Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Voice Training”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Computer-assisted phonetography as a diagnostic aid in functional dysphonia].

A total of 160 voice-trained and untrained subjects with functional dysphonia were given a "clinical rating" according to their clinical findings. This was a certain value on a scale that recorded the degree of functional voice disorder ranging from a marked hypofunction to an extreme hyperfunction. The phonetograms of these patients were approximated by ellipses, whereby the definition and quantitative recording of several phonetogram parameters were rendered possible. By means of a linear combination of phonetogram parameters, a "calculated assessment" was obtained for each patient that was expected to tally with the "clinical rating". This paper demonstrates that a graduation of the dysphonic clinical picture with regard to the presence of hypofunctional or hyperfunctional components is possible via computerised phonetogram evaluation. In this case, the "calculated assessments" for both male and female singers and non-singers must be computed using different linear combinations. The method can be introduced as a supplementary diagnostic procedure in the diagnosis of functional dysphonia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

An update in thinking about nonorganic voice disorders.

OBJECTIVE: To describe and evaluate psychosocial factors in nonorganic voice disorders (NVDs). Nonorganic voice disorders are presumed to be the result of increased muscular tension that is caused to varying extents by vocal misuse and emotional stress. It is therefore necessary to include both of these in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with voice disorders. DESIGN: Clinical survey. SETTING: Academic tertiary referral center. PATIENTS: To evaluate psychosocial factors in NVDs, a sample of 74 patients with NVDs was examined psychologically using the Giessen Test and Picture Frustration Test. The results were compared with a control group of 19 patients with an organic dysphonia (vocal cord paralysis). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Six scales of the Giessen Test (social response, dominance, control, underlying mood, permeability, and social potency), 3 reaction types of the Picture Frustration Test (obstacle dominance, ego defense, and need persistence), and 3 aggression categories of the Picture Frustration Test (extrapunitivity, intropunitivity, and impunitivity). RESULTS: The most striking significant difference between the 2 groups was that in conflict situations, patients with NVDs sought a quick solution or expected other people to provide one, which prevented them from understanding the underlying causes of the conflict. CONCLUSIONS: Only if the psychosocial aspects are taken into account can patients with NVD be offered a therapy that treats the causes of the voice disorder. It must be decided individually whether and when a voice training approach or a more psychological-psychotherapeutical approach is preferable.

Female↗
PubMed1993

That golden voice--talent or training?

This article is an updating and expansion of a lecture presented at the Thirteenth Symposium on the Care of the Professional Voice, New York, June 1984; a somewhat limited version of the manuscript was published in the Transcripts of that symposium. Basically, an attempt will be made by an observer from another field to lay the groundwork for the better understanding of the "voice teacher." Accordingly, some of the dialogue to follow may be a little informal; it certainly is interpretive. The latter portion of the discussion will involve suggestions/illustrations that may be useful in further enhancing this somewhat underrated field and bonding it to others. While the comments found below reflect only the opinions of the author, it is fair to state that most of them have been articulated by others.

Female↗
PubMed2004

A theoretical study of F0-F1 interaction with application to resonant speaking and singing voice.

An interactive source-filter system, consisting of a three-mass body-cover model of the vocal folds and a wave reflection model of the vocal tract, was used to test the dependence of vocal fold vibration on the vocal tract. The degree of interaction is governed by the epilarynx tube, which raises the vocal tract impedance to match the impedance of the glottis. The key component of the impedance is inertive reactance. Whenever there is inertive reactance, the vocal tract assists the vocal folds in vibration. The amplitude of vibration and the glottal flow can more than double, and the oral radiated power can increase up to 10 dB. As F0 approaches F1, the first formant frequency, the interactive source-filter system loses its advantage (because inertive reactance changes to compliant reactance) and the noninteractive system produces greater vocal output. Thus, from a voice training and control standpoint, there may be reasons to operate the system in either interactive and noninteractive modes. The harmonics 2F0 and 3F0 can also benefit from being positioned slightly below F1.

Humans↗
PubMed1999

A study of vibrato: assessment by panel of judges compared to spectral voice analysis.

Experts in voice singing and voice training were asked to judge the vibrato of 30 singers (4 samples per singer: a sung [a] held without vibrato; a sung a[ held with vibrato; a self-selected passage and an imposed passage. In the first part, they ticked the type of oscillations (vibrato, straight tone, tremolo, quivering...). In the second part, they appraised various criteria. Intra-judge and inter-judge consistencies were determined. The subjective parameters were thereafter correlated with the measurements of six parameters of the MDVP (MultiDimentional Voice Program). The measurements were carried out on each task. Intra-judge consistency was good for only one judge (67-87% consistency). Since judge 2 and 3 were hardly reproducible (45-73%; 28-57%) measurement of the inter-judge consistency was pointless. The results of judge 1 were correlated with the Fundamental Tremor Frequency Index, the jitter and the shimmer.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Organic changes of the vocal cords. Phonosurgery helps here].

