Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “ADOPTION”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 901 records · Page 50Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Preventing disruption of special needs adoptions.

The incidence of adoption disruptions is much higher in special-needs adoptions than in infant adoptions. This article reports the results of an analysis of differences in functioning between families able to sustain special-needs placements and families in which they disrupted. The finding is that the father plays a pivotal role in maintaining these placements. If he is actively involved in parenting, and able to nurture and support the mother in her role, placements are more likely to be sustained.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A study of disrupted adoptive placements of adolescents.

This article draws upon a subsample of adoptive placements of adolescents (mean age 13.9 years in 1988) derived from a larger survey of older-child adoptions in 13 countries of northern and central California. The articles offers a mine of information to enrich the field's as-yet sparse research of a part of the work in adoption that is growing in attention as the number of adolescents in foster care increases.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1990

Adoption, infertility, and the new reproductive technologies: problems and prospects for social work and welfare policy.

In this article, the author examines the social and psychological issues raised by infertility and addresses problems resulting from the increasing commercialization of children through adoption practices as well as through the proliferation of new reproductive technologies. The author begins with a discussion of infertility and considers some aspects of adoption, the traditional solution to infertility. Some historical, technical, ethical, psychological, and social aspects of artificial insemination, along with newer developments of surrogacy, such as in vitro fertilization and frozen embryos, also are discussed. Recommendations are suggested for meeting the service needs of people who have problems associated with infertility. Finally, the author stresses the importance of research along with the necessity for social workers to take a leadership role in helping society both to understand the ethical issues related to and to develop enlightened public policy on infertility, adoption, and the new reproductive technologies.

Adoption↗
PubMed1990

Update on legal processes for adoption in Indiana.

In this article, we review the process of adoption in Indiana. Comments about the legal process, the right to know issue and the process of adoption from the viewpoint of the potential adoptive parents are discussed.

Adoption↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Developmentally disabled children can be adopted.

People have often thought that developmentally disabled children were hard to place and poor risks in adoption. However, this research shows that a large number of children of all ages and disabilities were placed for adoption with few disruptions. In light of these findings, agencies may well put more effort into identifying developmentally disabled children as suitable candidates for adoption services.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Relationship between foster care and adoption units serving developmentally disabled children.

There were few differences between developmentally disabled foster children and those who were adopted. The foster children as a group were slightly older and more likely to have intact biological families who continued to maintain contact with them. More differences were found in the agencies' structures and practices. The major problem areas identified during the site visits appeared to be within the child welfare system itself, specifically at the interface between foster care and adoption. Bridging mechanisms were needed between units to temper the differences in perception, values, role expectations, and decision-making criteria used by the specialized staffs. When bridging mechanisms were in place, specialization of function was related to increased effectiveness in placing developmentally disabled children for adoption.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Adopted children in psychotherapy.

Research shows that a larger than expected proportion of children in psychiatric treatment are adopted. When these children present with more pressing symptomatology, it is often difficult to determine how and when to address the adoption issue. This report provides a brief analysis of adoption from the perspective of attachment theory and family of origin theory. Case examples illustrate typical themes and dilemmas that arise in therapy. The authors conclude the report with an analysis of factors to consider in clinical decision-making and guidelines for intervention.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Married-couple families with step, adopted, and biological children.

National estimates of the numbers of families with step, adopted, and biological children have not previously been developed. In this work, parent types for children in married-couple families were indirectly identified by using marriage and birth dates. Families were then classified by the types of children present. A large majority (79 percent) had only biological children; however, a significant minority (16 percent) had at least one stepchild and 4 percent had at least one adopted child. This analysis provides national estimates of the numbers and characteristics of married-couple families with step, adopted, and biological children.

Adoption↗
PubMed1989

Longitudinal comparisons of families who have adopted children with mental retardation.

Families with adopted mentally retarded children were contacted 3 years after original study to assess longer term adjustment. Data from 80% of the original sample indicated continued good family adjustment on a number of measures, including the Holroyd Questionnaire on Resources and Stress. Only 2 of 44 children were no longer living with their adoptive/foster parents for reasons related to adjustment difficulties. In contrast, 12 of the families had adopted or were fostering additional children, 11 of whom had handicapping conditions. These data indicate a positive prognosis for adoption as a desirable option for the rearing of children with mental retardation.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Self-acceptance: a factor in the adoption process.

This study determined that high self-acceptance of adoptive parents influenced high parental acceptance of their adopted children. A case is made for emphasizing self-acceptance in adoption procedures.

Adoption↗
PubMed1988

The genetics of secrecy in adoption, artificial insemination, and in vitro fertilization.

