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PubMedDate not supplied

The "impact factor" in the evaluation of research.

The "impact factor of journals", in brief IF, has become an important tool for the evaluation of research activities in certain disciplines, while it is gaining additional influence in others. Its widespread use is increasingly determining the fate of individuals, and academic departments. It is also contributing to restructuring of academic libraries and to reshaping the map of academic periodicals. There is no doubt that this index appears useful, and in many respects, attractive. It relieves faculty and administrators of the burden of reading and comparing papers and it seems to provide an "objective" criterion for judging scientific research. In this paper we present a different view and we argue that costs, in terms of potential damage to the scientific system, which are caused by an uncritical application of the IF, exceed by far its supposed merits. One purpose of this paper is to encourage scientists working in disciplines that have not yet been invaded by IF, (such as historians, jurists, social scientists and students of the humanities) not to be intimidated by the fact that other sciences are using IF to as a measure of research quality, and to carefully consider the implications of adopting such an index. This is not a study based on sophisticated statistical analysis. For such analysis we refer to the paper by Per O Seglen (a). Our criticism is based on "political" considerations, for which we deem observing reality with the naked eye to be sufficient.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1992

[Bibliographic and documentary activities in the fields of occupational medicine and toxicology].

Great variety of world's medical literature demands elaborating specific bibliographic publications. The authors present a review of world's medical bibliographies with special stress put on occupational medicine and toxicology. The role of indexing languages in the preparation of bibliographies was emphasized. Also, the bibliographic publications edited at the Institute of Occupational Medicine in Lodz were presented. The usefulness of this literature for the specialists in toxicology and occupational medicine was discussed.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed2002

A novel index which precisely derives protein coding regions from cross-species genome alignments.

We introduce here a novel index which precisely derives protein coding regions from cross-species genome alignments. The index is deeply related to frame recovery observed in coding sequence alignments, that is, if insertions or deletions of nucleotides causes frame shifts in coding regions, other in-dels which recover the reading frames will be often observed in the vicinity. In contrast, such frame recoveries are not observed in other conserved regions. We prepared two gene models: a model which finds gene by using sequence similarity and intrinsic gene measures (basic model), and the other model which finds gene by using frame recovery index in addition to sequence similarity and intrinsic gene measures (frame recovery model). We evaluated the prediction accuracies of the two models, and our benchmark test revealed that frame recovery model significantly improved the prediction accuracy in comparison with basic model.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1991

A computerized representation of a medical school curriculum: integration of relational and text management software in database design.

We describe the development of a computer-based representation of the medical school curriculum at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH). Over the past seven years the Medical School's Office of Academic Affairs has employed both relational database and text management software to design an integrated curriculum database system. Depending on the function selected--exploring the curriculum, searching through course outlines, retrieving elective descriptions, identifying teaching faculty, or searching for specific topics--either text management or relational database management routines are activated in a manner transparent to the user. Initial evaluation of the system has been positive but highlights the need for a more robust biomedical language for use as a controlled vocabulary to index content. Efforts are now underway, with support from the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC), to engage other interested schools in the U.S. and Canada in collaborating on further development of a system.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Information retrieval in medicine: state of the art.

Conventional information retrieval systems usually involve searching by terms from controlled vocabularies or by individual words in the text. These systems have been commercially successful but are limited by several problems, including cumbersome interfaces and inconsistency with human indexing. Research on methods that automate indexing and retrieval has been performed to address these problems. The three major types of automated systems are vector-based, probabilistic, and linguistic. This article describes these systems and provides an overview of the field of information retrieval in medicine.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1997

[Value of automated medical indexing of an image database and a digital radiological library].

We indexed the contents of a radiology server on the web to facilitate access to research documents and to link reference texts to images contained in radiology databases. Indexation also allows case reports to be transformed with no supplementary work into formats compatible with computer-assisted training. Indexation was performed automatically by ADM-Index, the aim being to identify the medical concepts expressed within each medical text. Two types of texts were indexed: medical imaging reference books (Edicerf) and case reports with illustrations and captions (Iconocerf). These documents are now available on a web server with HTML format for Edicerf and on an Oracle database for Iconocerf. When the user consults a chapter of a book or a case report, the indexed terms are displayed in the heading; all reference texts and case reports containing the indexed terms can then be called up instantaneously. The user can express his search in natural language. Indexation follows the same process allowing instantaneous recall of all reference texts and case reports where the same concept appears in the diagnosis or clinical context. By using the context of the case reports as the search index, all case reports involving a common medical concept can be found. The context is interpreted as a question. When the user responds to this question, ADM-Index compares this response with the answer furnished by the reference texts and case reports. Correct or erroneous responses can thus be identified, converting the system into a computer-assisted training tool.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1997

Mapping the literature of physical therapy.

