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PubMed1991

Failure to detect increases in brain dopamine metabolism in rats sham feeding sucrose and corn oil.

In a recent study we found that when rats sham fed 6% sucrose, 10% sucrose, and 100% corn oil, the rank order of inhibitory potency for D-1 and D-2 receptor antagonists was 6% sucrose greater than 10% sucrose greater than 100% corn oil. In a complementary study, sham-feeding rats preferred 100% corn oil greater than 10% sucrose greater than 6% sucrose as measured by two-bottle preference tests. The preferences are evidence for the rank order of reward value of these solutions. In the present study we tested the hypothesis that the relative antagonist potencies were due to differential release of DA, dependent on the reward value of the sham-fed solution. Dopamine metabolism, estimated by the ratio of dihydroxphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) to DA, was measured in forebrain-DA terminal fields during sham feeding of 100% corn oil, 6% sucrose, and 10% sucrose. The results did not support our hypothesis: no increase in DA metabolism was observed after the sham feeding of any solution.

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid↗
PubMed1987

Intestinal responses in the male rat to gavaged corn oil.

Gavaged corn oil is readily hydrolyzed and taken up by the rat small intestine but resynthesis to triglyceride and transport are slow. Multiple doses of corn oil caused increases in the non-lipid dry mass, protein and DNA content of the luminal surface of the small intestine. The possible relationship of these effects of gavaged corn oil to pancreatic acinar cell neoplasias is discussed. The fact that corn oil dosed by gavage causes changes in the composition of the small intestinal surface argues against the use of this technique in the assessment of the toxicological characteristics of compounds.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2004

High-fat corn oil diet promotes the development of high histologic grade rat DMBA-induced mammary adenocarcinomas, while high olive oil diet does not.

Effects of a high corn oil and a high olive oil diet on the histopathologic characteristics of rat dimethylbenz(alpha)anthracene-induced mammary adenocarcinomas were investigated in comparison with those of a control low-fat diet. Two experimental series (A and B) studied the influence of a high corn oil diet on the initiation and the promotion of mammary carcinogenesis, while another one (C) assessed the effects of the two dietary lipids on the promotion. Nine parameters have been analyzed and a new histologic grading method, adapted to rat tumors, has been applied in each carcinoma. High corn oil diets, particularly when acting as promoters, associated with higher-grade carcinomas than control (p < 0.05) and high olive oil groups. Stromal invasion and tumoral necrosis were more prominent and a prevailing cribriform pattern was observed (p < 0.05). High olive oil diet adenocarcinomas exhibited a predominantly low histologic grade and few necrotic and invasive areas, similar to the control, and they presented the highest percentage of papillary areas. Lymphoplasmacytic and mast cell infiltration were also influenced by the dietary lipids. Thus, high corn oil diet adenocarcinomas presented a higher degree of morphological malignancy than control and high olive oil tumors, which is in line with the greater clinical malignancy described in rats from the former group and the non-promoting effect of the high olive oil diet. As far as we are concerned, a similar histopathologic approach of the effects of the dietary lipids on experimental breast cancer has not been carried out up to now.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Digestibility of cocoa butter and corn oil in human subjects: a preliminary study.

The comparative absorption of cocoa butter (25.5% C16:0, 34.4% C18:0, 34.4% C18:1, 3.4% C18:2) and corn oil (11.4% C16:0, 2.0% C18:0, 26.4% C18:1, 60.0% C18:2) was assessed in six healthy male subjects. During 3-d experimental diet periods, free-living subjects consumed either cocoa butter or corn oil as virtually the sole source of dietary fat, provided at 40% of the total energy intake in the form of specially formulated cookies. Fat absorption was determined by quantifying total fecal lipid excretion over the 3-d period. Total fecal lipid and fecal fatty acids were determined. The percentage of fat excreted was significantly higher (p less than or equal to 0.001) when subjects consumed the cocoa butter (10.8 +/- 3.2%) vs the corn oil (3.5 +/- 1.0%) diet. These results indicate that the digestibility of cocoa butter is significantly less than corn oil and may explain, in part, previous reports of a neutral effect of dietary cocoa butter on plasma cholesterol concentrations.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Retinal and brain accretion of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in developing felines: the effects of corn oil-based maternal diets.

