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At least 901 records · Page 50Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

[Mitral valve replacement with a preserved subvalvular apparatus].

OBJECTIVE: To compare the differences of mitral valve replacement between preservation and no preservation of subvalvular apparatuses for severe mitral regurgitations with mitral stenosis. METHODS: We collected and analyzed the data of cardic function obtained from the cardic colour echo six months before and after operation from 41 patients with severe mitral regurgitation and mitral stenosis, 21 of whom had mitral valve replacement with the preservation of a subvalvular apparatus (MVRP), and 20 of whom had mitral valve replacement without the preservation of a subvalvular apparatus (MVR). RESULTS: The internal diameter of the left ventricle, left ventricular end-diastolic volume index (LVEDVI) and left ventricular end-systolic volume index (LVESVI) were remarkably decreased in the group of MVRP as well as MVR, and the rate of the low cardic output syndrome and death obviously decreased. CONCLUSION: MVRP is superior to MVR for severe mitral regurgitation with mitral stenosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Apparatus for hourly determination of diuresis].

The description is given of an apparatus with a clock-like mechanism imparting to a disk a 45 degrees rotation every 60 minutes in order to transfer the end of a vesical catheter from one graduate cylinder to another. This apparatus offers the possiblity of an hourly collection of urine for a continuous follow up of the clinical and therapeutical evolution, facilitating survey of the patient especially in acute renal insufficiency of varied etiology and in diabetic coma. The hourly diuresis diagram, including the qualitative data of the samples collected, furnishes basic information for research in intensive therapy. The apparatus built with local resources, is cheap and runs silently by means of intermittent electric impulses (220 V), is easily maintained in good conditions and guaranteed against corosion and clogging of the mechanisms.

Circadian Rhythm↗
PubMed1992

[A stereoscopic localization apparatus for early diagnosis of lung cancer and its clinical application].

We invented a stereoscopic localization apparatus for early diagnosis of lung cancer, facilitating fine needle aspiration biopsy especially for the deep-situated small lesion of the lung. Under X-ray, the stereoscopic localization of the three dimensions, posteroanterior sagittal and frontal plane, and transverse section of the body with small lesions can be soon established accurately with the apparatus. 227 percutaneous aspiration biopsies of lung lesions were performed by using the apparatus from 1985 to 1989. Of the 206 patients, 180 had lung lesions less than 3cm in size, and in 89.6% of the patients positive diagnosis was obtained by the first puncture biopsy. Satisfactory specimens were obtained in 96.6% of the biopsies. 26 malignant lesions about 1cm in diameter were localized, punctured and diagnosed accurately. They were subsequently confirmed surgically and pathologically. Mild pneumothorax occurred in 19 patients, and it subsided spontaneously.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The CT-stereotaxic neutron brachytherapy of brain tumors with californium sources on the ANET-B apparatus].

A method for stereotaxic intratissue radiotherapy of brain tumors based on the findings of computed tomography is described. Radiosurgical implantation of sources with increased 252Cf content emitting mixed neutron + gamma-radiation was accomplished by means of an ANET-B apparatus by the afterloading method. Neutron irradiation is particularly effective in patients with malignant tumors possessing a large fraction of cells in a state of deep anoxia. Dosimetric planning was conducted by means of an original computer system. Devices and radiation-technical equipment for adaptation of the ANET-B apparatus for irradiation of neurosurgical patients are described. The indications for the use of this method and its place among the complex of measures for the treatment of patients with new growths of the brain are discussed. The first experience in using CT-stereotaxic neutron brachytherapy with californium sources on the ANET-B apparatus for the treatment of 6 patients with malignant glial tumors of the brain is dwelt on.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Use of the halo-pelvic apparatus for treatment of fracture-dislocations of the thoracic and lumbar spines accompanied by paraplegia.

