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PubMedDate not supplied

Stress, social support, and the transition to fatherhood.

Over the past ten years, nurses have shown increasing interest in understanding and assisting men in their transition to fatherhood. Inadequate data and lack of a framework for interpreting diverse studies have hindered the development of appropriate intervention strategies. In this article, a paradigm from the field of stress research is adapted to the transition to fatherhood. The new paradigm organizes and integrates the factors that impact on a man's experience of becoming a father. The utility of this paradigm in generating theory and hypotheses for future research is illustrated by fully exploring one of the potential variables impacting on fatherhood, i.e., social support. Through this process a better theoretical understanding of social support as well as a guide to future inquiry concerning fatherhood is acquired.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

The double-edged sword: paternalism as a policy in the problems of aging.

Paternalism--coercive or deceptive interference in a citizen's life for his own good--is much in evidence in our policies regarding the aged. Some argue that paternalism is an unwarranted denial of individual liberty, ,for doubtful societal gain. Others contend that freedom has but instrumental value, and the aged cannot always use it effectively to aid in pursuit of their own happiness. The philosophical and political choices made on behalf of the aged must be understood as imperfect compromises.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Fathers helping out: shared child care and marital satisfaction of parents of children with disabilities.

The relation between division of child care and marital satisfaction in couples rearing children with disabilities was explored. Greater father participation in child care was related to higher marital satisfaction for both parents. Higher family income was also related to higher marital satisfaction for fathers only. Results were discussed in the framework of recent adaptations to Hill's (1949) ABCX Model of Family Adaptation.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Paternal involvement after perinatal death.

This study describes paternal involvement after perinatal death in a large, mostly minority, lower socioeconomic status sample. Paternal presence at birth, holding the baby, and presence at a follow-up appointment were the indicators of paternal involvement. Perinatal death was defined as miscarriage, stillbirth, or neonatal death within 12 hours of birth. Data were collected from a retrospective chart review under the auspices of the Perinatal Mortality Counseling Program at Shands Hospital at the University of Florida, a tertiary care referral center in north central Florida. The sample included 722 cases of perinatal death between July 1978 and April 1991. The results indicated that many fathers experienced perinatal grief. More than half attended the birth, a quarter chose to hold their baby, and one fifth returned with the mother to follow-up appointments. Paternal-maternal cohabitation was the variable most predictive of the fathers' involvement after perinatal death. Race was predictive of the father being present at birth and at the follow-up visit, with white fathers more likely to be present than black fathers. Married fathers and those employed in a professional or manual labor occupation were more likely to be present at the birth than fathers who were unemployed, students, incarcerated, or in the military. Gestational age was predictive of the father holding the baby, with the likelihood increasing 1.04 times for each week of increase in gestational age. This study supports the need to include fathers in grief counseling, and the further investigation of the involvement of fathers when a perinatal death occurs.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Anthropology of the father role].

The anthropological basic characteristics of the "father role" are presented by means of biological and early cultural aspects. The "father role" in its origin arose from mothercentered groups. For them only the "social fatherhood" was of any importance. The female primary groups accepted that man as being "the father" who could provide maximum protection for mother and children. It was not until the post ice-age extinction of many wild animals and the transition to owning of domestic animals--the capital of the shepherds--that patriarchy did develop. Now the "biological fatherhood" as a means of controlling female fertility changed to be the focal point within euroasian cultures.

Animals↗