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PubMed1979

Biochemical changes induced by tumors at distant sites: altered transfer RNA profiles in livers of mice bearing plasmacytomas.

Tumor growth is known to have systemic effects upon the host's metabolism. We report here for the first time that histologically normal livers of mice bearing subcutaneous plasmacytomas contain chromatographic peaks of asparaginyl-, aspartyl-, histidinyl-, and tyrosinyl-transfer RNAs not found in significant amounts in normal livers. Lysyl-, prolyl-, seryl-, threonyl-, tryptophanyl-, and valyl-transfer RNAs, from normal tissues, but these tRNAs are not altered in livers of tumor bearing mice. This suggests that distant tumor growth causes a derangement in one of the liver enzymes that normally modify transfer RNA after transcription.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Comparison of the rate of aminoacylation of tRNA isolated from NMRI mouse liver with tRNA isolated from Krebs II ascites or mouse plasmacytoma cells.

A comparison of the initial rates of aminoacylation of tRNAs isolated from different sources for 17 amino acids was performed. tRNA was isolated from NMRI mouse liver (tRNA L) and from Krebs II ascites tumors (tRNA Asc), and aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases were prepared from the latter cells. The aminoacylation of tRNA Asc was 31-88% slower than the charging of tRNA L. In similar studies, tRNA from a mouse plasmacytoma tumor (tRNA Mt) and from suspension cultured cells of the same cell line (tRNA M) were compared to tRNA L in the aminoacylation reaction catalysed by synthetases isolated from tumor or suspension cultured cells. About half of the tRNAs (Mt or M) for the 17 amino acids tested differed in charging rate when compared to tRNA L, but the differences were not as great as those observed in the experiments where tRNA Asc and tRNA L were compared.

Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases↗
PubMed1996

Dietary phytohaemagglutinin slows down the proliferation of a mouse plasmacytoma (MPC-11) tumour in Balb/c mice.

Ten days after subcutaneous injection of MPC-11 cells, plasmacytoma tumours which developed in female Balb/c mice fed on a diet containing the kidney bean lectin phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) at a concentration of 7.0 mg g-1 diet, weighed only about 38% of those fed a lactalbumin (La) control diet. The reduction in growth caused by the lectin appeared to occur in a dose-dependent manner but the values did not reach significance before PHA was at a concentration of 7.0 mg g-1 diet. Pre-feeding with the lectin caused a further 50% reduction in tumour weight. In contrast to the reduction in tumour size the inclusion of PHA in the diet elevated the mean dry weight of the small intestine in a dose-dependent manner, values reaching significance at 3.5 mg g-1 diet. The results showed that gut hyperplasia was able to occur even in the presence of the developing tumour. A lypolytic effect of PHA occurred at high concentration. The observations suggest that PHA itself does not have a direct effect on the tumour cells, but an inter-relationship between gut hyperplasia and decreased tumour growth is indicated.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

N-linked oligosaccharides of the murine transferrin receptor from a plasmacytoma cell line. Comparison with total cellular N-glycans.

The N-linked oligosaccharides synthesised by the murine plasmacytoma cell line NS-1 have been analysed by lectin affinity chromatography on columns of immobilised concanavalin A (Con A), Lens culinaris (lentil), Ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA) and leuko-phytohemagglutinin (L-PHA). The majority of complex N-glycans in this transformed cell line were branched structures with only a low level of biantennary complex chains detected. The analysis showed the major complex N-glycan fraction consisted of a minimum sialylated triantennary structure. [3H]Mannose-labelled transferrin receptor was isolated from NS-1 cells by immunoprecipitation followed by electroelution from SDS polyacrylamide gels. The isolated receptor was digested with Pronase and the 3H-labelled glycopeptides analysed by lectin affinity chromatography. Analysis by Con A-Sepharose indicated that approx. 50% of the labelled glycopeptides were branched complex N-glycans (unbound fraction) while the remainder were oligomannose structures (strongly bound). The presence of tri and/or tetraantennary structures in the Con A unbound fraction was further suggested by the interaction of 61% of the fraction with L-PHA. The lectin profiles obtained for the complex N-glycans of the transferrin receptor glycopeptides were similar to those for the total cellular glycopeptides of NS-1 cells. Reverse-phase HPLC analysis of tryptic glycopeptides of the isolated [3H]mannose-labelled transferrin receptor gave three 3H-labelled peaks, indicating that all three potential N-glycosylation sites on the receptor are utilised. The Con A-Sepharose profiles of the three fractions indicated the presence of branched complex N-glycans and high mannose chains at each site. The profiles of two of the tryptic glycopeptide fractions were very similar, while the third had a higher content of oligomannose oligosaccharides.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Structure and activity of the translocated c-myc in mouse plasmacytoma XRPC-24.

In the mouse plasmacytoma XRPC-24 both c-mos and c-myc are rearranged. We cloned the rearranged c-myc and found that it was translocated to the immunoglobulin C alpha locus. The breakpoint is at the end of exon 1 in c-myc and approximately 0.5 kb upstream from exon 1 of C alpha. The cloned translocated c-myc linked to a strong transcriptional promoter can efficiently transform rat embryo fibroblasts when co-transfected with the activated Ha-ras. The transformed cells are tumorigenic in syngeneic rats.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MR imaging of hepatic plasmacytoma: a case report.

