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At least 901 records · Page 50Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Nilocotyle duplicisphinctris sp. n. (Trematoda: Paramphistomidae) from Hippopotamus amphibius.

Nilocotyle duplicisphinctris sp. n. was recovered from the stomach of Hippopotamus amphibius in Ethiopia. The average body size (L x W) is 3.6 x 1.2 mm; pharynx 0.5 x 0.3, Dicranocoelium type; outer diameter of the acetabulum 0.85, Nilocotyle type; anterior testis 0.34 x 0.49; posterior testis 0.32% x 0.27: ovary 0.27 x 0.19; genital opening 0.30 x 0.34, Duplicisphinctris type and eggs 0.15 x 0.07. The most characteristic specific feature is the presence of a double sphincter along the genital atrium.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Revision of the genera Longistrongylus Le Roux 1931, Kobusinema Ortlepp, 1963 and Bigalkenema Ortlepp, 1963 (Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae).

The species of the genera Longistrongylus, Kobusinema and Bigalkenema are redescribed. Kobusinema and Bigalkenema are considered synonyms of Longistrongylus and their species are transferred as new combinations. Bigalkenema neveulemairei (Gutteres, 1947 Jansen, 1958 and Longistrongylus muraschkinzevi (Shulz and Kadenatsii, 1950), Jansen, 1958 are considered species inquirendae. A key to the species of the genus Longistrongylus is given and their hosts and geographical localities are listed.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Observations on the life-cycle and larval morphogenesis of Cooperia fuelleborni (Nematoda: Trichostrongyloidea) parasitic in impala, Aepyceros melampus.

The previously unknown life-cycle of Cooperia fuelleborni, parasitic in impala, is described. The morphology of the developmental stages are compared to those of other Cooperia spp. The similarity between C. fuelleborni and C. curticei is discussed as well as the differences between those two species. The morphological studies showed that C. fuelleborni is closely related to C. curticei of sheep, but also has some affinity with the cattle parasite C. punctata and C. oncophora.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Preliminary observations on the distribution, definitive hosts and possible relation with other schistosomes, of Schistosoma margrebowiei, Le Roux, 1933 and Schistosoma leiperi, Le Roux, 1955.

In attempting to define the south western limits of the distribution of Schistosoma margrebowiei and S. leiperi and investigating their apparent limited distribution in relation to their snail hosts it was found that there was little overlap in the distribution of S. margrebowiei and S. leiperi and that of the human parasites S. haematobium and S. mansoni, and no overlap with S. mattheei within the area surveyed. It is suggested that the presence of either or both lechwe schistosomes prevented the development of the human parasites and in addition, prevented the development of S. mattheei in certain areas inhabited or surrounded by certain Kobus spp. The restricted distribution of S. margrebowiei and S. leiperi was thought to be due to the restricted distribution of their main definitive hosts Kobus leche and K. vardoni; the poor host susceptibility of cat and possibly Syncerus caffer; and the likelihood of most other "common" game being unable to maintain the parasites indefinitely outside the confines of lechwe and puku distribution in southern Africa.

Angola↗
PubMed1971

Investigations of Allerton-type herpes virus infection in East African game animals and cattle.

Neutralization tests with a strain (BA) of Allerton-type herpes virus, derived from a buffalo (Syncerus caffer) were carried out on 924 sera from 17 species of E. African game animals and on cattle sera from Tanzania (2001), Kenya (792) and Uganda (410).Buffalo populations throughout E. Africa showed a very high rate of infection, with all animals over 2 years of age serologically positive. Antibody was present in some giraffe, waterbuck and hippopotamus sera and, less frequently, in impala, eland, bushbuck and oryx. Data are provided on the titres of positive samples; the mean titre of buffalo sera increased with age.Cattle in many localities of N. Tanzania and S. Kenya showed a very high rate of infection, 85-95% of sera from animals more than 2-years old containing antibody; the titres recorded were lower than those in buffaloes. Very high infection rates were also found in Karamoja and Teso (Uganda) and also in some other areas of Kenya, whilst a considerably lower incidence of infection was detected in W. Nile Province of Uganda and in central Tanzania. Differences in infection rates may have been related to herd size and husbandry practices.It was shown that a wave of infection was probably spreading through cattle in N. Tanzania at about the same time as an outbreak of disease occurred in buffaloes and it is suggested that virus transmission may have been by biting flies.No clinical signs attributable to the virus were reported in cattle but mouth lesions similar to those recorded in buffaloes, or nasal lesions, could have passed undetected. Allerton-type virus probably produces a range of clinical syndromes in cattle, closely resembling those associated with some herpes viruses in primates but infection is seldom related in the field to either pseudo-lumpy skin disease, mammillitis or stomatitis.

