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At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Examining the utility of the PCL:SV as a screening measure using competing factor models of psychopathy.

The correspondence between the Hare Psychopathy Checklist: Screening Version (PCL:SV; S. D. Hart, D. N. Cox, & R. D. Hare, 1995) and the Hare Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R; R. D. Hare, 1991, 2003) was examined in forensic (N = 175) and correctional (N = 188) samples. Intermeasure correlations for Total scores (.95 forensic, .94 correctional) and the original 2-factor, D. J. Cooke and C. Michie's (2001) 3-factor, and R. D. Hare's (2003) 4-facet models (range = .87-.95) were high. Area under the curve values for the PCL:SV were .98 in both samples (cutoff = PCL-R Total score of 25). The PCL:SV performed well as a screen, maximizing false positive relative to false negative errors. Close correlations for prediction of violent recidivism in the correctional sample were obtained for the PCL-R (.42) and PCL:SV (.37). Results indicate the robust relation between the measures is maintained whether they are completed on the basis of file review only or file plus interview and whether the same or different raters score the measures.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Biosynthesis of rifamycin SV by Amycolatopsis mediterranei MTCC17 in solid cultures.

Studies were performed on the production of rifamycin SV, an ansamycin compound, extensively used for curing tuberculosis, leprosy and several other mycobacterial infections, using a strain of Amycolatopsis mediterranei MTCC17 in solid cultures. Wheat bran was employed as a solid substrate. The culture produced 4 g of rifamycin SV/kg of substrate. Pre-treatment of the substrate with dilute HCl was found to increase the yield of rifamycin SV by 300% (from 4 to 12 g x kg of substrate(-1)). Various process parameters were tested to establish the best conditions for the maximum production of the compound and a initial moisture level of 80%, inoculum size of 40%, initial substrate pH of 7.0, incubation temperature of 26 degrees C and a 7 day fermentation period were found to be optimal. Different solvents were used for the extraction of rifamycin SV from the fermented matter and methanol was found to be most suitable. Under optimized conditions, the yield of rifamycin SV further increased from 12 to 32 g x kg of substrate(-1), showing an 8-fold increase from the initial value.

Actinomycetales↗
PubMed1986

Proliferation-dependent regulation of base excision repair in normal and SV-40 transformed human cells.

The effect of SV-40 viral transformation of human cells on the proliferation-dependent regulation of base excision repair was examined. Normal human diploid WI-38 fibroblasts and SV-40 transformed WI-38 cells were used to examine whether the process of transformation perturbed the regulation of base excision repair. The regulation of excision repair enzymes in each cell type was examined by quantitating: the specific activities of the base excision repair enzymes uracil DNA glycosylase and hypoxanthine DNA glycosylase as a function of cell growth; and immunological analysis of the uracil DNA glycosylase using monoclonal antibodies to human uracil DNA glycosylase. In each cell type, both DNA glycosylase activities were increased as a function of cell proliferation; the extent of enhancement being greater in the transformed cells. As defined by ELISA and immunoblot analysis, the induced uracil DNA glycosylases in both cell types share the same determinants. Although other repair processes are altered upon SV-40 transformation, these results suggest that the proliferation-dependent regulation of these base excision repair enzymes is retained in SV-40 transformed human cells.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1982

Aerobic oxidation of rifamycin SV to rifamycin S catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase.

The aerobic oxidation of rifamycin SV to rifamycin S was catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase. The oxidation rate increased with increasing pH. The oxidation was inhibited by catalase, but superoxide dismutase enhanced the oxidation rate of rifamycin SV. Superoxide inhibited the oxidation and superoxide dismutase relieved the inhibition of oxidation by superoxide. An oxidation mechanism of rifamycin SV catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase which accounts for these data is proposed and a convenient positive assay for superoxide dismutase, using the rifamycin SV-horseradish peroxidase-O2 system, is described.

Aerobiosis↗
PubMed1995

Leukaemogenesis by the delta Mo + SV Moloney murine leukaemia virus (M-MuLV) variant in E mu pim-1 transgenic mice: high frequency of recombination with a solo endogenous M-MuLV LTR in vivo.

We previously described an enhancer variant of Moloney murine leukaemia virus (M-MuLV), delta Mo + SV M-MuLV, in which the enhancers of MuLV have been deleted and replaced with the enhancers of the simian virus 40 (SV40). When this virus is injected into neonatal NIH Swiss mice, pre-B and B-lymphoblastic lymphomas develop with a latency of 17 months. Van Lohuizen et al. (1989) described a line of transgenic mice that carry an activated pim-1 proto-oncogene transgene (E mu pim-1). They also reported that E mu pim-1 transgenic mice show greatly accelerated lymphoma development when infected with wild-type M-MuLV at birth. In these experiments, neonatal E mu pim-1 transgenic mice were infected intraperitoneally with delta Mo + SV M-MuLV. Marked acceleration of T-lymphoid leukaemia was seen. However, 10 of the 11 tumours analysed were found to be negative for the SV40 enhancers, but they still contained M-MuLV DNA as measured by Southern blot analysis. The LTRs on viruses cloned from two such tumours (as well as on virus recovered by infection onto NIH 3T3 cells) were characterized by PCR amplification, molecular cloning and sequence analysis. The LTR's from the two tumours were identical to each other and were distinct from both the delta Mo + SV M-MuLV and wild-type M-MuLV LTRs. However, they were identical to a rearranged solo M-MuLV LTR present in the E mu pim-1 transgene. These results indicate that the recombination in vivo between delta Mo + SV M-MuLV and the E mu pim-1 transgene yielded a replication-competent and pathogenic virus at high efficiency. This is the first report of in vivo recombination between an exogenous MuLV and a solo endogenous LTR.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Identification and subcellular distribution of cornified envelope precursor proteins in the transformed human keratinocyte line SV-K14.