Twenty-five cases of paraplegia due to fracture-dislocations of the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae were treated using the halo-pelvic apparatus. Thirteen of them only needed the apparatus, two underwent laminectomy, and ten had posterior spinal fusion in addition. The advantages of this method are that gentle reduction can be achieved without severe complications, and that posterior spinal fusion can be performed with this apparatus on, thus enabling an early start to the subsequent exercise program and minimal absence from work.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

[Preservation of the entire mitral subvalvular apparatus during mitral valve replacement in patients with mitral stenosis].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the surgical technique and the effect of preservation of the entire mitral subvalvular apparatus during mitral valve replacement (MVR) in patients with mitral stenosis. METHODS: MVR was performed on 56 patients with mitral stenosis. Of them, 11 had complete preservation of the entire mitral subvalvular apparatus (group A) with the technique of preservation of 'button-shaped' transplantation, 25 had the preservation of the posterior leaflet only (group B), and the other 20 underwent the conventional MVR (group C). Pre- and postoperative hemodynamic parameters were measured to determine the left ventricular performance. Echocardiography was performed preoperatively, at the time of discharge, and 3 to approximately 6 months postoperatively to determine the dimensions and ejection function. RESULTS: Cardiac index, stroke volume index and left ventricular stroke work index postoperatively in group A were better than those in group B and C (P < 0.05). Echocardiographic measurements postoperatively showed the increase of LVESD, LVEDD in group B and C, but a better LVL and LVFS in group A (P < 0.05), and LVEF was more pronounced in group A (P < 0.05). There appeared a long cross-clamp time in group A, but the total CPB time was not significant among the three groups. CONCLUSION: The surgical skills of preservation with 'button-shaped' transplantation may be a practical choice for patients with mitral stenosis. The preservation of entire mitral subvalvular apparatus improves the left ventricular functions after MVR in patients with mitral valve stenosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The ontogenetic approach to chlorophyll fluorescence studies of plant photosynthetic apparatus under stressful conditions].

Based on the analysis of reasons limiting the application of the method of chlorophyll fluorescence induction for estimating the state of the leaf photosynthetic apparatus under prolonged stress, the necessity of the ontogenetic approach consisting in a more exact determination of leaf age was substantiated. A comparison of the calendar and ontogenetic ways of determination of age of cucumber leaves under controlled conditions revealed essential distinctions in the estimation of plant leaf photosynthetic apparatus by the method of chlorophyll fluorescence induction for two variants distinguishing by the cultivation light regime ("white", 400-700 nm, and "red", 600-700 nm). It was shown that, in the case of prolonged effect of the stress factor on the plant, the unambiguity of the interpretation of chlorophyll fluorescence induction parameters in the estimation of the state of their photosynthetic apparatus depends essentially on the choice of the ontogenetic period of leaves of plants being compared and the accuracy of determination of leaf age.

Chlorophyll↗
PubMed1992

[Use of a distraction apparatus in the treatment of flexion contractures in the interphalangeal joints].

The use of a Volkov-Oganesjan distraction reposition apparatus in the treatment of flexion contractures of interphalangeal joints gives very satisfactory results. As compared with formerly used methods of conservative treatment, the apparatus makes reposition of the contractures possible, by its design it protects articular cartilages against damage by pressure and makes continuous rehabilitation of the joint possible throughout the period when the apparatus is used.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[The digestive apparatus during hibernation: morphological and functional changes].

During hibernation feeding is suspended and the digestive apparatus is in a condition of functional rest. This paper is a review of data published in the period from 1966 to 1999 on the structure/function relationship in the digestive apparatus of hibernating animals. The available information is partial, due to differences in methodology and species used; however, it is apparent from the data that the digestive apparatus undergoes an important rearrangement during hibernation, inclusive of mass loss and reduced/arrested mitotic activity, in the presence of a generally preserved morphology of the organs. All changes are reversible upon arousal. Recent findings show that, during hibernation, protein expression may be enhanced in the intestine as well as transport activities in the mucosa. Therefore, the hibernation condition is finely regulated, representing a potentially useful model for studies aimed at improving organ preservation procedures (e.g. for transplantation).

English Abstract↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Structure of the intracellular part of the motility apparatus of halobacteria].

