seven married heterosexual infertile husbands and wives who had used DI to conceive completed a follow-up questionnaire asking them about disclosure decisions as well as thoughts about DI as a reproductive option. Results revealed that nearly three-quarters of the sample had not disclosed to their child and did not plan to, although 85% had told at least one other person about conception via DI. With few exceptions, husbands and wives agreed about how to handle disclosure. Notably, 32% of the mothers reported not knowing when or how to disclose. However, the majority of couples were not offered psychological counseling prior or subsequent to DI. It is suggested that mental health professionals should be aware of the divergence of opinion between what they believe about the benefits of disclosure/counseling, the beliefs of infertile couples about disclosure and what is actually known about the benefits of full disclosure among all involved parties.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Fear of disclosure and popular stigmas contribute to bad outcomes. CDC finds that 1 in 5 people stigmatize HIV.

Two decades into the HIV epidemic, many Americans still are misinformed about how HIV is transmitted, and they continue to blame the disease on those who are infected, according to a new survey conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta. This widespread stigmatization of the disease and those who have it has led some HIV-infected people to delay testing and treatment, according to experts. And it affects th way some deal with workplace issues. Many HIV-infected workers are afraid to disclose their HIV status, even if the disclosure would enable them to seek reasonable accommodations for their health issues and treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Managed care regulation: in the laboratory of the states.

In the wake of failed national health care system reform, the responsibility of crafting public policy to respond to changes in the health care system has fallen largely to state governments. Beginning in 1995, state policymakers focused intensively on managed care regulation, adopting policies on a broad array of issues with important implications for patients, physicians, and the physician-patient relationship. To a surprising degree, the regulatory activity in diverse health care markets across the nation has reflected a shared set of concerns about managed care practices and trends. An evaluation of the impact of these state policies will provide essential information about the most effective role for government in promoting the physician-patient relationship and the rights of patients and health care professionals in the era of managed care.

Continuity of Patient Care↗
PubMed1997

The significance and applications of informed consent.

Bringing well-informed patients to the OR is a challenge for all who participate in surgical patients' care. Although the issue of informed consent has been around for a long time, it was not until the latter half of the twentieth century that health care professionals and patients began to focus on informed consent as a central concern in health care. This article explains the roots of informed consent, the path it has traveled, and the importance that health care professionals, especially perioperative nurses, play in ensuring that patients are fully informed about their impending procedures.

Comprehension↗
PubMed1997

Ethical issues in genetic research: disclosure and informed consent.

As research to correlate genetic status with predisposition to disease has accelerated, so has the concern that participation in such studies creates the risk of genetic discrimination and emotional distress. There is a need to broaden disclosure during the consent process to ensure that potential subjects understand these risks and other issues and to address them in the consent form. We describe the broad approach that we have taken in regard to disclosure and consent in gene mapping studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Medical models and legal categories: an English perspective.

Medical paternalism has been criticised for its denial of patients' rights. Though defended on grounds of patient welfare, it can also be detrimental to that interest. English law has predominantly endorsed medical paternalism, and the criticism of this stance has centered on patients' rights. But within established legal categories there is very little scope for analysis based on the rights of patients, the assertion of which may, in any event, not be conducive to the maximisation of their welfare. This article is primarily concerned with cases arising from the hospital setting, the source of most medical litigation. Its purpose is to argue that an approach grounded in the doctor's responsibility for the patient's welfare, but which affords due respect for patients' rights, accords with legal principle.

Contracts↗
PubMed1993

Howard: paternity and Pandora's box.

Howard, a young man named in a paternity suit, came to the Chief of the Genetics Clinic at a large teaching hospital to declare the charges against him false and ask for help in mounting evidence for his defense. Howard submitted to HLA testing, as did the mother and child; but in Howard's zeal to prove his innocence, he insisted that his siblings and parents also be tested to show conclusively there was no paternal link between himself and the child in question. The results of the tests solved one problem while creating another. Although the tests showed that Howard was not the father of the child as charged, the tests also indicated that the man Howard believed to be his own father could not, in fact, be his biological parent. The geneticist brought the case to the new ethics committee at a large teaching hospital to ask, "What, if anything, should be done with this information? Does a physician have the right to withhold information that, although acquired accidentally, would have great import for the patient?" In presenting his dilemma regarding Howard's situation, the geneticist also described a related and common problem of who owns the information. For example, a person comes in for genetic counseling about a particular family disorder. In the course of establishing a pedigree, it comes to light that there are relatives who are at high risk of developing a life-threatening disease that is preventable. What is the doctor's obligation to such a person who is not a patient and about whom crucial information has been learned through privileged communication?

Confidentiality↗
PubMed1996

Bioethics for clinicians: 4. Voluntariness.

In the context of consent, "voluntariness" refers to a patient's right to make health care choices free of any undue influence. However, a patient's freedom to make choices can be compromised by internal factors such as pain and by external factors such as force, coercion and manipulation. In exceptional circumstances--for example, involuntary admission to hospital--patients may be denied their freedom of choice; in such circumstances the least restrictive means possible of managing the patient should always be preferred. Clinicians can minimize the impact of controlling factors on patients' decisions by promoting awareness of available choices, inviting questions and ensuring that decisions are based on an adequate, unbiased disclosure of the relevant information.

Aged↗