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PubMed2002

[Effect of fibrates on VLDL and LDL lipoprotein composition and parameters of their oxidation in hypertriglyceridemia].

BACKGROUND: Meta-analyses of epidemiological studies proved that hypertriacylglycerolemia (HTAG) is an independent CHD risk factor. The VLDL lipoproteins, which are the main TAG carrier, are precursors of atherogenic LDL and their increased concentration is related to the decrease of antiatherogenic HDL, increased ratio of small, dense LDL and represents one of the causes of the endothelial dysfunction. According to some authors, HTAG is one of the factors of the oxidation stress. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 45 patients of the studied group received 200 mg of micronized fenofibrate per day for six weeks. Before the beginning and after the end of treatment, following examinations were carried out: concentration of plasma lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins, composition of fatty acids (FA) in main lipid plasma classes and LDL (phosphatidylcholine--PC, TAG, cholesteryl esters--CE) and lipoperoxidation in VLDL and LDL, isolated by preparative ultracentrifugation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: In plasma, the treatment of HTAG led to a significant decrease of TC, TAG and apo-B concentration and to the increase of cholesterol concentration in HDL and in both HDL2 and HDL3 subfractions. In isolated LDL particles we observed a decrease of the TAG portion (by 25%) together with significant lag phase prolongation (by 33%, P < 0.05) and peak time retardation (by 24%, P < 0.05). In VLDL particles the concentration of cholesterol became smaller (by 28%), TAG (by 26%), phospholipids (by 28%) (in all groups P < 0.005) and the lag phase became significantly longer (by 16%, P < 0.01). Treatment with fenofibrate significantly reduced the linoleic acid (18:2n-6) in PC and TAG plasma, CE and TG LDL, in a higher ratio of palmitoleic acid (16:1n-7) in CE LDL, oleic (18:1n-9) in PC LDL, in significant concentration of total monoenic FA in PC and CE LDL and to a significant increase of the concentration of myristic acid (14:0) in CE and myristic and stearic acids (18:0) in TAG LDL. From our results it is possible to conclude that the six-week long treatment of HTAG with micronized phenofibrate led to significant modification of LDL and VLDL composition accompanied by their lower lipoperoxidation indexes. These favourable changes in oxidability were accompanied with changes in the composition of FA in CE, TAG and PC plasma as well as LDL.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Plasma HDL subfractions in endogenous hypertriglyceridemia].

Our previous studies indicated that while the plasma triglycerides (TG) levels were significantly increased, HDL-C and apo A I levels were significantly decreased and abnormal HDL compositions were found in hypertriglyceridemic (HTG) patients. Whether the particle sizes of plasma HDL in HTG undergo a change has not yet been reported. This study was designed to observe the changes of plasma HDL subfractions in HTG patients. The plasma TG, total cholesterol (TC), HDL-C, apo A I, A II, B100, C II, C III, and E, HDL compositions and HDL subfractions--HDL2a, HDL2b, HDL3a, HDL3b and HDL3c were measured in 25 HTG patients (plasma TG > 2.26 mmol/L, TC < 6.72 mol/L) and 25 age-sex matched healthy subjects (plasma TG < 1.69 mmol/L, TC < 5.17 mmol/L). Plasma HDL was isolated by one step density gradient ultracentrifugation. Plasma and HDL TC, TC were determined by enzymatic methods; apo A I, A II, B100, C II, C III and E were measured by RID kits developed by ourselves. HDL subfractions were analyzed by a gradient gel electrophoresis method (GGE). The variation coefficients in one gel were 2.3% to 8.3% and the variation coefficients among gels were 3.5% to 9.3%. The results indicated that in the HTG group, the fasting plasma TG, apo B100, C II, C III and E levels were significantly higher (P < 0.001) and HDL-C, apo A I levels were lower (P < 0.05) as compared with those in the control group. TC in HDL in the HTG group were significantly increased (P < 0.05), while TG, apo A I, C II, C III and E were significantly decreased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Among HDL subfractions in the HTG group, HDL2b was significantly decreased (P < 0.02); HDL2a and HDL3a were increased (P < 0.05, P < 0.02). With the increase of plasma TG levels in the HTG group, the HDL particle sized tended to become smaller. According to the results, it is suggested that the changes of plasma HDL subfractions in HTG are related to the changes of the apolipoprotein compositions of HDL, which lead to the increase of HDL catabolism, therefore the plasma HDL2b content decreases and HDL2a, HDL3a contents increase.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Influence of postprandial hypertriglyceridemia on the endothelial function in elderly patients with coronary heart disease].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the changes of carotid atherosclerosis and the endothelial function after a high-fat meal in elderly patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS: The carotid intima-media thickness (IMTc) and the brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) before and after a high-fat meal were measured by the high-resolution ultrasound technique in 20 elderly patients with CAD and 22 healthy elderly subjects. RESULTS: The CAD patients had a higher IMTc (P < 0.01) and impaired FMD (P < 0.05) compared with the healthy subjects. The serum triglyceride level increased in the two groups after the meal. The CAD patients had a higher triglyceride peak response (TGPR) than the healthy subjects (P < 0.05). The IMTc of the two groups had no change before and after the meal. The postprandial FMD significantly aggravated in the two groups (P < 0.001); and the percent decrement of FMD in the CAD patients was obviously higher than that in the healthy subjects (P < 0.05). The postprandial TGPR was positively correlated with the fasting IMTc and the postprandial percent decrement of FMD (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The disordered postprandial metabolism of triglyceride-riched lipoproteins may play an atherogenic role by inducing endothelial dysfunction.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Changes in the serum lipid fractions of malnourished children with and without clinical infection. Paradoxical hypertriglyceridemia in malnutrition].

We have studied the levels of total triglycerides, total cholesterol and high, low and very low density lipoproteins, in serum from undernourished children and from eutrophic controls matched by age, race and socioeconomical condition with the undernourished group. Malnourished children were classified according to the severity of the nutritional deficiency and according to the presence or absence of associated overt infections. Serum lipids fractions were evaluated by colorimetric procedures and by electrophoretic isolation and elution of the desired lipoprotein followed by colorimetric evaluation of the cholesterol content. Increased levels of total triglycerides and very low density lipoproteins were observed in the undernourished group. The rise in the levels of total triglycerides and very low density lipoproteins was more marked in children with moderate and severe undernutrition as well as in undernourished with associated overt infection. In contrast, as expected, serum levels of total cholesterol, high density and low density lipoproteins were significantly diminished in undernourished children. The depression in the amount of total cholesterol, high density and low density lipoproteins was more marked in the severe forms of undernutrition. Increased levels of total triglycerides and very low density lipoprotein could be determined by a defect in the clearance of these lipid fractions due to depressed activity of lipoprotein lipase.

Child↗