A study was carried out in domestic felines to determine whether corn oil-based maternal diets are an adequate source of essential fatty acids to support normal accumulation of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in the brains and retinas of offspring and whether these diets have any subsequent effect on visual function. Female domestic felines were acclimated to one of six different defined diets 1 mo before mating and maintained on the diets throughout pregnancy and lactation. Four diets contained only corn and hydrogenated coconut oils as their source of fat in ratios of 1:9, 3:7, 6:4, and 9:1, respectively. Two reference diets also contained the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids arachidonate (20:4n-6) and docosahexaenoate (22:6n-3). When the offspring were 8 wk old, electroretinograms were obtained and the a- and b-wave implicit times were determined. The results showed that animals raised in litters in which the maternal diets were devoid of 20:4n-6 and 22:6n-3 had an increase in a- and b-wave implicit times compared with the controls. In the rod outer segments and brains of these animals, there were lower amounts of 22:6n-3 and higher amounts of long-chain n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids compared with control animals. These findings showed that although corn oil-based diets were capable of maintaining 20:4n-6 concentrations in the developing brain and retina, only those diets containing 22:6n-3 could support a high accumulation of docosahexaenoic acid in these tissues. Moreover, low amounts of 22:5n-6 in the brains of animals in all of the corn oil-diet groups suggested that young felines have a low biosynthetic capacity to produce this fatty acid or 22:6n-3. These findings suggest that in juvenile felines, maintenance of 22:6n-3 status in the nervous system is important for optimal retinal function.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Optimization of the extraction and fractionation of corn bran oil using analytical supercritical fluid instrumentation.

Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) is combined with supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) in an analytical mode to develop a system for fractionating and enriching high value ferulate-phytosterol esters (FPE) contained in corn bran oil. Corn bran is initially extracted with neat supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) at various pressures (13.8, 34.5, and 69 MPa) and temperatures (40, 60, and 80 degrees C) to see if the FPE can be enriched in the extracts. These initial studies show the greatest percentage of FPE could be extracted under two sets of conditions: 69 MPa at 80 degrees C and 34.5 MPa at 40 degrees C. Both sets of parameters yield an extract containing approximately 1.25% FPE. A stock supply of corn bran oil is then produced by scaled-up SFE at 34.5 MPa and 40 degrees C for subsequent chromatographic fractionation. The SFE-obtained corn bran oil is then applied to the head of a minichromatographic column containing an amino-propyl sorbent. SFC is than commenced using neat SC-CO2 at 69 MPa and 80 degrees C to remove the majority of the triglyceride-based oil. Pressure and temperature are then lowered to 34.5 MPa and 40 degrees C, respectively, and ethanol is added as a modifier. The modifier is added in an increasing stepwise gradient program, and fractions are collected at equal volume intervals. The resultant fractions are analyzed by analytical high-performance liquid chromatography with evaporative light-scattering detection and show that FPE could be enriched to a 14.5% (w) level.

Carbon Dioxide↗
PubMed1991

Influence of background composition of the diet on the lipemic effect of fish oil vs. corn oil in rats.

The lipemic effect of dietary fish oil vs. corn oil may be affected by the background composition of the diet. To investigate this theory, rats were fed diets containing either fish oil or corn oil and differing in the amount of fat and cholesterol and in the type of carbohydrate (sucrose vs. glucose) or protein (casein vs. soy protein). The hypotriglyceridemic effect of fish oil vs. corn oil was not influenced by the background composition of the diet. The hypocholesterolemic effect of fish oil was diminished by increasing the amount of coconut fat in the background diet at the expense of an isoenergetic amount of sucrose. With the use of high-cholesterol diets, no cholesterol-lowering effect of fish oil vs. corn oil was observed. This study suggests that the composition of the background diet should be considered when comparing the cholesterolemic effects of fish oil with other oils in various experiments.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Dietary menhaden and corn oils and the red blood cell membrane lipid composition and fluidity in hyper- and normocholesterolemic miniature swine.

