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PubMed2006

Insulin-like growth factor system components in the periodontium during tooth root resorption and early repair processes in the rat.

There is evidence that growth factors, such as the insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), are involved in biological and pathological processes in oro-dento-facial tissues. To investigate their roles in tooth movement, root resorption, and repair, the occurrence of components of the IGF system, including the ligands IGF-I and -II, the IGF receptor 1 (IGF1R) and six IGF-binding proteins (IGFBP-1 to -6), was investigated by immunohistochemistry on sections from rat maxillae where the first molar had been moved mesially by means of an orthodontic appliance for 9 d to induce root resorption. After force deactivation on day 0, early repair was studied after a further 5, 7, 10, 12, 14, and 17 d. The immunostaining pattern in the periodontal ligament, cementum, and bone of control animals showed similarities known from studies in human teeth. Increased immunostaining for nearly all components in pressure sides and resorption lacunae indicated an involvement in resorption processes and clastic activities. During early stages of repair, the occurrence of several components (e.g. IGF-II, IGFBP-5 or -6) within lacunae and in cementoblasts showed an involvement in the resorption-repair sequence, which is considered to be a coupling process as known from bone.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1992

Bone and root resorption. Effects of the force developed during periodontal ligament injections in dogs.

The purpose of this study was to determine the role of the pressure generated during the intraligamentary injection technique on the occurrence of root and bone resorptions in dogs. Five beagles were used in the study, and interventions were scheduled to provide observation periods at 7, 25, and 45 days. One hundred five sites on the dogs were divided into three groups: (1) those subjected to needle penetration; (2) those subjected to saline solution injection; and (3) the control sites. Injections were made with a specially designed syringe equipped with a miniaturized force transducer. The dogs were then killed, and block sections of the sites were made and treated in accord with standard histologic procedures. The mean number of osteoclasts and odontoclasts was calculated for each group, and the mean value of bone and tooth resorption angle was measured. Data were then analyzed statistically. Results showed that, at 7 days, needle penetration and saline solution injection caused osteoclastic activity and bone resorption; the number of osteoclasts and the extent bone resorption were greater in the group that received the injection of saline solution. No difference was found for the odontoclastic activity and tooth resorption. A correlation was found between the force developed during injection, the mean number of osteoclasts, and the mean angle of bone and tooth resorption. At 25 and 45 days, healing had occurred. These findings suggest that fluid pressure within the periodontal ligament is sufficient to initiate osteoclastic, reversible bone resorption.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗
PubMed1984

Root resorption and tooth movement in orthodontically treated, calcium-deficient, and lactating rats.

Previous studies have shown that chronic dietary deficiency of calcium can result in more rapid orthodontic tooth movement. The purposes of this study were to confirm that finding in a calcium-deficient, lactating rat model and to quantify the degree to which the area of root surface resorption is affected by these conditions. Thirty-five adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups: (1) nonlactating animals on a control diet and (2) lactating animals on a calcium-deficient diet. A 60-gm orthodontic force designed to tip maxillary molars mesially was applied for varying times. At sacrifice, tooth movement was quantified by measuring the space created between maxillary molars; percent bone ash was measured for each humerus, and root surface resorption was estimated by means of a morphometric technique to measure the area of cratering on the mesial roots of first molars. Both groups showed a typical two-phased tooth movement cycle lasting for 10 days, although the magnitude of movement was significantly greater (p less than 0.001) in the test animals. The "humerus" test from animals exhibited a significantly decreased (p less than 0.001) fat-free dry weight, ash, and percent ash weight. The test group also displayed a significantly reduced percent area of root surface resorption (p less than 0.05) by 7 and 10 days following appliance activation. These findings confirm earlier observations that lactation, coupled with calcium deficiency, will produce decreased bone density which is consistent with increased parathyroid hormone secretion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Activator Appliances↗
PubMed1982

Calcium oxalate deposition in the periodontium secondary to chronic renal failure.