The electron microscopic study of the structure of the motility apparatus of the archaea Halobacterium salinarium 4W12 and Natronobacterium magadii confirmed our earlier observation that the motility apparatus of halobacteria contains an intracellular disk-shaped lamellar structure (DLS). Polar cap structures (PCSs) isolated from the halobacterium were preliminarily identified as the DLSs. The PCSs in complexes with flagella were also isolated from the haloalkaliphilic bacterium N. magadii. The specific structure of the archaeal motility apparatus is discussed.

Euryarchaeota↗
PubMed2006

[Design and application of a cone-shaped warming-acupuncture-moxibustion apparatus].

To design a warming acupuncture-moxibustion apparatus suitable to warming acupuncture therapy and easily attaching to the filiform needle handle. The apparatus consists of a container for moxa, a tray and regulative clips. The container for moxa is for store of moxa-wool without bottom and it can prevent moxa fire and ash from dropping and burning the skin of the patient or the clothes; the tray with holes on it can serve as a support of the moxa in the container, and can control the moxa burning and heat radiation; the clips can adjust the distance between the cone and the skin. With the advantages of handy material, easy installation, lower cost, and convenient operation, the apparatus is worthy of clinical application and popularization.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed2006

The effects of apparatus dead space on P(aCO2) in patients receiving lung-protective ventilation.

BACKGROUND: Lung-protective ventilation using tidal volume (V(T)) of 4-6 mL/kg (predicted body weight) reduces mortality (compared with traditional V(T)) in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome and acute lung injury. Standardized use of lower V(T) can result in respiratory acidosis and has raised new concerns about the appropriate configuration of the ventilator circuit, especially in regard to the dead space (V(D)) of the apparatus. We hypothesized that, with a patient receiving lung-protective ventilation, the removal of all apparatus dead space from the circuit would reduce P(aCO2) and allow a reduction in minute ventilation. METHODS: All the studied patients met the American-European consensus-conference criteria for acute respiratory distress syndrome/acute lung injury, were receiving a lung-protective ventilation strategy, were > 18 years of age, and were hemodynamically stable. We prospectively tested 3 different ventilator-circuit configurations, in random sequence, for 15 min each: (1) standard hygroscopic heat-and-moisture exchanger (HME) with 15-cm flexible tubing, (2) 15-cm flexible tubing only, (3) no HME or flexible tubing. V(T), respiratory rate, positive end-expiratory pressure, and fraction of inspired oxygen were maintained constant throughout the study, and exhaled CO2 was measured continuously. Physiologic dead space (V(D)/V(T)) was calculated using the Enghoff modification of the Bohr equation. RESULTS: Seven patients were studied. Removal of the HME from the circuit significantly decreased V(D)/V(T) (by approximately 6%) and P(aCO2) (by approximately 5 mm Hg). Removal of both the HME and flexible tubing from the circuit reduced V(D)/V(T) by an additional 5%, and P(aCO2) by an additional 6 mm Hg. With both circuit-configuration changes, minute ventilation fell from a mean of 11.51 L/min to 10.35 L/min, and pH increased from 7.30 to 7.38. Carbon-dioxide production did not change significantly. CONCLUSION: In patients receiving lower-V(T) ventilation, removing all the apparatus V(D) from the ventilator circuit reduces P(aCO2) and increases pH, at a lower minute ventilation. This information will help guide ventilator-circuit configuration for patients receiving lung-protective ventilation.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Biomechanical evaluation of the effectiveness of surgical treatment of patients with injuries of the bursal and ligamentous apparatus of the knee joint].

Comparative analysis of data of biomechanical examination of statics and walking of 26 patients with fresh and 20 with inveterate damages of bursal and ligamentous apparatus of the knee joint indicated that transformation of the fresh damages in the inveterate ones inevitably leads to formation of compensatory-adaptable mechanisms in locomotor apparatus directed to compensation of disturbed functions. Early operative treatment of fresh damages of bursal and ligamentous apparatus of the knee joint is a highly effective method that is confirmed by normalization of rhythm of movement at all parts of podographic relief bench in 92,5% patients. After plastic operations on ligamentous structures in case of inveterate damages the rhythm of walking is normalized only in 80,7% cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Bronchial responsiveness to methacholine in the mouse tested by a new apparatus measuring respiratory resistance].

