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PubMed1975

[Bacteriological control of blood preservation, production of infusion solutions and dry human plasma under conditions of aseptic work and possible sources of their contamination].

In premises for blood conservation, production of dry human plasma and infusion solutions "notwithstanding the permanent measures for desinfection, new bacterial contamination occurs from time to time and whose source are the casings and material originating from non-sterile environment. Bacteriological control, which has primarily a preventive character, enables a due forecast for measures to be undertaken by the appropriate desinfection of the working surfaces and air, satisfactory conditions of aseptic work can be maintained. General hygiene should be paid attention to as well as mechanical cleansing of premises, avoidance of groups for lunch-time etc., since the treatment by desinfectors would not be sufficient for maintenance of aseptic working conditions. In order to prevent the transmission of bacterial contamination, premises for blood conservation should be strictly separated from other operations and also prevent the unnecessary movements of personnel through corridors. The results of the bacteriological control of the personnel show that greater attention should be paid to their health care since the workers there work in closed aseptic systems and thus avoid them as a bacteria transmittors in respect to danger of blood and dry human plasma contamination. It is also necessary to efficiently educate the personnel for work in aseptic conditions and also increase their elementary knowledge from bacteriology and hygiene. The bacterial skin-flora on the spot of donor's venepuncture also presents a certain danger for blood contamination. Therefore, it is necessary to establish the most optimal manner of skin desinfecate together with the most appropriate means having a fast bactericidal and fungicidal action. It would also be useful, on the basis of further test, to suggest certain standard for an allowed number of conditionally pathogenic and saprophytic microorganisms which would be used by the instutions performing the blood transfusion and production of the intravenous solutions during their bacteriological controls.

Antisepsis↗
PubMed1976

[Report on a two-year experience with an ultrasterile operatory (author's transl)].

2,078 orthopaedic operations were carried out. No infections were observed at 640 hip-joint total endoprosthesis, 26 knee-joint endoprosthesis and 185 osteosynthesis. One primary infection happened in one case only, namely at an elbow-joint endoprosthesis. The compressed air installation, which drives the airturbines, was found to be the reason for the air not being germ-free what caused the infection. It is important that the turbines operate with germ-free air, and that the air recycling equipment is air-tight. The germ-free air of the horizontal displacement flow in an ultra-sterile operatory gives optimum ambient conditions for the operations, particularly when alloplastic interventions with big extraneous objects entail the risk of infections. After also many hours of operation, the air germination was extremely low and practically insignificant and cannot be obtained at such a low degree for conventionally air-conditioned operatories.

Antisepsis↗
PubMed1976

[Surgery in a plastic air-filled chamber. Current possibilities].

The authors have made an assessment of the use of an isolating operation chamber in 137 operations, primarily for the insertion of prostheses the the hip or knee, but also for the shoulder. The isolating chamber can be used equally well for hip, knee, shoulder or other surgery. The unit is made in the form of a plastic balloon, the air inside is sterile. Inflation is maintained by air passed through filters said to give complete sterility. The chamber is fitted with gloves to allow work to be done inside it. It is adherent to the skin of the patient and its wall is incised at the same time as the skin. The result is a very satisfactory isolation of the wound, eliminating faults in aseptic technique but requiring fresh sterilisation for each new procedure. Their assessment has shown that this enclosure can be used without any major problem of adaptation.

Antisepsis↗
PubMed2004

[The private society 'Utrechtsch Geneeskundig Gezelschap Matthias van Geuns' as a source of history and inspiration].

The Utrechtsch Geneeskundig Gezelschap [Utrecht Medical Society] Matthias van Geuns (1793 to the present) is the oldest still active local medical society in the Netherlands. Membership is select and limited to only one local representative from every medical specialty. Proceedings of the medical meetings have never been published, neither was a prize offered for a best essay. The minutes of the meetings, however, have been preserved. They give a fascinating insight into the way this small society reacted to the developments in medicine during two centuries. Infectious diseases, for example cholera, abdominal typhus and tuberculosis, and newly introduced surgical procedures like anaesthesia and antisepsis or asepsis were discussed. The lectures had to be attended by all members and were meant to be aimed at a general medical audience. The society members were expected to prepare themselves and take part in the discussion afterwards, everyone from his own point of view. This procedure was both instructive and stimulating. The minutes of the Utrechtsch Geneeskundig Gezelschap Matthias van Geuns are a valuable source for scientific research on medical developments in the Netherlands, particularly in Utrecht.

History, 18th Century↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Handwashing].

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2-Propanol↗
PubMed2006

[PDT photodynamic therapy in orthopedic inflammatory conditions?].

The infections in orthopedic surgery and traumatology represents important medical problem. The results of treatment of motor-organs infections in high degree were improved by the introduction of antisepsis and asepsis in XIX century and the antibiotics' discovery in the beginning of XX century. However, widespread usage of antibiotics leaded to the rise of refractory tribes of bacteria on their activity, which caused higher percentage of fails in the therapy. Also the rapid civilization development, which flown on arising of a new invasive methods of operative trauma protection and stabilizations of fractures in motor-organs area increased the number of infectious complications during treatment. These facts gave a reason to look for a more effective therapeutic methods. It seems that photodynamic therapy gives us the new possibilities of infectious treatment, which avails oneself activity of therapeutic light laser with proper wave length on the human tissue with photosensitizer included. Indeed there are known until now splendid results of PDT in neoplasma treatment, however it seems, based on experimental investigations and publications in medical literature, that this method can be a chance of effectual and non-invasive treatment of the soft tissues and bones inflammations.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Comparison of videocassette and personal instruction methods for training pharmacy personnel in aseptic technique.

A videocassette self-instruction method of aseptic-technique training was compared with a one-on-one instructor-trainee method to determine the effectiveness and cost of each method. Pharmacy department personnel and pharmacy students with no previous training in aseptic technique were randomly assigned to receive either personal or videocassette instruction. The trainees completed an identical set of practice activities. Three measures were used to determine competency in aseptic technique: written testing on information presented, direct observation monitoring of trainees' technique in preparing broth admixtures, and sterility testing of end products. A total of 28 individuals participated in the study, 14 in each group. Trainees in the group receiving personal instruction had significantly higher overall test scores than did trainees receiving videocassette instruction. Trainees receiving videocassette instruction had more difficulty in aseptic manipulation of needles, syringes, vials, ampuls, bottles, and bags; in properly cleaning the laminar-airflow hood; and in inspecting the prepared admixtures. However, no broth admixture in either group showed evidence of microbial growth. The personal instruction method was more than two and one-half times as expensive as the videocassette method. A combination of videocassette instruction in aseptic technique and instructor intervention during the training process should result in a cost-effective training method.

Antisepsis↗