Physical therapy is a fast growing profession because of the aging population, medical advances, and the public's interest in health promotion. This study is part of the Medical Library Association (MLA) Nursing and Allied Health Resources Section's project to map the allied health literature. It identifies the core journals in physical therapy by analyzing the cited references of articles in two established physical therapy journals, Physical Therapy and Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, during the period 1991 through 1993. This bibliometric analysis also determines the extent to which these journals are covered by the primary indexing sources, Allied and Alternative Medicine (AMED), the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, EMBASE, and MEDLINE. In this study, fourteen journals were found to supply one-third of all references studied. Ninety-five journals provided an additional third of the references. MEDLINE rated the highest as the indexing tool of choice for these 109 journals. The study results can assist in collection development decisions, advise physical therapists as to the best access to their core literature, and influence database producers to increase their coverage of the literature important to physical therapy.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1991

The Medline/full-text research project.

This project was designed to test the relative efficacy of index terms and full-text for the retrieval of documents in those MEDLINE journals for which full-text searching was also available. The full-text files used were MEDIS from Mead Data Central and CCML from BRS Information Technologies. One hundred clinical medical topics were searched in these two files as well as the MEDLINE file to accumulate the necessary data. It was found that full-text identified significantly more relevant articles than did the indexed file, MEDLINE. The full-text searches, however, lacked the precision of searches done in the indexed file. Most relevant items missed in the full-text files, but identified in MEDLINE, were missed because the searcher failed to account for some aspect of natural language, used a logical or positional operator that was too restrictive, or included a concept which was implied, but not expressed in the natural language. Very few of the unique relevant full-text citations would have been retrieved by title or abstract alone. Finally, as of July, 1990 the more current issue of a journal was just as likely to appear in MEDLINE as in one of the full-text files.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1991

A hospital capital price index.

This paper describes the development of a price index for hospital equipment. Based on 10 years of hospital capital acquisition data from a large teaching hospital, equipment acquisitions were categorized and weights derived for each category. Using national producer price indexes for each of these categories, a national hospital equipment index was derived for 1981 to 1991. Forecasts for 1991 and 1992 were then made. The resulting index indicated that price movements of our hospital capital equipment index were very similar to the Implicit Gross Domestic Product Deflator, an index that measures price changes for the nation's Gross Domestic Product. However, because of the relative importance of several categories of equipment (scientific instruments, computers), more widespread data on hospital equipment expenditure patterns would be desirable in order to validate these results.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1990

Proposed legislation would blunt area wage index changes.

Legislation introduced in Congress will blunt the dramatic changes in Medicare payments to hospitals resulting from the area wage index update. The legislation calls for the new index values to be phased in over the next two years instead of taking full effect on Oct. 1. However, the legislation will not alter the fact that hospitals in some market areas will be big winners, while those in other areas will be big losers.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed2005

Indexing method of digital audiovisual medical resources with semantic Web integration.

Digitalization of audiovisual resources and network capability offer many possibilities which are the subject of intensive work in scientific and industrial sectors. Indexing such resources is a major challenge. Recently, the Motion Pictures Expert Group (MPEG) has developed MPEG-7, a standard for describing multimedia content. The goal of this standard is to develop a rich set of standardized tools to enable efficient retrieval from digital archives or the filtering of audiovisual broadcasts on the Internet. How could this kind of technology be used in the medical context? In this paper, we propose a simpler indexing system, based on the Dublin Core standard and compliant to MPEG-7. We use MeSH and the UMLS to introduce conceptual navigation. We also present a video-platform which enables encoding and gives access to audiovisual resources in streaming mode.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CliniWeb: managing clinical information on the World Wide Web.

The World Wide Web is a powerful new way to deliver on-line clinical information, but several problems limit its value to health care professionals: content is highly distributed and difficult to find, clinical information is not separated from non-clinical information, and the current Web technology is unable to support some advanced retrieval capabilities. A system called CliniWeb has been developed to address these problems. CliniWeb is an index to clinical information on the World Wide Web, providing a browsing and searching interface to clinical content at the level of the health care student or provider. Its database contains a list of clinical information resources on the Web that are indexed by terms from the Medical Subject Headings disease tree and retrieved with the assistance of SAPHIRE. Limitations of the processes used to build the database are discussed, together with directions for future research.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed2002

The horizontal and vertical nature of patient phenotype retrieval: new directions for clinical text processing.