A case of kappa light chain multiple myeloma with space-occupying hepatic plasmacytoma is presented. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging shows an eccentric multiple-layer pattern of the liver mass and suggests malignancy. Differential diagnosis concerning the MR appearance of this rare hepatic tumor is discussed.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CT and MRI manifestations of primary pulmonary plasmacytoma.

Primary pulmonary plasmacytoma (PPP) is rare and its radiographic appearances have been seldom described. We report on a patient with PPP presenting with a hilar mass on chest radiograph. The diagnosis was confirmed by immunohistochemical study of the resected specimen. The computed tomographic and magnetic resonance imaging findings are presented.

Contrast Media↗
PubMed1995

The amino-terminal phosphorylation sites of C-MYC are frequently mutated in Burkitt's lymphoma lines but not in mouse plasmacytomas and rat immunocytomas.

We sequenced the region encoding the amino-terminal phosphorylation sites of C-MYC in the Ig/MYC translocation-carrying Burkitt lymphomas (BL), mouse plasmacytomas (MPC) and rat immunocytomas (RIC). Mutations affecting the Thr-58 codon or the immediate flanking region were found in seven of the 10 in vitro propagated BL lines. No mutations were found in any of the eight BL biopsies analysed. Germ-line sequences were also found in six in vivo and five in vitro passaged MPCs and in four in vivo transplanted RICs. These findings indicate that mutations in this region do not represent a general phenomena in Ig/MYC translocation-carrying tumours, but may confer growth advantage on BL cells under continuous in vitro propagation.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Oncostatin M stimulates proliferation in B9 hybridoma cells: potential role of oncostatin M in plasmacytoma development.

Oncostatin M was found to stimulate the IL-6-addicted hybridoma line B9. Leukaemia inhibitory factor did not stimulate proliferation of this line. Both of these factors bind to the gp130 of the IL-6 receptor. In another cell line that is stimulated by LIF (DA.1), neither IL-6 nor oncostatin M stimulated proliferation. Previously it had been thought that the gp130 alone is sufficient to bind ligand and transduce signal and that oncostatin M could bind to and activate the LIF receptor, but these data show this is not always the case. Mice primed with Pristane were found to have IL-6 in their sera and peritoneal fluid only at a few time points following Pristane treatment; this was determined by IL-6-specific ELISA. When the same samples were analysed on IL-6-addicted B9 cells, stimulatory activity was found at all time points. When the Pristane-primed samples were assayed for oncostatin M activity in the A375 melanoma assay, there was oncostatin M activity at various time points. IL-6 did not have activity on the A375 cells. These data indicate that oncostatin M play a role in the generation of plasmacytoma in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Extramedullary plasmacytoma of the nasal sinus cavities.

This is case report of extramedullary plasmacytoma occurring in the nasal cavity. These are unusual tumors especially in the nasal area. Patients present mainly with nasal symptoms on the same side of the tumors. The treatment consists of surgery resection, or, radiation, or both. There is a fifty percent survival rate in five years.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Solitary plasmacytoma of the sacrum. Radiologic findings of three cases.

We report the radiologic findings from three cases of solitary plasmacytoma (SP) of the sacrum. Common findings included lytic changes on computed tomography (CT) and relatively low signal intensity on T2-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) images, with intense enhancement after contrast administration. All cases showed infiltrating and slightly expansive growth, but the sacral structure was generally maintained. These radiologic findings may be of utility when generating a differential diagnosis of a solitary sacral tumor.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Outcomes and patterns of failure in solitary plasmacytoma: a multicenter Rare Cancer Network study of 258 patients.

PURPOSE: To assess the outcomes and patterns of failure in solitary plasmacytoma (SP). METHODS AND MATERIALS: The data from 258 patients with bone (n = 206) or extramedullary (n = 52) SP without evidence of multiple myeloma (MM) were collected. A histopathologic diagnosis was obtained for all patients. Most (n = 214) of the patients received radiotherapy (RT) alone; 34 received chemotherapy and RT, and 8 surgery alone. The median radiation dose was 40 Gy. The median follow-up was 56 months (range 7-245). RESULTS: The median time to MM development was 21 months (range 2-135), with a 5-year probability of 45%. The 5-year overall survival, disease-free survival, and local control rate was 74%, 50%, and 86%, respectively. On multivariate analyses, the favorable factors were younger age and tumor size <4 cm for survival; younger age, extramedullary localization, and RT for disease-free survival; and small tumor and RT for local control. Bone localization was the only predictor of MM development. No dose-response relationship was found for doses >30 Gy, even for larger tumors. CONCLUSION: Progression to MM remains the main problem. Patients with extramedullary SP had the best outcomes, especially when treated with moderate-dose RT. Chemotherapy and/or novel therapies should be investigated for bone or bulky extramedullary SP.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2005

Radiotherapy for solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma in the head-and-neck region: A dose greater than 45 Gy to the target volume improves the local control.