Fatty acids in the diet are readily incorporated into lipids in various tissues. However, it is not clear whether all tissues have the same level of incorporation. Second, (n-6) unsaturated fatty acids increase the fluidity of membranes, but this has not been shown for (n-3) fatty acids. In this study, we measured the incorporation of (n-6) and (n-3) fatty acids into erythrocyte membrane lipids and studied their effects on the fluidity of erythrocyte membranes. One group of female miniature swine was made hypercholesterolemic by feeding the swine cholesterol and lard for 2 mo; the other group served as controls and was fed a stock diet. Both groups were then fed either corn oil or menhaden oil or a mixture of the two for 23 additional weeks. Blood was collected at 0, 2, 4, 12 and 23 wk after initialization of the experimental diets, and fatty acid composition of phospholipids was assessed. Membrane phospholipids of pigs fed menhaden oil had elevated (n-3) fatty acids (20:5 and 22:6), and lower 18:2 than those fed corn oil. There was no difference in 20:4 content. The fatty acid changes occurred as early as 2 wk after consumption of the corn oil or menhaden oil in pigs previously fed a stock diet, but it took longer in pigs previously fed lard + cholesterol, indicating residual effects of pretreatment. Menhaden oil increased anisotropy (indicating decreased fluidity) more than corn oil for the nonpolar probe diphenylhexatriene (DPH) at earlier time points, but not at 23 wk. Erythrocyte membrane fluidity was significantly related to membrane polyunsaturate content, with (n-6) fatty acids having a greater influence than (n-3) fatty acids. A comparison of the present red blood cell fatty acid compositions with brain synaptosome fatty acid compositions for the same animals showed poor correlations for some of the fatty acids. There was no significant direct relationship between docosahexaenoate (DHA) concentrations in erythrocyte membranes with DHA concentrations in brain synaptosomes from cerebellum, forebrain and caudate nucleus.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Taurine prevents hypercholesterolemia in ovariectomized rats fed corn oil but not in those fed coconut oil.

We studied whether the type of dietary fatty acid influences the preventive effect of taurine on the ovarian hormone deficiency-induced increase in plasma cholesterol concentration in 6-mo-old ovariectomized rats. Rats were fed one of the following four diets for 28 d: purified diets based on corn oil, which is rich in linoleic acid, with or with out taurine (50 g/kg) or purified diets based on coconut oil, which is rich in lauric and myristic acids, with or without taurine. Body mass gain, food intake, liver weight and plasma apolipoprotein (apo) A-I, apo B, LDL and VLDL concentrations were not affected by the diets. On the other hand, taurine lowered the plasma total cholesterol concentration (P < 0.02) in rats fed corn oil, but not in those fed coconut oil. In rats fed both types of oils, taurine increased the LDL receptor mRNA level (P < 0.01), hepatic cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase activity (P < 0.01) and fecal bile acid excretion (P < 0.01). Taurine increased the HMG-CoA reductase mRNA level (P < 0.02) in the liver of rats fed coconut oil, but not in those fed corn oil. Taurine increased liver total lipid (P < 0.05) and triglyceride (P < 0.05) concentrations in rats fed corn oil, but not in those fed coconut oil. These results indicate that the effect of taurine on ovarian hormone deficiency-induced changes in cholesterol metabolism is influenced by the type of dietary fatty acids.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

In vivo skin decontamination of methylene bisphenyl isocyanate (MDI): soap and water ineffective compared to polypropylene glycol, polyglycol-based cleanser, and corn oil.

In the home and workplace, decontamination of a chemical from skin is traditionally done with a soap-and-water wash, although some workplaces may have emergency showers. It has been assumed that these procedures are effective, yet workplace illness and even death occur from chemical contamination. Water, or soap and water, may not be the most effective means of skin decontamination, particularly for fat-soluble materials. This study was undertaken to help determine whether there are more effective means of removing methylene bisphenyl isocyanate (MDI), a potent contact sensitizer, from the skin. MDI is an industrial chemical for which skin decontamination, using traditional soap and water and nontraditional polypropylene glycol, a polyglycol-based cleanser (PG-C), and corn oil were all tried in vivo on the rhesus monkey, over 8 h. Water, alone and with soap (5% and 50% soap), were partially effective in the first h after exposure, removing 51-69% of the applied dose. However, decontamination fell to 40-52% at 4 h and 29-46% by 8 h. Thus, the majority of MDI was not removed by the traditional soap-and-water wash; skin tape stripping after washing confirmed that MDI was still on the skin. In contrast, polypropylene glycol, PG-C, and corn oil all removed 68-86% of the MDI in the first h, 74-79% at 4 h, and 72-86% at 8 h. Statistically, polypropylene glycol, PG-C, and corn oil were all better (p < 0.05) than soap and water at 4 and 8 h after dose application. These results indicate that a traditional soap-and-water wash and the emergency water shower are relatively ineffective at removing MDI from the skin. More effective decontamination procedures, as shown here, are available. These procedures are consistent with the partial miscibility of MDI in corn oil and polyglycols.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1998

Availability of amino acids in high-oil corn.

