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PubMed1990

Nonsurgical technique for flushing the Macaca mulatta uterus.

The tortuous structure of the rhesus cervix has proven to be a significant obstruction to performing nonsurgical uterine lavage. Trials were conducted to develop a repeatable, nonsurgical flushing technique of the uterus. Using a modified endometrial cell sampler and a blunt trocar, a reliable technique was constructed. This technique may prove valuable for conducting nonsurgical recovery of embryos and for repeated atraumatic sampling of the rhesus uterus.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of cold flush perfusion with modified blood versus modified Euro-Collins solution for lung preservation.

Single flush perfusion of the lung represents one concept of pulmonary preservation that has provided satisfactory results in both experimental and clinical situations. The technique has allowed successful distant organ procurement, with consequent enlargement of the available donor pool. Both cold modified blood (CMB) and modified Euro-Collins solution (ECS) are currently used as perfusates, although the volumes of each used clinically are different. CMB is administered at 20 ml/kg and ECS at 60 ml/kg. Both techniques combine the use of a prostaglandin to enhance preservation. In this study these two perfusion techniques were compared in a canine model of unilateral left lung allotransplantation after 6 hours of storage, with subsequent ligation of the recipient's contralateral pulmonary artery and bronchus. Equal volumes of both solutions were used (20 ml/kg) to determine whether the blood vehicle was necessary to provide good preservation at this volume. Assessment of pulmonary preservation was determined by animal survival, blood gas analyses, hemodynamic values, and measurement of lung water content. All animals survived the 24-hour experimental period in stable condition. Postoperative oxygenation was well maintained at control values throughout this period with no significant difference between groups. The pulmonary vascular resistance index was significantly higher in the CMB group at 1 hour (p less than 0.05). Lung compliance, assessed by peak-inspiratory pressure, was impaired to a greater extent in the CMB group than in the ECS animals (p less than 0.01 at 12 and 24 hours).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1989

The flushing treatment of residual CBD stones. (RS).

Flushing of the common bile duct trough a T-tube with a normal saline solution is a simple, effective method for the treatment of the retained common bile duct stones; those which were overlooked at the initial exploration, and were diagnosed in the immediate postoperative period, by a T-tube cholangiogram; here we are describing three cases successfully treated in our department, by this method. This encouraging results enable us to recommend the initial use of this technique for all cases of retained common bile duct stones before restoring to more difficult prolonged techniques; and should this technique failed to remove the retained stones, the surgeon would still have all other alternatives to choose.

Gallstones↗
PubMed1988

A comparison of the bovine leukemia and bovine syncytial virus status in utero-tubal cells recovered from fluids used to flush the uterus and oviducts of BLV-infected, superovulated cattle.

Twenty-four cell lines were established from uterine-oviductal flush fluid (UOFF) cells from 20 bovine leukosis virus (BLV)-infected embryo-donor cows and 4 BLV-free control cows harvested by the Ficoll-gradient technique. Similar epithelial-like and fibroblast-like cells were observed in the primary cultures of UOFF from both groups. BLV-antigens were not detected with direct immunofluorescence test in any of the cell-lines from the 20 positive BLV-cows but a positive reaction was observed with the competitive radioimmunoassay in one cell line only. Bovine syncytial virus (BSV) was detected (multinucleated cells) in five of the 20 cows, bovine virus diarrhea (BVD) in six and infectious bovine rhino-tracheitis (IBR) in one (by D-IF). Some of the cell lines had antigens to one (3/20) two (2/20) or three (1/20) different viruses as demonstrated by D-IF. There were no antigens to BLV, BSV or IBRV demonstrated in the BLV-free cows by both immunofluorescence test and radioimmunoassay. Permissiveness to the growth of BLV in the cell lines of bovine utero-tubal (BUT) origin was demonstrated by inoculating three of the 20 cell lines from BLV-infected cows and three cell lines from the 4 BLV-free cow by BLV suspensions. All six cell lines permitted the growth of BLV as shown by syncytia, and positive reactions with the immunofluorescence test but only three out of six lines were BLV-positive by radioimmunoassay.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Survival of anaerobic bacteria during transportation. 1. Experimental investigations on the effect of evacuation of atmospheric air by flushing with carbon dioxide and nitrogen.

