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PubMed1982

Intestinal obstruction and perforation caused by undigested Acacia sp leaves in langur monkeys.

During a 2-week period, 3 hanuman langurs (Presbytis entellus) died from severe fibrinopurulent and proliferative peritonitis. Partially digested plant material was identified in the necrotic abdominal debris of the 1st and 2nd langurs. In the 3rd, a phytobezoar that extended 17.5 cm distally from the pyloric area had caused a 1-cm perforation. Seven months later, surgery was performed on a douc langur (Pygathrix nemaeus) to remove 1 gastric and 2 intestinal phytobezoars composed primarily of undigested Acacia sp leaves. An analysis of Acacia sp leaves consumed by these langurs revealed a high cell wall concentration (40%, dry basis), with an exceedingly high proportion of this cell wall composed of indigestible lignin. It was concluded that the species of acacia (Acacia saligna and A longifolia) fed in these cases are inappropriate browse items for langurs.

Acacia↗
PubMed1981

Development and larval morphology of Loa loa in experimental primate hosts.

Experimental infections with Loa loa were established in laboratory primates by inoculation of third-stage larvae recovered from either Chrysops silacea infected after engorging on a human volunteer with loiasis, or Chrysops atlanticus infected after blood feeding on experimentally infected primates. The third molt occurred at 16 to 20 days postinoculation of infective larvae, and the fourth at about 50 days. Early larval development was characterized by rapid growth and marked differentiation of the reproductive systems. Differences in the body's growth rate between the sexes were seen as early as 30 days and was especially marked by 60 days. Females grew more rapidly, and for a longer time than males. Males reach maximum size by 120 days, females not until about 300 days. Female worms were inseminated prior to day 90 developing eggs filled the uteri by 120 days, and microfilariae appeared in the peripheral blood at approximately 150 days. Morphological features of the larval and adult stages of human Loa loa are described.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Tumor viruses of nonhuman primates (author's transl)].

Tumor viruses which in the past few years have been increasingly isolated from tissues of nonhuman primates are of considerable interest for contemporary investigations on putative human tumor viruses. This review covers the presently known isolates belonging to the families of papova, adeno, (gamma) herpes, pox, and retro viruses and originating from New World and Old World monkeys as well as from apes. Some of the isolates exhibit oncogenic activity in different simian species and are, therefore, particularly suited for the analysis of viral oncogenesis is primates.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1981

Mucosubstances in the cervix uteri of the Indian langur monkey, Presbytis entellus entellus (Dufrense).

Mucosubstances in the cervix uteri of the Indian langur monkey, Presbytis entellus entellus was studied during non-pregnancy, pregnancy and lactation. Cells of the cervical epithelium and glands elaborated neutral, sialo- and sulfomucins during non-pregnancy. The concentration of these mucins was low during early pregnancy but increased during late pregnancy. The concentration of mucins was higher during later part of pregnancy than during non-pregnant stage which decline during lactation. Significance of mucins in cervix uteri and probable hormonal control over their elaboration is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Domestic breeding of patas monkeys (Erythrocebus patas).

Two reproductive strategies were used in the management of a patas monkey (Erythrocebus patas) breeding colony. The first strategy involved placement of all animals into one-male harem units for breeding, parturition, and infant rearing. The second strategy involved a reduction in the number of males, movement of pregnant females to individual cages, and formation of new groups with females and neonates. The second strategy resulted in an increased percentage of females having successful births and an increased survival of neonates. The percentage of females becoming pregnant did not change.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Cranial computed tomography in the evaluation of neurologic disorders in two nonhuman primates.

Cranial computed tomography (CCT) was used to evaluate neurologic disorders in 2 primates. In the 1st case, acute left hemiparesis developed in an adult female proboscis monkey (Nasalis larvatus). A CCT scan revealed a right frontal lobe abscess that was subsequently surgically drained. In the 2nd case, a juvenile black spider monkey (Ateles fusciceps) experienced recurrent seizures following an episode of trauma and anoxia. A CCT scan demonstrated enlarged lateral ventricles and cerebral atrophy. Computed tomography proved to be a valuable technique for localizing and characterizing brain lesions in these 2 primates, after more conventional methods of investigation had failed to establish diagnoses.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Ovarian morphology of the dusky leaf monkey (Presbytis obscura): follicular development and atresia.

The ovarian morphology and the pattern of follicular development and atresia have been described for the dusky leaf monkey, Presbytis obscura, on the basis of a study of material from 44 female monkeys collected at various stages of the menstrual cycle, pregnancy and lactation. Marked differences were found in the dimensions of many ovarian components between this monkey and the other species of langur previously described. During follicular development the oocyte increased in diameter from 28 micrometer in the primordial follicle to a maximum of 85 micrometer in a pre-ovulatory follicle measuring 8.0 x 4.0 x 7.0 mm. The majority of developing follicles, however, underwent atresia with the theca interna transforming into interstitial tissue. Although present in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, this tissue was most pronounced during early pregnancy, at a time when lutealisation also occurred, resulting in the formation of corpora lutea atretica. These findings have been discussed in relation to other catarrhine primates.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Hypolipidemic activity of guggal resin (Commiphora mukul) and garlic (Alium sativum linn.) in dogs (Canis familiaris) and monkeys (Presbytis entellus entellus Dufresne).

1. The identification of cholesterol as a constituent in the genesis of coronary artery disease in man and experimental animals are well documented. 2. The hypolipidemic effects of Commiphora mukul (guggulu) and Alium sativum (Garlic powder) were screened in dog and Presbytis monkeys. 3. Progressive decrease in the mean values of cholesterol, triglycerides and phospholipids were conspicuous for forty eight hours following the administration of guggulu/garlic powder. 4. 25 mg/kg body weight garlic powder was more effective in lowering the serum cholesterol and triglycerides as compared with that of guggulu. 5. A comparative hypolipidemic action of the two compounds is discussed.

Animals↗