True digestibility of amino acids, bioavailability of Lys, and TMEn in three types of high-oil corn (HOC) and one conventional corn (CC) were determined. The CC, HOC1, HOC2, and HOC3 contained 4.3, 5.9, 6.6, and 9.5% ether extract, respectively, on a DM basis. True digestibility of amino acids was determined using the precision-fed cecectomized rooster assay in which each corn sample was tube-fed (30 g) to nine roosters and excreta were collected for 48 h. True digestibility of most amino acids in HOC2 and HOC3 were significantly higher (P < or = 0.05) than those in CC and HOC1. Mean digestibility of 15 amino acids in HOC2 and HOC3 was 91% compared to 80% for CC and HOC1. The TMEn values (kilocalories per gram DM) of CC, HOC1, HOC2, and HOC3 were 3.883, 4.024, 4.038, and 4.140, respectively. Lysine bioavailability was assessed using a slope-ratio chick growth assay in which a Lys-deficient crystalline amino acid diet was supplemented with 0, 0.1, or 0.2% L-Lys from L-Lys x HC1 to provide a standard curve. Six additional dietary treatments consisted of supplementing the basal diet with 28 or 56% of CC, HOC2, or HOC3. The nine diets were fed to four replicate groups of six chicks from 8 to 18 d posthatching. Lysine bioavailability was calculated using multiple regression slope-ratio methodology where Y was weight gain and X was intake of Lys from the L-Lys x HC1 or a corn. Supplementation of the basal diet with L-Lys x HC1, CC, HOC2, or HOC3 yielded linear (P < or = 0.001) growth responses. Bioavailability values (percentage) for the Lys in CC, HOC2, and HOC3 relative to the Lys in L-Lys x HC1 were 65 +/- 10, 72 +/- 10, and 91 +/- 8, respectively. The results of this study indicated that digestibility of amino acids and bioavailability of Lys in HOC are equal to or greater than those in CC.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed2003

Nutritive value of high-oil corn grown under semi-arid conditions and its impact on broiler performance and carcass composition.

A series of experiments was conducted to evaluate nutritive value of a high-oil corn (HOC) cultivar, grown under semiarid conditions, and its impact on performance and carcass characteristics of male broilers raised to market age. Conventional corn (CC) and HOC used in this research were produced under similar semi-arid conditions. By using a glucose containing reference diet in Experiment 1, the AMEn of CC, as determined on 11-d-old male broilers, was lower (P < 0.05) than that of HOC (3,541 vs. 3,669 kcal/kg DM). The TME, TMEn, and true amino acid availability of CC and HOC were determined in Experiment 2 through individual precision feeding of eight intact mature roosters per ingredient. The TMEn of HOC was significantly higher than that of CC (4,126 vs. 3,870 kcal/kg DM), but true availability of amino acids was comparable for both cultivars. By using the CP and TMEn values determined in Experiment 2, two corn soybean meal starter and grower diets, containing no added fat, were prepared in Experiment 3, in which HOC replaced CC. Diets were provided ad libitum in five replicates to 5-d-old male broilers with eight birds per replicate until market age. Broiler performance, carcass yield, and carcass composition were comparable between both corn cultivars. Birds on HOC diet, however, deposited more (P < 0.05) abdominal fat (0.695%) than those on CC diet (0.575%). The results indicated that the extra calories derived from HOC could have been funneled primarily toward abdominal fat pad deposition rather than increased growth.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1987

Size and composition of lymph chylomicrons following feeding corn oil or its fatty acid methyl esters.