The effect of evacuation of atmospheric air during transportation on recovery of anaerobic bacteria was investigated. Evacuation of atmospheric air from glass tubes by flushing with pure carbon dioxide lowered the content of oxygen to about 0.4 per cent. Three B. fragilis strains and one strain of Fusobacterium mortiferum and of Peptostreptococcus anaerobius were investigated. Bacterial recovery was determined one hour and 24 hours after evacuation of atmospheric air by pure carbon dioxide and pure nitrogen, was compared to bacterial recovery from samples transported with free access to atmospheric air. Evacuation by pure carbon dioxide significantly improved the recovery of one B. fragilis strain after 24 hours of transportation and significantly impaired the recovery of Peptostreptococcus anaerobius after one hour of transportation, while evacuation by pure nitrogen significantly improved the recovery of Peptostreptococcus anaerobius after 24 hours of transportation. In all other cases, however, no statistically significant effect on bacterial recovery was found.

Air↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Risk factors for micro- and macroangiopathic complications in type 2 diabetes: lack of association with acetylator phenotype, chlorpropamide alcohol flush and ABO and Rh blood groups.

Genetic markers would be useful to study the transmission of type 2 diabetes and to identify patients with enhanced risk of development of late diabetic complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of selected possible genetic markers on the development of diabetic complications. One hundred and eighty patients with type 2 diabetes (79 males, 101 females) were therefore studied with respect to ABO and Rh blood grouping and chlorpropamide alcohol flush (CPAF) and acetylator phenotype status, in addition to life style (smoking, dietary, alcohol and drug taking habits) and metabolic indexes (HbA1, M-value, serum cholesterol, serum triglycerides), with regard to late complications coronary heart disease (CHD), arterial hypertension (AH), peripheral vascular disorders (PVD), retinopathy and nephropathy. None of the genetic markers considered appeared to be associated with diabetic complications. Multiple logistic analysis identified different risk-factors for each complication: AH and age for CHD; hyperlipidaemia for AH; age of patients for PVD; duration of diabetes for retinopathy; AH for nephropathy. It is concluded that the possible genetic markers evaluated in this study do not identify a higher or lower risk for late complications. On the contrary, most of the risk factors identified support previous studies. Active correction of these risk-factors might improve the overall prognosis of patients with type 2 diabetes.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1987

Intravenous prostaglandin E1, cold crystalloid flush and topical hypothermia for cardiopulmonary graft preservation.

For no organ is the need more acute than for the lung or heart-lung block. The new improved "freezing" technique with simultaneous use of intravenous prostaglandin E1 will result in reliable and adequate heart-lung block preservation. The lungs are flushed with high-volume (60 ml/kg), low-pressure (less than 20 mmHg), low-flow (15 ml/kg/min), using modified Euro-Collins solution (added 12 Meq/L of MgSO4 and 65 ml/L of 50% Dextrose). Additional topical cooling has been achieved by cold Physiosol and the excised graft is then placed in a plastic bag filled with Physiosol. This static hypothermia has been successfully used with extended ischemia times of more than six hours in primates and almost four hours in man. Forty heart-lung transplantations have been done from March 1981 to September 1986 and nine of them have been performed using this "freezing" technique with prostaglandin E1. Distant graft procurement has been used twice for heart-lung transplantation. All nine most recent patients who have received the graft harvested with this new "freezing" technique are doing well.

Alprostadil↗
PubMed1977

Preservation of cadaveric renal allografts-comparison of flushing and pumping techniques.

A prospective clinical trial comparing flushing and ice storage using a new hypertonic citrate solution, with machine preservation by continuous perfusion showed early graft function was similar with each method, and preservation times were comparable. Good early function occurred in half the grafts with preservation times up to 24 hours. Graft survival at three and 12 months was similar with each method of preservation. Graft survival at 12 months was worsened by poor early graft function, whereas patient survival at 12 months was unaffected by early function or by the method of preservation.

