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At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Sex distribution in children with tympanosclerosis after insertion of a tympanostomy tube.

Tympanostomy tube insertion is an accepted treatment for otitis media with effusion in children. Several clinical studies have shown that tube insertion may cause myringosclerosis. During the period 1988 to 1997 we treated 533 ears from 311 children who had otitis media with effusion by inserting tympanostomy tubes. Most of these (431 ears from 251 children) were re-examined in 1998 and sex and occurrence of myringosclerosis at the tube insertion site were noted. Myringosclerosis was observed in 31% of ears of girls treated with tubes, whereas in boys 71% of ears showed myringosclerosis. This difference between sexes may indicate a genetic predisposition such as that seen in atherosclerosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Skin tumours in White South Africans. Part II. Age and sex distribution.

The incidence of skin tumours according to age and sex is analysed. Sun-induced tumours occur most commonly in persons between the ages of 50 and 69 years. One half of malignant melanomas are seen at ages following the decline in incidence of junctional and compound naevi. Squamous cell carcinomas occur earlier in males. Histiocytomas are seen earlier and spider angiomas later in females. Tumours occurring predominantly in males include squamous and basal cell carcinoma, kerato-acanthoma and pyogenic granuloma. Histiocytoma and spider angioma are seen more often in females.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

The age of onset and sex distribution of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Africans in South Africa.

Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) appears to be rare in indigenous African populations, but little detailed information has been published. We have therefore analysed the age of onset of diabetes in 176 African patients with IDDM (age of onset < 35 years), and in 149 consecutive white patients of European extraction for comparison. In the Africans the peak age of onset occurred at 22-23 years (median 22 years) with an earlier peak from 14 to 17 years. In the Whites, the peak was found at 12-13 years (median 12 years). In only 7% of Africans did diabetes start under the age of 12 years. There was a slight female preponderance in the Africans, especially at the ages of greatest incident (20-25 years)-F:M 1.55:1. When patients with duration of diabetes less than 5 years only were analysed (the period during which early mortality among African patients was greatly reduced) the patterns of age distribution were similar to the total respective groups. A peak incidence in the winter months was noted.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Neonatal screening for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency: sex distribution.

Eight hundred and six newborn infants at high risk for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency were screened; 30.2% of the boys and 10.4% of the girls had severe G-6-PD deficiency. Surprisingly, 14% of the enzyme deficient girls had a father from a low risk ethnic group. Girls of high risk mothers should be screened for G-6-PD deficiency regardless of paternal origin.

Fathers↗
PubMed1989

Age and sex distribution of patients with colorectal cancer.

A retrospective review of 922 colorectal cancer patients was undertaken to determine whether the nonuniform anatomic distribution of colorectal cancer was influenced by age and/or sex. The mean age of patients with right colon lesions (71.2 years) was significantly higher than for either patients with left colon lesions (68.2 years) or rectal lesions (65.6 years). Further analysis disclosed that patients with proximal tumors were older than patients with distal tumors primarily because of the later presentation of females with cecal or ascending colon cancers. Comparison of the anatomic distribution of tumors in patient groups above and below the age of 70 revealed that right colon cancers accounted for a greater percentage of colorectal tumors in the older patient group than in the younger patient group. These findings support the roles played by both age and sex in influencing colorectal cancer location. Furthermore, these data provide a plausible explanation for the increasing incidence of proximal colonic lesions.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Age and sex distribution in chronic renal failure patients at dialysis induction.

Age distribution at dialysis induction among patients with chronic renal failure was studied in 579 cases. Age distribution differed depending on the primary renal diseases and sex. In chronic glomerulonephritis, males were most numerous in the 30-39 year-old group, followed by the 40-49 and 20-29 year-old groups. They decreased with age. Females showed the same frequencies among the 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-69 and 70-79 year-old groups. However, the 50-59 year-old group had the most cases. Among cases of diabetic nephropathy, males were most numerous in the 50-59 year-old group and females in the 60-69 year-old group. Progression of the disease to renal failure seemed to be more rapid in males than in females. Natural history and possible risk factors in patients with chronic renal failure maintained on hemodialysis were discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Age and sex distribution of suspected adverse drug reactions to newly marketed drugs in general practice in England: analysis of 48 cohort studies.