Male rats with thoracic duct cannulae were intubated with corn oil or fatty acid methyl esters and the lymph was collected over the next 2-72 h. The apoprotein (apo) composition of the chylomicrons, isolated by conventional ultracentrifugation, was determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate - polyacrylamide - glycerol gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing. The lipid content and composition was assessed by gas--liquid chromatography. The particle size was obtained by calculation and confirmed by electron microscopy. The study demonstrates that both the monoacylglycerol (corn oil feeding) and the phosphatidic acid (methyl ester feeding) pathways of triacylglycerol biosynthesis yield chylomicrons with closely similar apoprotein profiles representing apo B-48, apo A-IV, apo E, apo A-I, and the apo C components. A protein band corresponding to apo B-100 was occasionally observed as a minor component of the chylomicrons from both groups of animals. The chylomicrons from corn oil feeding had about two times larger diameters than those from methyl ester feeding. There were no significant differences in the composition of the apoproteins, although the smaller particles had two times higher apoprotein/triacylglycerol ratios. It was calculated that the amount of apo B per lipid particle for the ester fed rats ranged from one to eight molecules and was closely correlated with the particle size. The corn oil fed rats yielded about three molecules apo B per lipid particle regardless of the particle size. It is concluded that the pathway of intestinal triacylglycerol biosynthesis has a significant effect on the apoprotein mass and to a lesser extent on the apoprotein and lipid composition of the chylomicrons. The phosphatidic acid pathway produces smaller particles and transfers to the bloodstream twice as much apoprotein per gram of fat than the monoacylglycerol pathway, which yields the larger particles. Possible variations in the site and rate of biosynthesis of the triacylglycerols could not be entirely excluded as contributing factors.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Plasma lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides and lipoprotein lipase activity in epididymal white adipose tissue of rats fed high sucrose or high corn oil diets.

The present study was undertaken to compare plasma lipoprotein lipid composition, as well as white adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase activity, in rats fed purified diets high in either sucrose or corn oil. The experimental diets (65% of calories as sucrose or corn oil, 15% as the opposite nutrient, and 20% as casein) were given ad libitum for 4 weeks. An additional group was fed a nonpurified diet as a reference diet. Both sucrose and oil diets were spontaneously consumed in isocaloric amounts by the animals. Despite energy intakes that were 35% lower than that of the reference group, the sucrose and oil groups exhibited final body weights that were only 6 and 9% lower, respectively, than that of the reference group, and accumulated more fat in the epididymal depots. Postprandial as well as fasting total cholesterol levels were similar in the sucrose and oil groups, while the high-density lipoprotein to total cholesterol ratio was highest in the animals fed corn oil. In both the fasted and fed states, plasma total triglyceride levels were 73% higher in the sucrose group than in the corn oil group. The largest triglyceride differences due to diet were observed in the chylomicron + very-low-density lipoprotein fraction. The oil-fed rats accumulated large amounts of triglycerides in their livers. Postprandial lipoprotein lipase activity in epididymal adipose tissue was almost twice as high in the sucrose group as in the oil group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1993

Effects of canola, corn, and olive oils on fasting and postprandial plasma lipoproteins in humans as part of a National Cholesterol Education Program Step 2 diet.

The most stringent dietary recommendations of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) are to limit fat intake to < 30% of calories, saturated fat intake to < 7% of calories, and cholesterol intake to < 200 mg/d (Step 2 diet). There is debate as to whether the remaining fat in the diet should be relatively high in monounsaturated or polyunsaturated fatty acids. We examined this issue by testing the effects of diets meeting the aforementioned guidelines that were enriched in three different vegetable oils on plasma lipids in the fasting and postprandial states in a clinically relevant population. Female and male subjects (n = 15, mean age, 61 years) with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations > 130 mg/dL were studied under strictly controlled conditions. Subjects were first placed on a diet similar to that currently consumed in the United States to stabilize plasma lipids with respect to identical fat and cholesterol intakes. The subjects then received diets meeting NCEP Step 2 criteria in which two thirds of the fat calories were given either as canola, corn, or olive oil in a randomized, double-blinded fashion for 32 days each. Plasma cholesterol concentrations declined after consumption of diets enriched in all the test oils; however, the declines were significantly greater for the canola (12%) and corn (13%) than for the olive (7%) oil-enriched diet. Mean plasma LDL-C concentrations declined after consumption of diets enriched in all the test oils (16%, 17%, and 13% for canola, corn, and olive oil, respectively), and the magnitude of the declines was statistically indistinguishable among the test oils. Mean plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations declined after consumption of the baseline diet, and these declines were significant for the canola (7%) and corn (9%) oil-enriched diets. Changes in LDL apolipoprotein (apo)B concentrations paralleled those of LDL-C. Switching from the baseline to the vegetable oil--enriched diets had no significant effect on plasma triglyceride, apoA-I, and lipoprotein(a) concentrations or the total cholesterol to HDL-C ratio. LDL apoB to apoA-I ratios were significantly reduced when the subjects consumed the vegetable oil--enriched diets. Differences similar to those observed in the fasting state were observed in the postprandial state.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed2007

Corn oil supplementation to steers grazing endophyte-free tall fescue. I. Effects on in vivo digestibility, performance, and carcass traits.