Africa, Eastern↗
PubMed1974

The distribution in Kenya of bluetongue virus and antibody, and the Culicoides vector.

Sera from domestic cattle, sheep and goats and 11 wild bovid species taken at 41 locations throughout Kenya were screened for antibody to bluetongue virus using the indirect fluorescent antibody method. Positive sera were found at 39 locations and in all the species tested. The distribution of clinical disease was mapped and found to be more restricted than the distribution of antibody. Culicoides were collected in light traps at 55 locations throughout Kenya. The presumptive vector of bluetongue in Kenya, C. pallidipennis, was the most widespread species, found in 38 locations. Both the distribution of antibody and Culicoides have been tabulated by ecological zones to demonstrate that bluetongue virus in its natural state in cattle and wild bovids is far more widespread than clinical bluetongue disease seen in exotic sheep of restricted distribution; and that C. pallidipennis has great ecological range.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

The role of wild ruminants in the epidemiology of bovine petechial fever.

After experimental inoculation of Cytoecetes ondiri, the agent of bovine petechial fever (BPF), multiplication occurred in impala, bushbuck, Thomson's gazelles and wildebeest, as shown by infectivity studies and clinical findings. Similar attempts to infect one eland failed. As a sequel to this, blood and spleen samples were collected from four species of wild ruminants in an area where BPTF was endemic. Isolations of C. ondiri were made from three of five bushbuck, but not from any other species.

Animals↗
PubMed1970

The excretion of two virulent strains of African swine fever virus by domestic pigs.

Daily observations were made on the excretion of African swine fever (ASF) virus by pigs infected intranasally or by contact. Two strains of virus having mean death times of approximately 3 and 6 days were used, the latter being recently isolated from a warthog.First excretion usually occurred by the nasopharyngeal route, as early as 1 or 2 days before the onset of fever in many cases. The titres of pharyngeal and nasal swabs rose rapidly to reach mean levels of about 10(4)-10(5) HAD 50 at 48-72 hr. following the onset of pyrexia. Virus in the secretions of the conjunctiva or lower urogenital tract appeared later and did not attain such high levels. Faecal and urinary excretion was of relatively little significance, except in slower infections caused by the recent warthog virus.These results are discussed in relation to the known failure of infected pigs to transmit the disease to stallmates during the first 12-24 hr. of pyrexia and also in relation to recent work on the pathogenesis of ASF in domestic swine.

African Swine Fever↗
PubMed1984

Aeromonas hydrophila in livestock: incidence, biochemical characteristics and antibiotic susceptibility.

Faecal samples from 110 horses, 115 pigs, 111 sheep and 123 cows were examined for the presence of Aeromonas hydrophila, which was also sought in the available drinking water. The overall faecal rate was 11.8%, but significantly more bovine than other samples were found to be positive. There was significant association between the isolation of A. hydrophila from all animal faeces and its presence in drinking water, but this was not found when individual animal groups were analysed separately. An enrichment technique increased the total number of isolates by 77.1%. Strains of differing origins could not be differentiated by biotyping, although fermentation of sorbitol was associated with bovine isolates. There was a strong positive correlation between positive reactions for V--P, gluconate oxidase and haemolysis of rabbit erythrocytes, tests which had previously been shown to correlate with production of enterotoxin and cytotoxin. Biotypes giving positive reactions for these tests were most frequently isolated from cows, sheep and untreated water, and less frequently from pigs and horses. Most strains of A. hydrophila were resistant to amoxycillin, carbenicillin and cephradine, and sensitive to gentamicin, chloramphenicol and neomycin.

Aeromonas↗