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Systemic candidiasis: a study of 109 fatal cases.

To gain further insight into the clinical features of systemic candidiasis in the compromised host, 109 fatal cases were studied during the 2 months prior to demise and by complete autopsy examination. Fever, granulocytopenia, relapse of the malignancy and therapy with antibiotics and immunosuppressive drugs comprise the clinical profile of approximately 90% of the patients. Eighty-eight percent of the patients had more than one deep organ affected, excluding mucosal lesions of the alimentary and respiratory tracts. Major organs involved in order of highest frequency were the lungs, spleen, kidneys, liver, heart and brain. Candida albicans was the causative agent in 91 cases and other Candida species were implicated in 18 of the cases. Antemortem cultures of 2858 specimens were of limited diagnostic aid. Concomitant infections were frequent and usually the cause of death.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Bovine leptospirosis: experimental infection of pregnant heifers with a strain belonging to the Hebdomadis serogroup.

Twenty pregnant heifers were inoculated with a leptospire of the Hebdomadis serogroup. Leptospiraemia was accompanied by pyrexia which lasted from one to five days. Sixteen animals had relapses of fever. One of these aborted and two produced weak calves, one of which was premature. In the heifers, leptospires localised in the placentae, where they were demonstrable for 14-60 days after inoculation, and in the renal tubules for as long as 174 days. They were also demonstrated in liver, kidney and lung from the aborted fetus. Antibodies were detected in susceptible heifers six days after inoculation and maximum titres of up to 1:100,000 developed between 11 and 21 days. A titre of 1:10 was demonstrated in the serum of a premature live calf. These findings indicated that leptospires of the Hebdomadis group were capable of causing abortion in cattle.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMed1977

[Pathogenesis of equine infectious anemia (with reference to similar chronic viral infection)].

1. Equine infectious anemia (EIA) is an immunologically-medicated disease. Immune complexes formed in blood and tissues are responsible for most symptoms and lesions (anemia, splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, glomerulonephritis, etc.). In addition, a state of cellular hypersensitivity of the delayed type is involved in the pathogenesis. 2. Periodical attacks of pyrexia and clinical illness in the presence of immunity are caused by antigenically-modified variants of virus. By means of immunosuppressive treatments similar relapses of fever associated with the appearance of new virus variants can be also provoked during longlasting asymptomatic periods. 3. The mechanisms responsible for the lifelong persistence of virus are not fully elucidated. Obviously of prime importance is the viral antigenic drift allowing the virus to escape from humoral and cellular immune reaction. Finally, however, a state of cell-mediated immunity ensuring protection against homologous and heterologous virus strains may be reached. 4. Pathogenetic analogies and differences existing between EIA and other chronic viral infections of animals are recorded.

Animals↗