Eighteen Angus steers (438 +/- 4 kg of BW) were supplemented with varying levels of corn oil (0 g/kg of BW, none; 0.75 g/kg of BW, MED; or 1.5 g/kg of BW, HI) on rotationally stocked, endophyte-free tall fescue to determine the effect of supplemental oil level on in vivo digestibility, intake, performance, and carcass traits. Pelleted cottonseed hulls were used as a carrier for the oil supplements, and all supplements were offered to steers using Calan gate feeders for individual intake determination. On d 49, each steer was dosed with a controlled-release capsule containing chromium sesquioxide, and fecal samples were obtained 12 d later over a 7-d period to estimate fecal output that, with forage, supplement, and fecal indigestible NDF concentration, was used to estimate DMI and in vivo total diet digestibility. Steers were slaughtered at the end of the 116-d grazing period, and carcass data were collected at 24 h postmortem. Total fatty acid intake linearly increased with corn oil supplementation, and forage DMI, total DMI, and total DE intake were linearly decreased (P < 0.01). The decrease in total DMI was reflected in forage substitution rates greater (P < or = 0.01) than 1, with a trend (P = 0.09) for a greater substitution rate in HI than in MED. In vivo DM, OM, and NDF digestibility were linearly decreased (P < 0.01) by corn oil supplementation. Average daily gain and final BW tended (P = 0.09) to increase linearly in response to oil level. Oil conversion (0.36 kg of BW gain/kg of corn oil) was greater (P < or = 0.05) than zero and did not differ (P = 0.15) between MED and HI. Dressing percent (P = 0.09), carcass weight (P = 0.01), and carcass backfat thickness (P = 0.01) increased linearly with oil supplementation. No treatment effect was observed for carcass LM area, KPH percentage, marbling score, or yield grade (P > 0.10). Oil supplementation to grazing steers linearly reduced forage DMI intake; however, animal performance was maintained and tended to be greater for oil-supplemented cattle. Oil supplementation increased carcass fat thickness and weight without altering other carcass quality parameters.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed2005

Effect of increasing oil from distillers grains or corn oil on lactation performance.

The objective of this study was to evaluate production response and more specifically percentage and yield of fat in milk from dairy cows fed distillers grains with added solubles (DGS). It was hypothesized that the oil present in DGS would decrease milk fat yield. Four dietary treatments consisted of dried DGS replacing soybean meal and soybean hulls. The DGS inclusion rates as a percentage of dry matter (DM) were 0, 5, 10, and 15% DGS. To determine the role of oil in DGS, a fifth diet similar to 0% DGS with added corn oil (OIL) was included. Twenty multiparous Holsteins were assigned to a replicated, 5 x 5 Latin Square design with periods of 21 d. Diets were formulated to have similar crude protein and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) concentration. Feeding OIL or 15% DGS resulted in similar production of milk, milk protein, and milk fat. Increasing dietary DGS linearly increased milk production and milk true protein yield. Adding corn oil increased milk yield and, although milk true protein yield also tended to increase with oil, milk true protein concentration decreased. The addition of DGS or OIL did not significantly change fat yield from 0% DGS; however, fat concentration in milk was significantly decreased by DGS due to increased fluid milk production. In diets containing approximately 28% NDF, cottonseed, blood and fish meal, feeding DGS to bring total dietary fatty acids to 5% of diet DM increased milk and milk protein yield without decreasing milk fat yield. Reduced proportions of shorter chain fatty acids and increased proportions of longer chain fatty acids in milk as dietary fatty acid content increased suggests that de novo fatty acid synthesis in the mammary gland was inhibited but this was offset by increased secretion of long-chain fatty acids, presumably absorbed from the diet. Therefore, our hypothesis that feeding corn oil either as DGS or as pure corn oil would decrease milk fat yield was not correct.

Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena↗
PubMed1992

[Antiatherogenic action of corn oil in experimental atherosclerosis].

Therapeutic effect of corn oil was studied in rabbits with alimentary atherosclerosis. Corn oil was administered (2 ml/kg, 30 days) after the completion of cholesterol diet unlike studies, where they were administered simultaneously. Total cholesterol, apoB-lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides decreased more intensively in rabbits fed by corn oil than in control group. No changes in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were observed. The most pronounced effect was noted in aorta morphological analysis: an aorta damage degree was 4.8% as compared with 52.9% in the control group. The results show that available plant oils with omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), in particular corn oil, may as well as omega-3 PUFA be used as the base for antiatherogenic preparations.

Animals↗