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PubMed1983

Planning high-carbohydrate, high-fiber diets with a microcomputer.

Current research suggests that a diet high in carbohydrate and fiber (HCF) may be useful in the management of diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertriglyceridemia. To meet the needs of our clinic population, a microcomputer program has been developed that allows for individualization of HCF menu patterns that satisfy both the diet prescription and the patient's preferences. Educational materials were prepared to guide and augment the HCF diet instruction. It is hoped that this comprehensive approach to diet planning and teaching can be applied in similar settings to facilitate the delivery of quality patient care.

Boston↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Felix-M18 microcomputer-controlled automation of spectrofluorometric measurements with applications in virology.

A system consisting of an Aminco SPF-500 spectrofluorometer interfaced to the Felix-M18 microcomputer was used in the automation of spectrofluorometric measurements with applications in virology. Programs, routines and subroutines in BASIC and in assembly language allow the operation of the spectrofluorometer and the processing of photometric data. The high efficiency of the system is illustrated by an application: the characterization of the fluorescence anisotropy value in polarized light of an influenza virus suspension preincubated with a fluorescent probe.

Computers↗
PubMed1983

The application of a microcomputer for enzyme immunoassay (Emit) determination of serum quinidine concentrations.

Quinidine is a commonly used drug for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. Avoidance of toxicity and monitoring of therapy can be readily accomplished by determining serum concentrations of quinidine by enzyme immunoassay (Emit) using a centrifugal analyzer and reducing the data with a desk-top microcomputer. For therapeutic and toxic drug ranges maximum within-run CV was under 6.0%, while between-run CV was under 10.0% in the therapeutic range and under 15.0% in the toxic range.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

Online searching by microcomputer.

Adding a telecommunications package to a microcomputer provides a new way to perform online bibliographic searching, called microsearching. Using the IBM PC microcomputer/Hayes Smartmodem 1200B combination for microsearching, an information service can produce custom-tailored bibliographies for individuals and topical bibliographies for group distribution.

Bibliographies as Topic↗
PubMed1983

CO2 responses in infants: on-line display and analysis using a microcomputer and waveform analyzer.

This report describes a new system for measuring and recording ventilatory responses to inspired CO2 in infants, which consists of a nasal pneumotach, microcomputer, and a waveform analyzer. The waveform analyzer measures ventilatory responses on-line and displays them in real-time, breath-by-breath. Thirty-two ventilation studies were performed in 24 normal, full-term infants (3-300 days of age). The mean ratio of delta VE/ delta PACO2 was 44.3 +/- 22.9 (SD) ml/kg X min X mm Hg BTPS (range 15.0-121.2). We believe this new system is a significant improvement over previous methods for measuring and recording ventilatory responses of infants.

Carbon Dioxide↗
PubMed1983

Use of a microcomputer in the intensive care unit.

A microcomputer was programmed by ICU personnel to serve as a ready-reference manual data organizer, and source of continuing education. All members of the ICU staff can use the system at any time and no prior training in computer technology is required. Ten programs dealing with common clinical situations are in use, including arterial blood gas analysis, electrolyte analysis, differential diagnosis of shock, adverse drug interactions, inotrope calculations and infusion rates, ventilator management and trouble-shooting, management of intravenous hyperalimentation, derived cardiovascular variables, and coronary risk factor analysis and management. Medication errors have almost been eliminated with use of the computer. Total cost of the system is less than $5000.

Asthma↗
PubMed1984

[The microcomputer in bacteriology. Value in the automated performance of antibiograms in hospitals].

In microbiology, most computerization is carried out by means of important centralized computers. On the contrary, our work is based upon the use of inexpensive microcomputers. We have developed general programs for the acquisition of data, their correction, and retrieval of lists arranged according to desired parameters (hospital department, germ, or sample) and various statistics, especially with respect to germ sensitivity. This system has been used on a routine basis since April 1982 in the Bacteriology Laboratory of Nancy University Hospital. It could easily be adapted to other laboratories and could provide a wide range of essential epidemiological data on the resistance of bacterial strains to antibiotics and their evolution with time.

Computers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Microcomputer-assisted open field measures of rats given ethanol on postnatal days 1-8.

This study examined direct effects of postnatally administered ethanol upon growth and adult open field behaviors in male rats. Charles Rivers CD albino rats (13 litters) were used in 5 groups; ethanol, Sustagen, pair-fed, handled, or unhandled. Experimental animals were intragastrically fed ethanol (Sustagen [Mead Johnson] vehicle) twice daily, comparable volumes isocaloric Sustagen, handled or left unhandled. Ethanol doses on postnatal days 1-8, respectively, were: 1, 2, 3, 4, 4, 3, 2, 1 g/kg. Ethanol-pups ceased weight gains at 4 g/kg; a handled pup, kept with a nonlactating female until its body weight matched its ethanol littermate, became a pair-fed control. Group body weights did not differ from day 21 throughout the experiment, day 154. Open field testing (day 120-124) used microcomputer programs to record event times and frequencies. Ethanol-treated rats had lower activity and longer start latencies (p less than 0.05) but did not differ on other computer-timed measures. Unhandled animals displayed some differences. When underfeeding effects are eliminated, ethanol (up to 4 g/kg) given on postnatal days 1-8 produced open field activity changes that persisted until day 120.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Use of a personal microcomputer for orthoptic therapy.

Personal microcomputers have become almost commonplace in the last few years. Their great flexibility and ability to present graphic images on demand would seem to make them ideal tools for use in a visual training program. We have written such a program for doing fusional vergence therapy that interacts with the patient and stores the results of the training sessions. The features of the program are described and the results from two patients are summarized.