Cadaver↗
PubMed1987

Back-flush bipolar diathermy needle.

We have developed a back-flush needle with a built-in capability for endodiathermy. This new instrument can both aspirate blood and coagulate the bleeding vessel.

Electrocoagulation↗
PubMed1986

[Efficacy and tolerance of veralipride in the treatment of flushing in the menopause. A multicenter study].

An open ended multicentric study has enabled to evaluate the efficacy and the tolerance of veralipride on sudden flushes and associated disorders of menopause. It included 166 women (125 in natural menopause) between the ages of 32 and 68 (mean age: 52). Veralipride was administered at a dose of 100 mg/day (1 capsule) for three sequences of 20 days separated by 10 days without treatment. The results were observed on 138 cases (28 withdrawals) at DO, D3M (after 3 months of treatment), D6M (three months after interruption of the treatment). The results were considered as excellent or good in 89.9 per cent of the cases at D3M. Three months later, the results were still excellent or good in 64.5 per cent of the cases. The self evaluation by the patients gave similar results: 91.1 per cent of favorable opinions at D3M and 80.7 per cent at D6M. The systolic and diastolic blood pressure did not vary during the observation period. These results confirm those obtained in previous studies.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

The culture of mouse blastocysts in the presence of uterine flushings collected during normal pregnancy, delayed implantation and pro-oestrus.

When day-3 mouse embryos were cultured in a simple medium supplemented with uterine fluids of mice autopsied on day 4 of pregnancy, 48 h after administration of oestradiol, or during pro-oestrus, the percentage of blastocysts hatching from the zona pellucida was significantly greater than in unsupplemented medium. In the presence of uterine fluids recovered during delayed implantation this stimulation of blastocyst hatching was not observed. When the culture medium was supplemented with dialysed uterine flushings containing 20 or 30 microgram protein/ml, both 'day 4' and 'delay' uterine proteins were equally effective in enhancing hatching frequency (P less than 0.05). The results suggested that 'delay' uterine fluids may contain a dialysable inhibitor of blastocyst activity. The putative inhibitor was not effective in the presence of serum, since uterine fluids recovered both on day 4 of pregnancy and during delayed implantation significantly increased the size attained by blastocyst outgrowths in the presence of foetal calf serum (P less than 0.01). The percentage of blastocysts exhibitng giant cell transformation and outgrowth was also increased (P less than 0.02) by these uterine fluids when the concentration of FCS in the medium was minimal (0.25%).

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Clinical study of veralipride in menopausal sudden flushes (author's transl)].

A double-blind clinical study was conducted to compare the therapeutic activity of veralipride and placebo in menopausal sudden flushes. Comparison of final numerical rate showed a statistical significant superiority for veralipride. Tolerance was excellent and no significant difference was observed between clinical side effects, or biological parameters studied (blood counts and differential, and blood bilirubin, transaminases, glucose, cholesterol, or creatinine levels) in the two groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Isolation of bovine syncytial virus from lymphocytes recovered from fluids used to flush uterus and oviducts of superovulated cattle.

A Ficoll-gradient method was applied to isolate lymphocytes from fluids used to flush the uterus and oviducts of superovulated cows. Bovine syncytial virus antigens were demonstrated in 15 of 19 cows by cocultivation of lymphocytes with fetal lamb spleen cells and examining them with direct immunofluorescence. Viral serum antibodies were found in the same 15 of 19 cows as above by the modified direct complement-fixation test. The virus was also detected in one of four uterotubal cell cultures.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Chlorpropamide-alcohol flush test in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in young age (MODY type)].