Deposition of calcium oxalate in the periodontium with accompanying bone loss and tooth resorption, occurred in a 55-year-old woman on long-term renal dialysis for end-stage renal disease. These deposits were birefringent upon examination with polarized light. Scanning electron microscopy of the deposits revealed clusters of sharply angular oblong and needlelike crystals. Microincineration followed by staining with alizarin red S was positive for calcium oxalate. X-ray diffraction studies of the crystals in the tissue specimen revealed a pattern identical to that of commercially prepared calcium oxalate monohydrate. It is postulated that pre-existing inflammatory periodontal disease may have provided the appropriate milieu for the deposition and precipitation of crystals. These deposits, acting as a foreign body, further intensified the inflammatory response, resulting in extensive alveolar bone loss and external tooth resorption.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[The prognosis of autologous tooth transplants in orthodontic treatment planning].

Autogenous tooth transplantation is an alternative treatment for preserving continuity of the dental arch following early loss of teeth. The prognosis of transplants determines the indication as compared with other methods of space closure. Transplanted buds of upper premolars as well as of lower third molars continue their root growth. The clinical and roentgenological analysis of 81 autogenously transplanted upper canines, following different operative procedures, indicates, that 50% of the transplants remain in situ for five years and only 25% remain in situ longer than six years. The statistical chances of survival of vitally transplanted, apicoectomied teeth are more favourable. Short-term prognosis is determined by inflammatory bone and/or tooth resorption due to odontogenic infection or occlusal trauma. Long-time prognosis is determined by different forms of tooth resorption. Regular radiographic examination as reveal early odontogenic infections which can then be treated endodontically. The doubtful prognosis necessitates strict indications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Pathophysiological and therapeutic aspects of dentoalveolar resorption.

Both physiological and pathological forms of bone and tooth resorption are seen in the dentoalveolar complex, and much of the non-restorative component of a clinician's work is occupied by problems related to loss of bone or dentine. Bone resorption is also a feature of many systemic diseases, some of which can affect the alveolar bone. The aim of this report is to summarize some recent work in which the dentoalveolar complex has been used as a model system to study physiological, pathological and therapeutic aspects of resorption of bone and dentine.

Bone Resorption↗
PubMed2001

Orthodontic tooth movement in the mixed dentition. Histological study of a human specimen.

MATERIAL AND METHOD: We present a retrospective analysis of periodontal tissue reactions and clinically relevant phases of permanent tooth eruption and deciduous tooth resorption after half a year of orthodontic tooth movement in the upper and lower jaw of a deceased male (age 9 years 3 months). Specimens of the horizontal plane (lower jaw) and sagittal plane (upper jaw) were prepared by the ground microsection technique without prior decalcification. RESULTS: Histologically, reactions in the periodontal ligament presented as characteristic appositional/resorptive metaplastic processes in the areas of tension and pressure, with side effects such as root resorption and periodontal necrosis being only minor. In the upper jaw, an erupting permanent canine was closely associated with the tooth germ of the first premolar. Resorptive follicle activity had resulted in extensive erosion of the interradicular bone and root resorption in the area of the first premolars. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that it might prove useful to take critical topographic findings as parameters for differential therapeutic decisions. Follicle-driven deciduous tooth resorption presenting partly as resorption lacunae and partly with linear characteristics was accompanied by resorptive/appositional remodeling of the alveolar socket as well as regressive changes in the supracrestal fibers of the marginal gingiva.

Child↗
PubMed2006

Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor--a rare cause of jaw swelling.

Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT) is an uncommon tumor of odontogenic origin, characterized histologically by the formation of ductlike structures with amyloid-like deposits. Histogenesis of AOT is still uncertain and it is often considered as a hamartomatous lesion rather than a true neoplasm. AOT has a benign behavior and conservative surgical enucleation or curettage is sufficient. We report a case of AOT in a 15-year-old female who presented with left-sided jaw swelling with tooth resorption. Histopathology revealed intraosseus follicular variant of AOT. A brief review of literature is also discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

DENTAL PULP HEMOGRAM.

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Blood Cell Count↗