The author reviews the historical problem of identifying appropriate patients for retrieval from a clinical repository of patient records, compares the competing features of document classification and natural language processing, and proposes an alternative approach. The alternative approach 1) codes inquiries in an ontology to lend a vertical axis to retrieval knowledge instead of coding the target body of notes, 2) invokes natural language indexing and lexical normalizations on the corpus of notes that is scalable and tractable, and 3) leverages thesauri of word-level synonyms and near-synonyms to expand term searches "horizontally" around the concept spaces drawn from the ontology in which the queries were "coded."

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1997

A use study of speech pathology and audiology periodicals at Illinois State University.

No core list of periodicals exists for speech pathology and audiology. Faced with the prospect of having to cancer periodicals for all subjects, the science librarians at Illinois State University decided to determine which science periodicals were used most heavily. A one-year study of science periodical reshelving and interlibrary loan requests yielded ranked lists of periodicals important to speech pathology and audiology faculty and students at Illinois State University. The three most heavily used journals were the Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, ASHA, and Topics in Language Disorders. Most of the periodicals on the lists were indexed by either MEDLINE or UnCover, or by both. While the lists of journals developed in the study are not sufficient to serve as true core lists, they should be useful to libraries supporting comparable programs in speech pathology and audiology.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Scientific production in public health and the international bibliographic data bases].

This study begins by briefly situating the development of indexing procedures in the scientific literature, dating to the latter half of the 19th century. Next, taking public health in Latin America as its reference, it analyzes the current use of indexing for the evaluation of scientific production, and thus that of scientific periodicals. The argument is that for various reasons, international indexing should not be used as the only parameter for evaluating the impact of Latin American scientific production in public health. Criteria other than impact indices should be developed to promote a broader understanding of the dynamics of scientific production in the Latin America public health field.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed2003

Indexing method of digital audiovisual medical resources with semantic Web integration.

Digitalization of audio-visual resources combined with the performances of the networks offer many possibilities which are the subject of intensive work in the scientific and industrial sectors. Indexing such resources is a major challenge. Recently, the Motion Pictures Expert Group (MPEG) has been developing MPEG-7, a standard for describing multimedia content. The good of this standard is to develop a rich set of standardized tools to enable fast efficient retrieval from digital archives or filtering audiovisual broadcasts on the internet. How this kind of technologies could be used in the medical context? In this paper, we propose a simpler indexing system, based on Dublin Core standard and complaint to MPEG-7. We use MeSH and UMLS to introduce conceptual navigation. We also present a video-platform with enables to encode and give access to audio-visual resources in streaming mode.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1988

Occupational therapy articles in serial publications: an analysis of sources.

This study was designed to locate and document serial literature on occupational therapy published since 1900. Emphasis is placed on finding articles on occupational therapy or by occupational therapists from sources other than those normally associated with the professional journals. Multiple sources were used including print indexes, online databases, occupational therapy bibliographies, and tables of contents or yearly indexes. Almost 7,000 articles were identified, not including those published in foreign journals. Occupational therapy publications have increased steadily since 1900, with the most rapid increase during the 1970s and 1980s when five new occupational therapy journals were initiated. Suggestions for formulating search strategies are included.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1994

[Fractures from falls in elderly patients: are they neuropsychiatric emergencies?].

To identify a possible link between mental impairment and spontaneous fall-related fractures, we studied two groups of elderly hospitalized patients for physical and cognitive status. The study population consisted of 120 patients admitted for post-surgical rehabilitation after fall-related fractures (FRF). The patients were living at home when the accident occurred. The mean age was 81.0 years; 110 women, mean age 81.2 +/- 8.1; 10 men, mean age 82.8 +/- 8.5 years). The control group consisted of 81 patients hospitalized for somatic conditions who had never had falls or fractures (46 women and 35 men, mean age 79.4 +/- 5.7 years). The following cognitive tests were used: Folstein's MMSE, Benton's visual recall, and the Rey figure with both subtests (copy: RC; and recall: RM). In the study population (95%) 114 patients had previously fallen and 44 (38%) had had fractures, 65% had cardiovascular disease, compared to 6% of the controls. The respective mean psychometric scores for each test in the study and control population were as follows: MMSE: 18.92 +/- 6.45 vs 24.2 +/- 3.2 (normal value > 25); P = 4.5 x 10(-8). Benton: 11.03 +/- 4.91 vs 15.69 +/- 3.2 (normal value > 25); P = 2.3 x 10(-8). RC: 14.84 +/- 9.9 vs 25 +/- 7.6 (normal value > 30); P = 4.5 x 10(-8). RM: 4.55 +/- 4.5 vs 9.04 +/- 5.7 (normal value > 22); P = 2.17 x 10(-8). Despite these patient's apparently normal social facade, they had a far mode marked and significated mental deterioration than the controls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Accidental Falls↗