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Results for “Intradermal Tests”

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PubMed1980

Reaginic antibodies to drugs used in anesthesia.

Twenty-four patients survived life-threatening clinical anaphylaxis due to anesthesia. In each case the diagnosis of anaphylaxis was confirmed and the responsible drug was found by intradermal testing. To determine whether the reactions were anaphylactic or anaphylactoid, serum from each patient was tested for reaginic activity using Prausnitz-Kustner (PK) testing in human subjects and monkeys and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) testing at four and 24 hours in monkeys. Positive results of PCA testing at four hours were repeated with serum that had been heated to 56 C for two hours. Drugs used in testing were Althesin, thiopental, succinylcholine, gallamine, d-tubocurarine, and alcuronium. Vehicles and antioxidants were tested separately. Positive tests suggestive of the presence of reaginic antibodies occurred with sera from 15 patients who had had previous exposure to the drug. Nine patients had tests suggestive of IgE antibodies on first exposure, suggesting that cross-sensitivity may be a factor in such reactions to muscle relaxants. Two patients had positive tests for IgG antibodies. This is further evidence of the role of this mechanism in immediate allergy and demonstrates another mechanism by which anaphylaxis can occur without previous sensitization. Four patients had positive tests for IgE antibodies after previous exposure. It was concluded that it is not possible to determine the mechanism of anaphylaxis from a history of previous exposure.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed2001

Rocuronium: high risk for anaphylaxis?

Patients suspected of anaphylaxis during anaesthesia have been referred to the senior author's clinic since 1974 for investigation. Since release of rocuronium on to the worldwide market, concern has been expressed about its propensity to cause anaphylaxis. We identified 24 patients who met clinical and laboratory (intradermal, mast cell tryptase and morphine radioimmunoassay) criteria for anaphylaxis to rocuronium. The incidence of rocuronium allergy in New South Wales, Australia has risen in parallel with sales, while there has been an associated fall in reactions to other neuromuscular blocking drugs. Data from intradermal testing suggested that rocuronium is intermediate in its propensity to cause allergy in known relaxant reactors compared with low-risk agents (e.g. pancuronium, vecuronium) and higher-risk agents (e.g. alcuronium, succinylcholine).

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1988

Anaphylactic reaction after atropine.

A 38-year-old woman developed symptoms of anaphylactic shock after intravenous atropine and required adrenaline to maintain perfusion pressure. A strongly positive response was obtained on intradermal testing. The Prausnitz-Kuestner test was also positive, which indicated the presence of drug specific IgE antibodies. No response was obtained after hyoscine.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Woman allergic to husband's sweat and semen.

A woman complained of severe itching and flushing after sexual intercourse or other physical contact with her husband. She developed a weal and flare on intradermal testing with her husband's semen and sweat, pooled donor semen and the sweat from her 2 sons. This is a report of allergy to human semen and the 1st reported case of allergy to human sweat.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

The possibility of GST antigen from Chinese strain of Schistosoma japonicum for immunodiagnosis of schistosomiasis.

The GST antigen (called 26-28 kDa antigen) extracted and purified from Schistosoma japonicum adult worms was applied to the detection of specific antibodies in sera of infected mice and mice immunized with the above protein antigen by ELISA technique. The 26-28 kDa antigen was better than crude antigens (SEA, SWAP) when used to detect specific antibodies in sera from immunized mice. As with crude antigens (SEA and SWAP), the 26-28 kDa antigen could be used to detect specific antibodies in infected sera, with titers as high as 1:160-1:320. There were no false positive reactions and a positivity rate as high as that using SWAP occurred when the 26-28 kDa antigen was used in schistosomiasis patients and normal subjects by intradermal test. It is suggested that the 26-28 kDa antigen may be a suitable candidate for immunodiagnosis of schistosomiasis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Potency assay of diphtheria antitoxin in Vero cell microcultures.

Laboratory conditions were established for the titration of diphtheria toxin and antitoxin in Vero Cell Cultures (CCT) and a comparison was made with the intradermal test (IDT) as currently used throughout the world. Working dilutions and cut off values were established by reading both the change in color of phenol red used as pH indicator and changes in cell viability in the microscope. CCT shows high reproducibility and higher detectability than IDT in the titration of both WHO Reference Standard and high titer horse antisera. In sera of guinea pigs immunized for potency testing of diphtheria toxoid the titre was approximately 10 times lower than in the IDT. The explanation is a subject of speculation. The Vero cell titration might be adopted as such for titration of diphtheria antitoxin. In the case of the toxoid potency test it could be used if the limit for the titration is adjusted to 0.2 IU considering the equivalence obtained between the two tests, by taking into account a ratio of 1:10 between CCT and IDT.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Severe bronchospasm in an asthmatic patient following alcuronium and D-tubocurarine.

An asthmatic patient developed intense bronchospasm immediately following the administration of alcuronium and d-tubocurarine in the same anaesthetic. Intradermal test was positive for both of these drugs but negative for thiopentone and suxamethonium, both of which were given prior to alcuronium. The differential diagnosis and the possible mechanism of the reaction are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

A study of Western Red Cedar sensitivity: workers' allergy reactions and symptoms.

