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At least 901 records · Page 50Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Megaprostheses for the treatment of malignant bone tumours of the lower limbs.

Lower limb salvage surgery remains a challenge in orthopaedic oncology. Both cemented and cementless, modular, endoprosthetic systems are widely used to treat defects of different sizes. The systems have changed over the years, and each major orthopaedic company offers a modular tumour and revision system for the lower extremities. All systems have worse long-term results compared to conventional total hip or total knee systems. This is due to the large defects that need to be bridged with a more difficult fixation in the diapyhsis of the femur and tibia and a more complex restoration of joint biomechanics. This article summarises the results of several clinical studies with different systems. Newer systems without clinical follow-up are described. We previously reported a prospective study of 50 consecutive patients treated with the MUTARS endoprostheses. The follow-up was 2-7 years. Clinical evaluation showed good results compared to other systems. The review of the literature and our own results do not validate the support or favouring of one specific system. The surgeon should choose a system with which he/she is familiar and that provides the modularity needed intraoperatively to bridge any defect in the lower limbs.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Amputation rehabilitation and prosthetic restoration. From surgery to community reintegration.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this review is to summarize the literature related to the advances that have taken place in the management and rehabilitation care of limb amputation. RESULTS: Prostheses for the lower and upper limb amputee have changed greatly over the past several years, with advances in components, socket fabrication and fitting techniques, suspension systems and sources of power and electronic controls. Higher levels of limb amputation can now be fitted with functional prostheses, which allow more patients to achieve independent life styles. This is of particular importance for the multi-limb amputee. The rehabilitation of more traditional lower limb levels of amputation have also greatly benefited from the technological advances including energy storing feet, electronic control hydraulic knees, ankle rotators and shock absorbers to mention a few. For the upper limb amputee, myoelectric and proportional controlled terminal devices and elbow joints are now used routinely in some rehabilitation facilities. Experimental prosthetic fitting techniques and devices such as the use of osseo-implantation for suspension of the prosthesis, tension control hands or electromagnetic fluids for knee movement control will also be briefly discussed in this paper. CONCLUSION: It is possible to conclude from this review that many advances have occurred that have greatly impacted the functional outcomes of patients with limb amputation.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1993

Computer-aided socket design for trans-femoral amputees.

Computer-aided socket design (CASD) is a technique for the design of prosthetic sockets using the advantageous features of computer graphics and calculation. This paper describes a computer-aided technique used to design sockets for patients with trans-tibial lower limb amputations.

Amputees↗
PubMed1997

Hardware and software considerations in 3D ultrasound imaging of a residual limb.

An ultrasound scan and data acquisition system has been developed for computer-aided prosthetic socket design. The system performs compound scan at each level of the limb by rotating an ultrasound probe around the limb to acquire 36 B-scan images. From these B-scan images, a transverse cross section of the limb is reconstructed using a spatial compounding algorithm. By scanning the limb at many levels, a 3D limb model can be reconstructed. The compound process circumvents the problems associated with the large attenuation of bones and enables reconstruction of a complete image of bones and adjoining soft tissues. In addition, the compound process reduces ultrasound speckle and improves the image quality. These benefits however, can only be achieved through careful hardware and software design. In this paper, methods and algorithms for system calibration, fast and accurate compounding, and removal of the artifacts caused by limb movement during scan are discussed.

Amputation Stumps↗