Surgical interventions aimed at preserving, improving or restoring vocal function define the term phonosurgery. Options include endolaryngeal microscopic techniques and extralaryngeal approaches for the treatment of vocal cord polyps, Reinke's edema, nodules and cysts, treatment of injuries to the larynx, and partial resection of malignant tumors. Further indications are deficits in vocal cord closure resulting from impaired laryngeal nerve function. Of particular importance in this connection are augmentation and medialization of the vocal cords. Additional possibilities are modification (higher/lower) of the pitch of the voice to improve the quality of life of transsexuals. Provided the indications are carefully established and concomitent voice training is offered, phonosurgical interventions may be a good means of ameliorating morphological and functional deficits of the larynx. Patient information on the possibilities of phonosurgery, careful selection of the appropriate surgical technique, adequate experience on the part of the surgeon, and good anesthesiological management, all impact on the outcome of this form of treatment.

Humans↗
PubMed2006

Birth control pills and nonprofessional voice: acoustic analyses.

PURPOSE: Two studies are presented here. Study 1 was aimed at evaluating whether the voice characteristics of women who use birth control pills that contain different progestins differ from the voice characteristics of a control group. Study 2 presents a meta-analysis that combined the results of Study 1 with those from 3 recent studies that compared voices of women who use and do not use birth control pills. METHOD: In Study 1, voice samples from 30 women with no history of voice training, who use pills with different progestins (drospirenone, desogestrel, gestodene), and 10 women who do not use the pill were recorded at specific time points across the menstrual cycle and were analyzed acoustically. In Study 2, results from Study 1 were analyzed jointly with results from three recent studies, which used similar methodologies. RESULTS: Results of Study 1 did not reveal acoustic differences in sustained phonation of vowels across the pill groups and controls. Results of the meta-analysis performed in Study 2 indicated that pill users exhibited lower jitter and shimmer values on sustained vowels, whereas no difference of fundamental frequency was observed among women who use the pill. CONCLUSIONS: These results support findings from previous studies, which suggested that no adverse effect on voice was detected among nonprofessional speakers who use new-generation monophasic birth control pills, for the measures studied. Furthermore, results of the meta-analysis suggested that some acoustic properties of the voice, which are reflected in perturbation measures in sustained vowels, may be improved among women who use the pill.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Near total laryngectomy: a versatile approach for voice restoration in advanced T3 and T4 laryngeal cancer: functional results and survival.

PURPOSE: Creation of a tunneled mucosal shunt between the trachea and pharynx that is controlled by remaining intrinsic laryngeal musculature with its nerve supply is an acceptable voice restoration procedure for advanced T3 and T4 laryngeal cancer. Such a tunnel will allow unilateral direction of air from lung to pharynx during phonation and will prevent aspiration since deglutition is a vagal mediated response which will induce contraction of tubed laryngeal musculature preventing aspiration. We previously reported our preliminary experience with the technique and we adopted the voice restoration approach based on the concept of the near total laryngectomy thereafter. METHODS: Forty five patients with histologically proven squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx were included in this study (between January 1998 and February 2001). They were 42 males and 3 females with a mean age of 52.6 years. Criteria for selection were a normal vocal process and arytenoid cartilage on the opposite side of the lesion as evidenced by endoscopy and CT scan with no major subglottic extension. In two patients supraglottic laryngectomy was carried out and in four other patients, complete tumor extirpation necessitated total laryngectomy. Accordingly, near total laryngectomy was carried out in the remaining 39 patients. Following a near total laryngectomy, where all laryngeal mucosa and cartilages are resected sparing the contralateral arytenoid cartilage with the overlying mucosa and surrounding musculature, the shunt was created by tubing the remaining mucosa with augmentation by pyriform sinus mucosa if necessary. The resulting tube was fashioned over 14 FG catheter for diameter control only and the remaining muscles were sutured over the tube. A permanent tracheostomy was established. Voice training was started postoperatively following resumption of oral feeding. RESULTS: Only one patient died in the immediate postoperative period due to massive myocardial infarction. One patient developed reactionary hemorrhage that was explored and controlled. Minor salivary fistula developed in nine patients (23.1%) and all were managed conservatively, none required intervention. Two patients (7.6%) had a retracted tracheostomy that required refashioning. Thirteen patients (33.3%) suffered transient aspiration that resolved spontaneously, non required intervention. Six patients developed recurrent disease (15.8%). The overall two year disease free survival was 76%. None of the cases developed laryngeal mucosal recurrences. Intelligible speech was achieved in 31 patients (81.6%). In the seven patients with shunt failure, insertion of a one way valve was successful in five patients in restoring a good quality voice. CONCLUSION: Near total laryngectomy is an oncologically safe procedure with acceptable complications that are well tolerated. It represents an ideal solution for patients with advanced T3 and T4 laryngeal cancer. Voice quality is very good and it does not require further management as is the case with prosthetic voice shunt valves.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1993

Characteristics of normal larynges under flexible fiberscopic and stroboscopic examination: an Australian perspective.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the structure and function of larynges of 35 subjects with normal voices. Volunteers aged between 20 and 50 years with no history of voice disorders or laryngeal surgery, no current allergies, no formal voice training, and no hyperactive gag reflex were required to perform various vocal manoeuvres that were carried out under continuous and stroboscopic light. An assessment form was devised to record the condition and function of the larynx. The videotapes of the procedure were rated by experienced judges. The Australian Fiberscopic Profile was devised to record the relevant parameters under continuous light. Videostroboscopic ratings were carried out using the Bless protocol rating. High interjudge agreement was found across the two rating profiles.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Acoustic impedance of an artificially lengthened and constricted vocal tract.