In 154 individuals who work with Western Red Cedar in Japanese wooden frame factories a high incidence (24.7%) of bronchial asthma was observed. A positive intradermal test was found in 89% of the asthmatics and in 56% of all. A highly positive inhalation test was obtained only in the asthmatic group. It is suggested that other symptoms in addition to bronchial asthma might be caused by Western Red Cedar because of the frequency of positive skin reactions to the Western Red Cedar antigen.

Asthma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of prolonged administration of ketotifen on skin reactions.

27 patients suffering from respiratory Allergies (asthma and/or rhinitis) were studied. They were given 25 micrograms of ketotifen/k/every 12 hours for a period of 6 months intradermal tests with house dust and Skin prick tests with D. pteronissinus, D. farinae and 7 grass mix were carried out at the start of the study, and at 3 and 6 months, at which times no significant reduction in induration and erythema was observed.

Allergens↗
PubMed2000

Latex hypersensitivity in a child with diabetes.

BACKGROUND: A 6-year-old girl who was diagnosed with diabetes mellitus 20 months previously developed erythematous, raised lesions at the site of her insulin injections. The reactions occurred when isophane and lispro insulin were administered individually or combined but not when insulin was obtained from the bottle after the septum had been removed. OBJECTIVES: To describe latex hypersensitivity in a child with diabetes and to review the literature. DESIGN: Case report. RESULTS: Findings from intradermal testing confirmed latex hypersensitivity. A change to insulin administration by insulin pen decreased the frequency of the reactions. CONCLUSION: Latex hypersensitivity should be considered in children with type 1 diabetes who develop local reactions to insulin injections.

Child↗
PubMed2003

[Prevention of severe reactions after iodinated contrast media injection: review of the literature].

One of the goal of a premedication before contrast agent injection is to decrease their adverse effects. However, no randomized study was published to date on the value of a systematic premedication for the prevention of immediate severe reactions. A knowledge of pathophysiological mechanisms and patients at risk seems to be essential. The allergic mechanism is probably one of the etiologic diagnosis, but this hypothesis needs to be confirmed by a multicenter prospective study. A patient who has had previous allergic reaction with contrast agent should undergo intradermal tests so as to identify and eliminate the culprit contrast medium in order to avoid any subsequent allergic accidents. Indeed, measurement of specific IgEs has not been validated for contrast media. The test dose should be discarded because it is a false security. The eventuality of adverse effects of the drugs used for premedication should not be underestimated.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗
PubMed1985

Probable histamine liberation with atracurium. A case report.

An histaminoid reaction after the administration of thiopentone and atracurium is described. Serial blood sampling showed no evidence of complement activation. Intradermal testing 6 weeks later yielded a positive result with atracurium (1 in 1000), but not with thiopentone. The clinical course of the reaction and the subsequent investigations suggest a direct pharmacological liberation of histamine.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Characteristics of the biological activity of staphylococcal allergens obtained from various strains laboratory animals].

The authors suggest an optimal scheme of guinea pig sensitization for the assessment of specific activity of staphylococcal allergens. On milliard cells of killed staphylococcal culture are injected to the animals into the paws of the limbs; two and a half weeks later an intradermal test with an allergen in a dose of 10 microgram by protein was made. Differences in the specific activity of staphylococcal allergens prepared of various strains were revealed. Biochemical properties of the strains proved to be of significance for the sensitization.

Allergens↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Treatment of extrinsic bronchial asthma with transfer factor].

A group of 90 external asthmatics with cellular immunodeficiency or not was studied and treated during 10 months with transfer factor or double blind placebo. Total immunoglobulin serum studies (A, G, M and E), spontaneous rosette and intradermal tests, were made a month before the treatment's beginning and a month after the ending of the treatment. The patients were clinically evaluated every day in accordance to the intensity and the frequency of their crisis and with the immunological point of view of the tests made. There was not significant differences between the study groups treated with the transfer factor or not. Adverse reactions were not noticed.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1982

[Evaluation of cellular immunity in drug addicts].

The cellular immunity was evaluated in 52 drug addicts, as well as in a non-addict group of 30 healthy soldiers. For this purpose, intradermal test with protein purified derivative, dinitrochlorobenzene, test of migration inhibitory factor with protein purified derivative and candidin antigens and cutaneous window were performed. Results were different: The results obtained indicated a depressed cellular response in the drug addicts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Drug eruption caused by recombinant human G-CSF.

Two types of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) are available, and equally used for mitigation of neutropenia. One is a glycosylated natural product from mammalian cells, and the other a non-glycosylated form from Escherichia coli. Though only minimal adverse effects have been reported for both, we treated two patients with rhG-CSF-induced systemic eruption. Based on these patients, the following should be noted: 1) drug eruption may occur in both types of rhG-CSF without detectable antibodies, 2) intradermal test is useful for determination of the causal drug, and 3) if one rhG-CSF product causes eruption, the alternative one may possibly be safe and effective.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Delayed adverse reaction to sodium ioxaglic acid-meglumine.

A patient had a maculopapular rash, fever, hepatic cytolysis, rhabdomyolysis, eosinophilia and raised total IgEs after coronarography with ioxaglic acid-meglumine (Hexabrix). Intradermal test to ioxaglic acid-meglumine was positive 48 hrs later. Histological examination revealed perivascular lymphocytic infiltration, with predominantly CD45Ro+ and CD8+ T cells and apoptotic basal keratinocytes. This case documents a late hypersensitivity reaction to ioxaglic acid-meglumine.

Angioplasty↗