We developed a new apparatus for the measurement of mouse respiratory resistance (Rrs) by an oscillation method. Bronchial responsiveness to methacholine was studied in mice sensitized or not with egg albumin using this apparatus. All of the sensitized mice showed clearly increased bronchial reactivity upon nasal challenge with methacholine compared to normal control mice. The lung obtained from a sensitized mouse showed remarkable contraction of the bronchial smooth muscle, submucosal edema and cell infiltration around the bronchi. These results indicate that mouse Rrs is successfully measured by our newly developed apparatus and suggested that repeated sensitization of mice with allergen render their airway hyperreactive to methacholine.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Development of a high-performance electrophoretic light scattering apparatus for mobility determination of particles with their Stokes' radii of several nanometers.

A sophisticated electrophoretic light scattering apparatus was developed. It allows reliable measurements of electrophoretic mobilities of charged macromolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids and synthetic polyelectrolytes which have been out of the range of the apparatuses of this type aimed at relatively large particles such as microspheres and biological cells. The present apparatus features the monitoring of the electroosmotic flow profile and the determination of the sign of the electrophoretic mobility of an object as well as its high-performance based on the improvement in various facets of acquisition and handling of the signals and data.

Diffusion↗
PubMed1990

Acoustic analysis of experimental prosthetic apparatus on spatial distribution formants.

This study concerns the effects of various prosthetic apparatus on speech perception. In this study we analyzed not only the first and second formant frequencies (as have often been studied previously) but also the third formant frequencies, and the three formant frequencies en masse. Our study demonstrated that of the six kinds of prosthetic apparatus we examined, the least effective apparatus was the L.S. type, while the most effective was the M.P. type.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Basic investigation using K6 diagnostic system. 3. Fabrication of the apparatus wearing a Sensor Alley and the evaluation of its accuracy].

UNLABELLED: An investigation was undertaken to evaluated the accuracy of Sensor Alley, a mandibular movement analyser: K6 Diagnostic System EX with a newly designed auxiliary apparatus. RESULTS: 1) The errors in the values of the standard Sensor Alley were 4.8 mm for the VER-coordinate, 5.0 mm for the AP-coordinate and 3.0 mm for LA-coordinate. 2) The errors of the AP-coordinate were bigger than those of the VER and LA-coordinates. 3) The errors in the values of the standard Sensor Alley fitted with a newly designed auxiliary apparatus were 0.9 mm for the VER-coordinate, 2.0 mm for the AP-coordinate and 1.1 mm for the LA-coordinate. 4) The results led to the conclusion that this newly designed auxiliary apparatus was useful for various studies on mandibular movement used with the K6 Diagnostic System EX.

Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted↗
PubMed1990

[Determination of the rate of oxygen release from flowing erythrocytes in a microvessel--development of an apparatus and the application to microvessels of rat mesentery].

An apparatus for determining the rate of oxygen release from flowing erythrocytes in microvessel was developed by attaching the following units to an inverted microscope. 1) A scanning spectrophotometer, equipped with a grating and a photon counter, was connected with a narrow light-guide, as to obtain the absorption spectrum (wave length range: 450 approximately 650 nm) of a focused spot (of 5 microns diameter), and then to calculate hemoglobin concentration and the oxygen saturation. 2) To measure the velocity of erythrocyte flow by dual-spots cross-correlation method, two photomultipliers (joined to an analog-digital converter and a personal-computer) were connected to the microscope with two light-guides. 3) An image-processor was used to estimate the diameter of vessel from the digitized video-images. The performance of the apparatus was examined with hemoglobin solution and erythrocyte suspension (by flowing through rectangular capillary tubes). The apparatus was applied for microvessels of rat mesentery to determine the rate of oxygen release from flowing erythrocytes. The rate was maximum in capillaries, and the rate in microvessels of arterial side was greater than that in microvessels of venous side ones.

Animals↗