Voice training techniques often make use of exercises involving partial occlusion of the vocal tract, typically at the anterior part of the oral cavity or at the lips. In this study two techniques are investigated: a bilabial fricative and a small diameter hard-walled tube placed between the lips. Because the input acoustic impedance of the vocal tract is known to affect both the shaping of the glottal flow pulse and the vibrational pattern of the vocal folds, a study of the input impedance is an essential step in understanding the benefits of these two techniques. The input acoustic impedance of the vocal tract was investigated theoretically for cases of a vowel, bilabial occlusion (fully closed lips), a bilabial fricative, and artificially lengthening the tract with small diameter tubes. The results indicate that the tubes increase the input impedance in the range of the fundamental frequency of phonation by lowering the first formant frequency to nearly that of the bilabial occlusion (the lower bound on the first formant) while still allowing a continuous airflow. The bilabial fricative also has the effect of lowering the first formant frequency and increasing the low-frequency impedance, but not as effectively as the extension tubes.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1990

Electroglottogram waveform types of untrained speakers.

Electroglottography is a useful, non-invasive technique that can assist in the assessment of vocal fold dysfunction. However, if it is to become a useful clinical tool, there is a need for normative studies of the electroglottogram waveform types that characterize different groups of speakers. This report compares the electroglottogram waveform types characterizing one trained professional voice user phonating in 15 experimental sessions under various fundamental frequencies, intensities and voice qualities with those obtained from 52 untrained non-professional speakers.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Language acquisition from sparse input without error feedback.

A connectionist-inspired, parallel processing network is presented which learns, on the basis of (relevantly) sparse input, to assign meaning interpretations to novel test sentences in both active and passive voice. Training and test sentences are generated from a simple recursive grammar, but once trained, the network successfully processes thousands of sentences containing deeply embedded clauses. All training is unsupervised with regard to error feedback - only Hebbian and self-organizing forms of training are employed. In addition, the active-passive distinction is acquired without any supervised provision of cues or flags (in the output layer) that indicate whether the input sentence is in active or passive sentence. In more detail: (1) The model learns on the basis of a corpus of about 1000 sentences while the set of potential test sentences contains over 100 million sentences. (2) The model generalizes its capacity to interpret active and passive sentences to substantially deeper levels of clausal embedding. (3) After training, the model satisfies criteria for strong syntactic and strong semantic systematicity that humans also satisfy. (4) Symbolic message passing occurs within the model's output layer. This symbolic aspect reflects certain prior language acquistion assumptions.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2002

Functional symptoms confused with allergic disorders in children and adolescents.

The diagnosis of a functional respiratory disorder is sometimes difficult and time-consuming, because the symptoms often resemble those of organic diseases. The most common entities are hyperventilation syndrome, psychogenic cough, sighing dyspnea, and vocal cord dysfunction. Typical signs are heavy breathing or dyspnea, cough or sneezing, various breathing sounds, tightness of the throat or chest, pain, and fear. Criteria for differentiation include the lack of nocturnal symptoms, the sudden occurrence, no typical trigger factors, the variable duration, a quick regression, and that symptoms do not respond to adequate pharmacotherapy and finally normal results of diagnostic work-up. Therapeutic options comprise psychological intervention (by reassurance, relaxation techniques, and behaviour therapy) and physiotherapy (e.g. breathing therapy, voice training). Intensive efforts should be made to diagnose functional symptoms at an early stage because this will prevent stigmatization and fixation of symptoms and disease, and also prevent children from undergoing unnecessary and potentially harmful therapies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Teflon injection in 16 patients with paralytic dysphonia: perceptual and acoustic evaluations.

Sixteen patients with paralytic dysphonia were treated with Teflon injection in the paralyzed vocal fold. Trained voice pathologists rated the pre- and postinjection voices on a 5-point scale for each 11 voice characteristics. Among these, aphonia, breathiness, and hypofunction diminished significantly after injection. The perceptual evaluation was correlated with acoustic data from long-time-average spectrum analysis, fundamental frequency distribution analysis, and waveform perturbation analysis. In this acoustic assessment, systematic changes were found in the long-time-average spectra, which agreed well with the perceptual data. In 12 of 16 patients the voice was both perceptually and acoustically improved after Teflon injection.

Adult↗