The chlorpropamide alcohol flush test (CPAF) has been described as a dominantly inherited feature in NIDDM, particularly of young people (MODY-type). Validity and usefulness of the CPAF were analyzed in 40 MODY-patients recruiting from a population study (criteria acc. to Tattersall and Fajans, 1975), 59 first degree relatives (24 diabetics, 35 non-diabetics), 40 NIDDM of maturity onset, 40 IDDM, and 40 healthy controls. The CPAF (single challenge test, placebo control, subjective evaluation by questionnaire acc. to Köbberling, 1980) proved to be positive in only 8 MODY-patients and 5 of diabetic first-degree relatives. In comparison to NIDDM of maturity onset (40/8), IDDM (40/6) and healthy controls (40/2) the frequency of positive CPAF showed no significant differences. Between flushers and non-flushers within the MODY-group no relationship to vascular findings, metabolic and genetic data (including HLA-typing) could be found. It is concluded that the CPAF is a real but rather nonspecific phenomenon unsuitable as a genetic marker.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Collateral flush technique.

The collateral flush technique consists of preserving a collateral branch of the vein when performing AV fistulas. This allows the surgeon to check the immediate patency of both the anastomotic line and the limbs of the arteriovenous fistula; perform thrombectomy easily and rapidly in the event of early thrombosis (up to seven days following surgery) without disturbing the anastomotic line; and perform on-the-table arteriograms using minimal amounts of contrast material and without direct puncture of the artery. This technique has been used with good results in 300 patients and its routine use is recommended.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Copper levels & reactive oxygen species in uterine flushings in copper intrauterine contraceptive device users.

Copper levels were estimated in the uterine flushings in 15 copper 'T' 200 device acceptors. There was a statistically significant difference in the preinsertion and one week post insertion values (P < 0.001). This also corresponded to a high level of generation of reactive oxygen species. The levels of reactive oxygen species were similar to preinsertion values at 4 and 12 wk. The copper values declined over the 3 months but were still higher at 12 wk as compared to preinsertion levels and this difference was statistically significant. Hence addition of copper to the intrauterine device besides enhancing the contraceptive efficacy, perhaps also plays an important role in microbicidal activity and helps in overcoming the infection introduced at the time of insertion.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Euro-Collins flush perfusion in human lung preservation--ultrastructural studies of the preservation quality of the contralateral donor lung in clinical single lung transplantation.

The quality of pulmonary preservation after Euro-Collins flush perfusion was assessed by means of morphometric analysis based on transmission electron microscopy. In five patients undergoing single lung transplantation, the contralateral donor lung that could not be matched for another recipient was studied by means of light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. While one of the donor lungs was transplanted, the contralateral lung was fixed by airway instillation at the same time and subsequently processed for microscopic examination. Although light microscopy showed an excellent quality of organ preservation, transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of fine to medium alterations at the level of the air-blood-barrier. In the five contralateral donor lungs, different degrees of the cellular alterations were recorded by morphometric analysis, which correlated with differences observed in the early postoperative course of the patients receiving the other lung, respectively. Although in four of five patients the clinical course showed no complications and extubation was performed within 36 hours after the operation, one patient required artificial ventilation over a period of 10 days because of impaired oxygenation of the transplanted lung. In this patient, morphometric analysis of the air-blood-barrier showed a significantly (p < 0.02) smaller surface fraction of normal type 1 pneumocytes, a significantly (p < 0.05) smaller volume density of the capillary endothelial cells, and a significantly (p < 0.01) higher volume density of type 2 pneumocytes. The alterations of the alveolar epithelium have to be interpreted as a result of influences occurring during the donor's medical history rather than being an effect of preservation and/or ischemia.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The use of heparin and normal saline flushes in neonatal intravenous catheters.

PURPOSE: To compare the effects of heparin versus normal saline flush solutions on the duration of patency of peripheral IV catheters in neonates. METHODS: A quasi experimental design compared the outcomes in 87 infants who were 32 weeks or greater gestation at birth. Thirty-three received heparin and 54 received normal saline. RESULTS: There were 159 starts among the subjects. No statistically significant difference in duration of patency between the groups was found. The duration was significantly longer for term than preterm infants and for insertion in scalp, arm, or hand than for leg or foot. CONCLUSIONS: Gestational age and site of insertion were the only predictor variables related to duration of patency for IV catheters.

Catheters, Indwelling↗