PURPOSE: Our aim was to determine the dose to the clinical target volume (CTV) required for solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) in the head and neck (HN). METHODS AND MATERIALS: Seventeen patients (15 Stage I and 2 Stage II) were treated for HN EMP at our institution between 1979 and 2003. The mean International Commission on Radiation Units (ICRU) dose prescribed to the CTV was 52.6 Gy (range, 40-65 Gy) over 24 fractions (range: 20-30). The Stage II patients received neck irradiation doses of 40 and 60 Gy. A mean dose of 36.4 Gy was used for 5 Stage I patients who received elective neck irradiation. Dose administrated to the CTV was evaluated from dosimetric data or from planning films when dosimetric data were not available. Two groups of patients were distinguished: CTV covered with a dose greater than 40 Gy and CTV covered with a dose greater than 45 Gy. RESULTS: The 5-year local control was 72.8%. It was 100% for patients who received dose to the CTV > or = [DOSAGE ERROR CORRECTED] 45 Gy vs. 50% for dose to the CTV <45 Gy (p = 0.034). The prognostic factor for 5-year disease-specific survival (81.6%) was local control (p = 0.058). The prognostic factors for disease-free survival (64.1%) were monoclonal immunoglobulin secretion (p = 0.008) and a CTV dose > or = 45 Gy (p = 0.056) CONCLUSIONS: Local control of EMP in the HN seems to be improved when the dose to the CTV is > or = [DOSAGE ERROR CORRECTED] 45 Gy. A minimum dose of 45 Gy should be recommended to the CTV.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Solitary plasmacytoma of bone in two successfully treated cats.

This is the first report of feline solitary plasmacytoma of bone. We describe the clinical, clinico-pathological, radiographic and pathological findings of two successfully treated cats with long-term follow-up. The first case presented with spinal pain and neurological deficits. Radiographs demonstrated sclerosis of lumbar vertebra L6 and a myelogram confirmed interference to flow of contrast in the L4-7 region. A biopsy of L6 revealed neoplastic plasma cell infiltration. There was no evidence of paraproteinaemia on serum protein electrophoresis. The cat underwent hypofractionated megavoltage radiotherapy. Clinical signs resolved completely and 4 years after diagnosis the cat remains well and has no electrophoretically detectable paraproteinaemia. The second case presented with neurological deficits of the tail and spinal radiographs revealed extensive osteolysis of the sacrum. A biopsy of sacral bone demonstrated neoplastic plasma cell infiltration. The animal was normoglobulinaemic. The cat improved clinically with induction chemotherapy (melphalan and methylprednisolone). The same chemotherapeutics were continued at maintenance doses for 4.3 years, at which time there was recurrence of neurological deficits and a palpable sacral mass. Cytological examination of a fine needle aspirate confirmed recurrence of plasma cell neoplasia. A low concentration monoclonal paraproteinaemia was detected. Vincristine was administered resulting in resolution of neurological deficits and a palpably smaller sacral mass. Eighteen months into vincristine therapy, there was recurrence of clinical signs and the cat was euthanased, more than 6 years after the initial diagnosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Plasmacytoma manifesting as recurrent cellulitis and hematic cyst of the orbit.

PURPOSE: To describe a patient with recurrent periorbital cellulitis and orbital blood cyst as the initial manifestation of primary extramedullary plasmacytoma. METHODS: The chart, imaging studies, and histopathologic examination results and literature on the subject were reviewed. RESULTS: Orbital surgery disclosed a hematic cyst along with a solitary plasma cell tumor. CONCLUSIONS: Periorbital cellulitis and pain can be a manifestation of a plasma cell tumor. Bleeding may occur within a necrotic orbital tumor.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Surgical resection of a solitary plasmacytoma originating in a rib of a patient with Castleman's disease.

Castleman's disease is a rare disorder characterized by lymphoid hyperplasia. It may present as asymptomatic involvement of one lymph node group or as a multicentric disease with systemic features. We report a patient with Castleman's disease who presented with axillary lymphadenopathy associated with a solitary plasmacytoma originating from a rib. The affected rib was surgically resected and radical radiotherapy was subsequently administered to the axillary lymph nodes. In this particular case, a joint surgical and oncologic approach resulted in a successful outcome.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Plasmacytoma arising in a pacemaker pocket.

A 48-year-old man developed a plasmacytoma in the subcutaneous pocket of a titanium covered pulse generator that had been inserted sixteen months previously. The tumor represented a cutaneous manifestation of myelomatosis. The presence of a pacemaker may affect the detection and treatment of tumors arising in the region of pulse generator pockets. Possible cause-and-effect relationships are explored.

Carcinogens↗
PubMed1975

Macroscopic ovarian involvement in murine plasmacytoma.

In all ovaries of BALB/c/Se/Si mice carriers of plasmacytoma LPC/I, a plasmacellular proliferation was histologically observed. In 30% of the examined mice the proliferation had reached a macroscopical expression. This finding has not been previously observed.

Animals↗