AIMS: Little is known about the frequency with which suspected adverse drug reactions are seen by general practitioners after the prescription of newly marketed drugs. We investigated age and sex specific incidence rates of suspected adverse drug reactions recorded by general practitioners in England after the prescription of selected newly marketed drugs. METHODS: Information was collected from 48 national cohort studies of newly marketed drugs studied by prescription-event monitoring. Questionnaires were sent to prescribers asking for details of events and suspected adverse drug reactions recorded in the patients' notes occurring after the drugs were prescribed. RESULTS: During the 48 cohort studies, a total of 513608 patients were investigated, of which 221781 (43.2%) were males and 285862 (55.7%) were females. The overall incidence of suspected adverse drug reactions in males was 12.9 per 10000 patient-months of exposure (95% confidence limits 12.3 to 13.5), and in females was 20.6 per 10000 patient-months of exposure (95% confidence limits 19.9 to 21.3). The overall age-standardised relative risk of an adverse drug reaction in females compared with males was 1.6 (1.5-1.7). This sex difference was significant in all age groups above 19 years of age, and was relatively consistent across all age groups (chi2 test for heterogeneity = 9.2, P=0.3). The highest rate of recording in males was in the 50-59 year age group, and in females was in the 30-39 year age group. CONCLUSIONS: In general practice in England, suspected adverse drug reactions to newly marketed drugs are recorded more often in adults aged between 30 and 59 years of age and are 60% more common in women than in men. The sex difference occurs in all age groups over 19 years of age.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Quantitation of glucocorticoid receptors in bovine skeletal muscle: topographical distribution, sex effect and breed comparisons.

The concentration of the cytosolic glucocorticoid receptor (GR) was determined in skeletal muscles of calves in order to study possible differences in individual muscles from different parts of the body as well as the influence of sex and breed. In male and female Simmental calves the topographical distribution of GR was similar: the lowest concentrations were seen in abdominal muscle, whereas in neck, shoulder and hindleg the GR concentrations were higher; this difference was more pronounced in male than in female calves. In general, female calves had about 2-fold higher GR concentrations than males. The cytosolic cortisol concentrations were differing neither between individual muscles nor between sexes. The cortisol secretion during a 24-h sampling period 1 week prior to slaughter showed no sex difference. GR concentrations in neck muscle of female calves of four different German cattle breeds (Holstein Friesian, Brown Swiss, Simmental and German Gelbvieh) were rather similar; however, when Brown Swiss with the highest GR levels were compared to Holstein Friesian calves with the lowest concentrations, a significant difference was evident (P less than 0.05).

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Age and sex distribution of subclinical aortic atherosclerosis: a magnetic resonance imaging examination of the Framingham Heart Study.

Autopsy data demonstrate a correlation between subclinical aortic atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, noninvasive cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) of subclinical atherosclerosis may provide a novel measure of cardiovascular risk, but it has not been applied to an asymptomatic population-based cohort to establish age- and sex-specific normative data. Participants in the Framingham Heart Study offspring cohort who were free of clinically apparent coronary disease were randomly sampled from strata of sex, quartiles of age, and quintiles of Framingham Coronary Risk Score. Subjects (n=318, aged 60+/-9 years, range 36 to 78 years, 51% women) underwent ECG-gated T2-weighted black-blood thoracoabdominal aortic CMR scanning. CMR evidence of aortic atherosclerosis was noted in 38% of the women and 41% of the men. Plaque prevalence and all measures of plaque burden increased with age group and were greater in the abdomen than in the thorax for both sexes and across all age groups. In addition, the Framingham Coronary Risk Score was significantly correlated with all plaque prevalence and burden measures for women but only for men after age adjustment. These noninvasive CMR data extend the prior autopsy-based prevalence estimates of subclinical atherosclerosis and may help to lay the foundation for future studies of risk stratification and treatment of affected individuals.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Distributions, sex and age effects, and joint associations between phenotypes of 14 genetic systems in an Australian population sample.

The distribution of phenotypes of 14 polymorphic systems in a Melbourne sample have been determined. Some differences between males and females were found and the proportion of males of each PGM phenotype was shown to depend on the gene dosage in a linear manner. Among the more prominent effects of age noted, the median age of P1+ females was higher than for P1--females and this finding was associated with a positive linear regression of the proportion of P1+ women on age. No age effect was observed in males in this system. Some evidence for associations between phenotypes were found in 9 pairs of polymorphic systems.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1976

Age-sex distribution of various diseases with particular reference to toxoplasmic lymphadenopathy.

An account is given of some human diseases which affect one sex more than the other. An age-sex realtionship has been noted among British patients with acquired toxoplasmic lymphadenopathy. This is compared with the findings of other European workers. A possible explanation is offered taking all these diseases into consideration together with some of the experimental work done in animals and some of the variations in immunological responses by man.

Adolescent↗