In light of the significant role that heredity plays in many disease processes, statutes requiring strict secrecy with regard to medical records in cases of adoption, artificial insemination and in vitro fertilization should be reassessed. In adoption cases, attitudes concerning the adoptee's ancestry have progressed over the century, but adoptees still are unable to access their records. The problem of inaccessibility is also apparent in medical genetics clinics where valuable genetic information, necessary for an accurate diagnosis, is unavailable to the clinic, the adoptive parents, and the birth parents. A uniform law which responds to these interests and problems should be promulgated. This Note discusses the need for better access to and availability of medical records. The Note proposes a Uniform Act and suggests that, at a minimum, it include a scheme for regulating the donation of genetic material, strong record-keeping requirements with respect to family histories and pedigrees, and finally, an open access provision for certain information for both children and parents.

Adoption↗
PubMed1988

Problems experienced by adolescents already in families that adopt older children.

Many families adopt school-aged children, yet the impact of such adoptions on children already in the family is virtually unknown. This paper reports results from a questionnaire administered to a small sample of adolescents concerning difficulties experienced with both newly adopted school-aged siblings and, for comparison, other children already in the family. Difficulties with all siblings were seen primarily as hassles. The adoptee was, however, reported as creating more problems than "old" siblings. The problems with the adoptee, but not with other siblings, suggested invasion of "turf" and, more particularly, interference with parent-child relationships. Difficulties are discussed in relation to their impact on the family system.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Adoption studies: historical and methodological critique.

The history of adoption studies and their use in separating heredity from environmental influences is reviewed. The adoptee separation paradigm became possible through changing social practices which formalized adoption procedures. In the earlier past of this century, the technique was used principally to investigate the relative importance of heredity and environment in the determination of IQ. It was not until the sixties that the technique was used to study the role of heredity in psychopathology. Genetic factors in alcoholism, criminality, personality disorders, antisocial personality, somatization disorder, affective disorder, hyperactivity and schizophrenia were assessed. The review analyses the potential interactions of confounding variables in such studies and how these can be controlled, and discusses the major methodological criticisms which have been raised. Although the predominant interest has been in the use of the technique to define genetic etiological factors in psychopathology, the paradigm is equally able to delineate precisely the role of environmental factors while controlling for heredity. With about 1 per cent of populations being adopted in Western countries, the further scope for such studies continues to hold promise.

Adoption↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Non-medical selection criteria for artificial insemination and adoption.

A survey of Canadian providers of AID was conducted, along with a parallel survey of adoption workers. The questionnaire focused upon non-medical criteria for patient acceptance (for AID and adoption), including acceptance/rejection of single, lesbian, and common-law women, those economically or mentally unable to support children, and those who themselves have or whose partners have criminal records. Further questions concerned decision-making in patient selection, referral of unacceptable patients elsewhere, and the influence if any of legal advice. Most characteristics reflect great disagreement and lack of consensus within the profession. Attitudes towards characteristics may be influenced by the size and form (university vs private) of the practice, as well as by experience with patients with those characteristics. Systematic differences between AID and adoption providers are detailed and explored, as are implications of the study for the development of bioethical thinking and policy making.

Adoption↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Contributors to disruption and dissolution of older-child adoptions.

According to recent evidence, adoptive placements that do not work out are increasingly common. This article reviews research on rates of, and contributors to, adoption and "foster-adoption" disruptions and dissolutions. Implications for practice are included.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The dialectics of open versus closed adoption of infants.

The controversy concerning open versus closed adoption is mired in theoretical dialectics and cannot be resolved without longitudinal research. Adoptive parents and biological parents should be given the choice of participating in open or closed adoptions.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1979

Preparing the school-age child for adoption.

The development of an adoptive relationship for children who have been in the limbo of foster care is a continuous process. It is unrealistic to expect these families to live happily ever after. Agencies must begin developing regular services to meet the special needs of the families being created. To a large extent the issues that will have to be worked through relate to the stages of preparation outlined in this paper. Each stage in the child's growth may activate unresolved issues around the grief at the biological parents' rejection, confusion about identity or difficulty in working through problems. Future adoptive home recruitment must take this into account by providing training and other supports to families considering adopting the older child.

Adoption↗
PubMed1983

Determination of dental age in adopted non-European children.

Adoption and immigration have brought about a considerable number of non-European children living in Sweden. Frequently the date of birth and age of the child are estimates of some uncertainty. In order to find out whether dental age could be useful in these cases a determination of dental age, according to methods described by Gustafson & Koch (1974) and by Liliequist & Lundberg (1971) was carried out in 44 non-European adoptive children, 23 with certain and 21 with uncertain date of birth. The results showed good agreement between the two methods and for children whose date of birth was certain, dental age determination was reliable, regardless of sex and race. For almost half of the children of uncertain age, however, dental age differed by a year or more. This may be seen as evidence of the difficulty in estimating the correct age in the native country and to asses the correctness of this estimate at the routine medical checks at present carried out upon arrival in Sweden. It can be concluded that in order to assign a reliable year of birth all adoptive or immigrant children whose age is at all uncertain should also be subjected to adequate odontological age determination.

Adolescent↗