Accommodation, Ocular↗
PubMed1984

[Microcomputer processing of medical records].

The necessity of computers becoming undeniable, authors have brought up the project of a program for management and treatment of medical files on a hospital word scale. Using a monoposte microcomputer, characterized by its simplicity, autonomy and low cost, this system is to be considered among the centralized multi-ramified systems, whose results as far as using the medical parameters are unsatisfactory.

Computers↗
PubMed1984

Using a microcomputer program to avoid sunburn.

A simple microcomputer program is described which is designed to calculate the time that can be spent in the sun without the risk of sunburn following the input of the seven variables listed below: Time of year (month); Weather; Subject's complexion; Subject's activity outdoors; Whether or not a sunscreen is being used; Subject's geographical latitude on the Earth's surface; Time of day at which sun exposure begins. The calculated 'safe exposure time' is, of course, not exact, but it will give a reasonable guide to follow.

Computers↗
PubMed1984

Microcomputer program for the determination of haemodynamic indices using measurements obtained with a balloon-tipped pulmonary artery catheter.

A microcomputer program is described which facilitates the calculation of data from physiological variables measured using a flow directed, balloon-tipped thermal dilution pulmonary artery catheter. Eleven variables may be calculated and left ventricular function may be displayed graphically using as coordinates left ventricular stroke work index and pulmonary artery wedge pressure. Successive measurements may be easily compared and the program has proved valuable in the management of patients monitored with a right heart catheter.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1983

Microcomputer acquisition and processing of uterine contractions.

A microcomputer system was implemented for reliable, fast and accurate study of in vitro myometrial activity. By the analog-to-digital conversion, uterine contractions are captured, digitized, stored in magnetic disks and subsequently recalled for its mathematical analysis. The system allows to calculate area under the curve, dose-response curves and other parameters, including complex analysis of myometrial activity. Precision and saving time are the main advantages of the system, and it can be used to study any kind of biological waves. Because its low cost and simplicity, this system seems to be suitable for laboratories of physiology, pharmacology or biophysics.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A method for cooperative or noncooperative binding studies using nonlinear regression analysis on a microcomputer.

Ligand-macromolecule interactions are studied by nonlinear regression analysis performed using a microcomputer (SYMAG-Micromachine 3000/Z). The basic phenomenon is described by the Clark equation B = (Formula: see text), where B and F represent bound and free ligand, respectively, Ni the total concentration of binding sites, and Ki their corresponding affinity constant. The programs of calculation have been extended also for Hill and for Adair equations using the Gauss algorithm described by E. E. Beaulieu and J. P. Raynaud [Eur. J. Biochem. 13, 293 (1970)]. A statistical test of F type is introduced to test the quality of the fit and compare the representations of the phenomenon using the different equations.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

A densitometer based on a microcomputer and TV camera, for use in the clinical laboratory.

We describe a microcomputer-based densitometer that includes a television camera for the analysis of one- and two-dimensional electrophoresis gels. The hardware configuration is a modification of that described by Mariash et al. (Anal Biochem 212: 388-394, 1982). The video signal is digitized by a commercially available interface, yielding 1 of 64 greyscale values for each pixel examined. The operator controls the region being analyzed through the use of a joystick and video monitor. We have optimized the linear response range (0-1.5 A) and have written a relatively simple control program ("GELSCAN 5.0"). For analyses of one-dimensional gels, the required operator decisions include the start and finish points of the gel, the width of the scan (analogous to slit size), and the level of background correction. The digital information may be stored on disk, displayed by one of several graphic routines, and analyzed for total scan and individual peak absorbance values. Similar analyses may be done with two-dimensional gel spots.

Computers↗
PubMed1984

Archie: the use of a microcomputer in an allergy clinic.

In an attempt to improve the efficiency and quality of allergy history taking we surveyed the practice of 57 allergy clinics in the UK. After studying their methods we developed a computer program based on a relatively inexpensive (pounds 2500) microcomputer system to obtain a detailed history from patients suffering from asthma or rhinitis. The program automatically suggests appropriate allergy tests depending on the answers given to the questions. Details of the history and the results of tests are collated and printed in a form suitable for storing in the patient's records, and are filed on magnetic disk for subsequent analysis. Computer interrogation was accepted and enjoyed by patients.

Asthma↗
PubMed1983

Inexpensive microcomputer for intravenous admixture service applications.

A microcomputer system for maintaining data on intravenous piggyback (IVPB) admixture use and for generating labels for IVPB admixtures is described. The system was developed in a 558-bed hospital where the pharmacy compounds 500-800 i.v. admixtures daily. The objectives were to (1) provide an electronic profile with quick patient-search capabilities, (2) reduce time spent and errors occurring in labeling, (3) decrease duplication and consequent waste of admixtures, and (4) improve collection of drug-use statistics. Software was developed by the pharmacist to achieve these objectives. When a drug order is entered, files are automatically searched for duplication. Every 24 hours, labels for the entire patient profile are printed and statistics are generated on types of drugs used, number of each type of drug, total number of patients on IVPBs, and total number of IVPBs. A user's manual was developed and staff-training sessions were held before the system was implemented. In the first 24 months of operation, most computer downtime was caused by hardware problems. Four man-hours per day were saved in typing time (+7000 annual cost reduction). Waste of approximately six admixtures daily was prevented (+5000 annual savings). Total software development and implementation cost +5000, and hardware cost +4200. The total cost of the system was thus realized during the first year of operation.

Computers↗