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At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Spectrum and susceptibility of pathogens causing acute uncomplicated lower UTI in females and its correlation to bacteriologic outcome after single dose therapy with fosfomycin trometamol versus ofloxacin/co-trimoxazole.

In a multicentric study comparing oral single-dose therapy of fosfomycin trometamol (3 g as fosfomycin) versus co-trimoxazole (1.92 g) or ofloxacin (200 mg) as many as possible of the pathogens were sent to and analysed in a central laboratory. The pathogens were identified and minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of fosfomycin, trimethoprim alone and in combination with sulfamethoxazole, ofloxacin, ampicillin, amoxicillin combined with clavulanic acid, and cephadroxil were determined. The eradication of pathogens (cfu < 10(3)/ml at one week after single-dose therapy) was analysed according to species and MIC of the antibiotic used. Urine cultures of 349 patients were analysed. Escherichia coli was the predominating species followed by staphylococci and Proteus mirabilis. Enterococci were mostly found in mixed culture. Baseline pathogens of monoinfections were eradicated in 87.1%, in 88.9% and in 86.4% of 284 patients treated with fosfomycin trometamol, co-trimoxazole and ofloxacin, respectively. The MICs of the five antibacterial agents and the two antibiotic combinations for 253 baseline pathogens showed that of the E. coli strains none was resistant to ofloxacin, three (MIC = 128 mg/l) were resistant to fosfomycin, 3.6% to co-trimoxazole, 6.2% to trimethoprim, 8.8% to ampicillin, and 5.7% to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. The eradication rates according to the MICs of the corresponding drugs showed equally good eradication rates for fosfomycin up to an MIC of 64 mg/l. Above this level two out of three strains were also eradicated by fosfomycin trometamol. For co-trimoxazole and ofloxacin no intermediately sensitive or resistant strains were found. Within the range of MICs found there were equally good eradication rates for both antibacterial agents.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rufloxacin once daily versus ofloxacin twice daily for treatment of complicated cystitis and upper urinary tract infections. Italian Multicentre UTI Rufloxacin Group.

The efficacy and safety of rufloxacin once daily was compared with that of ofloxacin b.i.d. for therapy of complicated cystitis and upper urinary tract infections. Eighty-three patients were randomly assigned to receive rufloxacin as a loading dose of 400 mg on the first day, followed by 200 mg s.i.d., and 80 received ofloxacin 300 mg b.i.d. Both agents were administered orally for a median duration of eight days. Bacterial elimination rates after treatment were 90% for rufloxacin and 81% for ofloxacin. Half of the treatment failures occurred in patients with infections caused by uropathogens that became either less sensitive or resistant to the quinolones being studied. At a two-week follow-up, recurrences had not occurred in any of the rufloxacin patients and had occurred in 17% of the ofloxacin patients. Minor adverse reactions were reported by 12 and 13 patients, respectively. Rufloxacin once daily is as effective as ofloxacin b.i.d. for the treatment of complicated cystitis and upper urinary tract infections.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2000

Multiple pelvoureteric diverticulosis in a 1-month-old infant with a del(10p) chromosomal abnormality presenting with UTI and VUR.

A 1-month-old girl with a del(10p) chromosomal abnormality presented with a febrile urinary tract infection. Radiographic voiding cystourethrography demonstrated bilateral vesicoureteral reflux and multiple pelvoureteric diverticula ranging in size from 2 to 5 mm. Pandiverticulosis of the urinary tract in a child of this age has not been previously reported.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of the FiltraCheck-UTI for detection of bacteriuria.

The FiltraCheck-UT1 (FC) is a disposable colorimetric urine screen for bacteriuria that requires less than 1 min to perform. The results of the FC and two other urine screens, the Bac-T-Screen (BTS) and the Chemstrip LN test strip (LN), were compared with quantitative culture method. A total of 551 urine specimens were tested. The sensitivity of FC, BTS, and LN for probable pathogens at greater than or equal to 10(5) CFU/ml was 94.8%, 97.4%, and 77.9% respectively. These values for specimens with probable pathogens at greater than or equal to 10(4) CFU/ml were 91.1%, 92.1%, and 74.3%, respectively. When the LN was combined with the FC or BTS as a urine screen, the sensitivity for probable pathogens was improved.

Bacteria↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Treating UTIs.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Postmenopausal women with recurrent UTI.

Urinary tract infection is a frequent disease in elderly women. The lack of estrogen, which characterizes the postmenopause, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of this infective disease. Exogenous estrogen replacement, however, is very effective in the prevention of bacteriuria in these women. The safety of oral and vaginal estriol and their efficacy in comparison to antimicrobial prophylaxis should be confirmed in the future.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

How adequate are the new guidelines on clinical evaluation of bacteriological outcome in uncomplicated UTI?

While the Infectious Diseases Society of Americas guidelines for clinical trials of antibiotics have proven valuable for defining inclusion criteria in studies of urinary tract infections, they are far from perfect when it comes to defining outcome of treatment. This was obvious in a trial comparing a beta-lactam antibiotic and a fluoroquinolone for treatment of acute uncomplicated cystitis in women. Depending on how failure was defined in terms of bacterial count and pyuria, failure rates with one and the same regimen varied between 6 and 67% of patients treated with the beta-lactam. Another finding was that pyuria measured with microscopy of urine sediment was a highly unreliable technique. Systematic studies are needed to define the optimal criteria for measuring outcome in these infections.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