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PubMedDate not supplied

Patch testing with egg represents a useful integration to diagnosis of egg allergy in children with atopic dermatitis.

Our aim was to investigate atopy patch and skin prick test reactions to egg in 85 children with atopic dermatitis, and to evaluate their relevance by performing repeated open challenges with egg. Thirty-one percent of our patients showed an eczematous response to the challenge. Positive reactions to atopy patch and skin prick tests were recorded in 37% and 19%, respectively. Atopy patch test sensitivity proved significantly higher than that of skin prick test (79.6% vs. 46.2%), whereas specificity was lower (81.4% vs. 93.2%). Our data suggest that combined skin prick and patch testing improves screening for egg allergy in affected children, identifying 92% of those who were challenge positive among our patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Patch test reactivity to nickel alloys.

11 widely used nickel alloys were investigated with respect to corrosion stability and reactivity in nickel-sensitive individuals. Alloys with a nickel release in synthetic sweat exceeding 1 microgram/cm2/week gave a strong patch test reaction in nickel-sensitive persons; those with a release below 0.5 microgram/cm2/week showed weak reactivity with one exception. Nickel allergy is a health problem. It may be minimized by using nickel alloys with a corrosion level below 0.5 microgram/cm2/week. Action should be taken by dermatologists, industry and authorities to solve this neglected problem.

Alloys↗
PubMed1990

Tiopronin-induced lichenoid eruption in a patient with liver disease and positive patch test reaction to drugs with sulfhydryl group.

A 62-year-old woman suffering from liver cirrhosis developed lichenoid eruptions after 2 years of treatment with tiopronin. The lesions healed spontaneously within a month after withdrawal of the drug. In patch testing, the patient reacted positively, not only to tiopronin, but also to captopril and D-penicillamine, neither of which she had ever taken before. The provocation test was positive only to tiopronin, and its histological findings revealed lichenoid reaction. It is suggested that the sulfhydryl group may play a role in the etiology of tiopronin-induced lichenoid drug eruption.

Drug Eruptions↗
PubMed1990

Identification of contact allergens using the murine local lymph node assay: comparisons with the Buehler occluded patch test in guinea pigs.

A murine local lymph node assay has been developed for the identification of contact sensitizing chemicals. In the present study, the performance of the local lymph node assay has been evaluated with twenty-four coded chemicals of previously unknown skin sensitizing potential and the results compared with predictions made from concurrent occluded patch tests (Buehler tests) in guinea pigs. The data presented demonstrate that the local lymph node assay successfully identified those chemicals that were classified as moderate or strong skin sensitizers in the Buehler test. In the present series of experiments, chemicals predicted to be mild sensitizers in the Buehler test were classified as 'not strong sensitizers' in the local lymph node assay. In the majority of instances, the Buehler test and local lymph node assay were in agreement with regard to the identification of non-sensitizing chemicals. However, two chemicals that were classified as non-sensitizers in the guinea pig test exhibited positive responses in the local lymph node assay and were predicted to be sensitizers. Some coloured chemicals resulted in obscured Buehler readings and, here, assessment was based upon histological examination of the challenge site. These compounds were examined also in the local lymph node assay and similar predictions of sensitizing potential were made. Taken together, the data reveal close, but not absolute, concordance between the local lymph node assay and the Buehler test. The relative merits of these predictive test methods are discussed.

Allergens↗
PubMed1993

Quantitative and 3-dimensional analysis of Langerhans' cells following occlusion with patch tests using confocal laser scanning microscopy.

Quantitative and detailed 3-dimensional (3-D) morphological information can be obtained from the same tissue volume using a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). In the present study, we used CLSM for evaluation of Langerhans' cells (LC) in human skin at 0 h, 24 h and 48 h following occlusion with patch tests for 48 h. The relative volume of epidermal CD1a reactivity was quantified with CLSM on 25 microns thick sections stained with indirect immunofluorescence. No statistically significant difference was found when comparing the values obtained on the biopsy specimens from occluded skin (n = 36) with those from non-occluded skin (n = 9). Nor were any statistically significant changes detected in the number of epidermal CD1a+ cells as determined with immunoperoxidase staining between occluded and non-occluded skin. The occlusion produced a transient mild inflammatory reaction with an induced expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) on keratinocytes and an increased number of CD3+ epidermal lymphocytes. In addition, 3-D reconstructions revealed spatial information on the distribution of LC dendrites towards the skin surface.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Aluminium in Finn chambers reacts with cobalt and nickel salts in patch test materials.

Aluminium has a greater affinity for electrons than cobalt and nickel. Therefore, cobalt and nickel ions would be expected to exchange with metallic aluminium in Finn chambers. This theory has been proven to be valid, as shown in 2 series of experiments: first, cobalt and nickel salt solutions (0.25 M) etch a metallic aluminium surface; secondly, aluminium Finn chambers kept in 10(-3) M nickel salt solutions significantly reduce the concentration of dissolved nickel. Dichromate solutions do not etch an aluminium metal surface significantly. Petrolatum, which is routinely used as vehicle in standard patch tests, probably protects the aluminium of Finn chambers from the interaction of cobalt and nickel salts. The interaction may have significance in tests with solutions.

Aluminum↗