SV-40 transformed human foreskin keratinocytes (line SV-K14) develop under conditions of serum starvation the competence to form cornified envelopes that are characteristic of terminally differentiating epidermal cells. In this cell line, the final assembly of the envelope does not occur spontaneously but must be induced using a calcium ionophore. Five potential precursor proteins with molecular weights of 140K, 90K, 61K, 53K, and 36K, respectively, could be detected in the extracts of envelope competent and noncompetent cells. The 61 kD and the 36 kD precursors were specifically decorated in immunoblots when using an antiserum directed against the purified cornified envelope of SV-K14 cells. The 140 kD protein was identified as involucrin by means of a commercial anti-involucrin antibody. Part of the 61 kD protein was found to be inserted into the plasma membrane after the cells gained envelope competence. The set of precursor proteins used by SV-K14 cells differed markedly from those described in the literature for epidermal cells in vivo and for normal human keratinocytes in vitro. Furthermore, cyanogen bromide cleavage of purified envelopes from transformed and normal keratinocytes revealed a completely different peptide pattern. This indicates that the exact molecular composition of the cornified envelope may not be strictly determined and may vary according to the availability of potential substrate proteins at the very moment when the cross-linking enzyme, the plasma membrane associated transglutaminase, becomes functional.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1974

Evaluation of rifamycin SV and rifampin kinetics in lactating ewes.

Serum and milk concentrations of rifamycin SV and rifampin were determined in lactating ewes after a single intravenous injection, and pharmacokinetic parameters were evaluated by the two-compartment open-system model. Rifampin was distributed throughout a greater volume than rifamycin SV and was eliminated more slowly from the body. The concentrations of the two drugs, both lipophilic weak acids, in milk after intravenous or intramuscular injection were lower than in serum, but rifampin was detected in milk sooner and for longer periods than rifamycin SV. Under constant serum drug concentrations, the observed milk/serum ultrafiltrate concentrations ratios (0.19 to 0.29 for rifamycin SV, and 0.90 to 1.28 for rifampin) were close to the calculated ratios derived from the pH-pK passive diffusion concept.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Preliminary results of a clinical trial relative to the use of rifamycin SV in the treatment of herpes zoster.

In a controlled clinical trial undertaken in ten Italian centres, rifamycin SV was compared to associations of various drugs such as erythromycin, aureomycin, multivitamin preparations, etc, in the treatment of herpes zoster. Up to now 144 patients, suffering from herpes zoster at different localizations, were divided into three groups and randomly given either rifamycin SV by intramuscular injection and topically, or rifamycin SV by injection only, or the routine treatment used at the particular centre in question. To evaluate the effectiveness of the treatments, the presence of subjective and objective symptoms was determined before treatment started and daily thereafter. The duration, in days, of the most important symptoms, such as erythema, vesicles, scabs and pain, was considered for this partial evaluation. All the above-mentioned symptoms constantly showed a shorter duration in the two groups treated with rifamycin SV compared to the group treated with other therapies, with differences as significant on statistical calculation as they were important on the level of a clinical evaluation of the disease's course.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed2005

Reliability and Validity Evaluation of the Psychopathy Checklist: Screening Version (PCL:SV) in Swedish correctional and forensic psychiatric samples.

This study evaluated the structural reliability, construct-related validity, and cultural validity generalization of the Hare Psychopathy Checklist: Screening Version (PCL:SV) in a sample of more than 560 male and female Swedish forensic psychiatric treatment patients, forensic evaluation patients, and criminal offenders. Structural reliability was excellent for most indices. PCL:SV scores were higher for males than females for total and Part 1 scores (interpersonal/affective features) but not for Part 2 (behavioral features). With some exceptions, PCL:SV scores were meaningfully related to aggression to others, a measure of risk for violence, substance use problems, personality disorder (positive), and psychosis (negative). Correlations between PCL:SV and aggression were larger for females than males, although the difference was smaller when personality disorder was held constant. The structural reliability and pattern of validity coefficients were comparable in these Swedish samples to other non-North American samples. Implications for the cross-cultural manifestation and correlates of psychopathy are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Distance-restrained docking of rifampicin and rifamycin SV to RNA polymerase using systematic FRET measurements: developing benchmarks of model quality and reliability.

We are developing distance-restrained docking strategies for modeling macromolecular complexes that combine available high-resolution structures of the components and intercomponent distance restraints derived from systematic fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) measurements. In this article, we consider the problem of docking small-molecule ligands within macromolecular complexes. Using simulated FRET data, we have generated a series of benchmarks that permit estimation of model accuracy based on the quantity and quality of FRET-derived distance restraints, including the number, random error, systematic error, distance distribution, and radial distribution of FRET-derived distance restraints. We find that expected model accuracy is 10 A or better for models based on: i), > or =20 restraints with up to 15% random error and no systematic error, or ii), > or =20 restraints with up to 15% random error, up to 10% systematic error, and a symmetric radial distribution of restraints. Model accuracies can be improved to 5 A or better by increasing the number of restraints to > or =40 and/or by optimizing the distance distribution of restraints. Using experimental FRET data, we have defined the positions of the binding sites within bacterial RNA polymerase of the small-molecule inhibitors rifampicin (Rif) and rifamycin SV (Rif SV). The inferred binding sites for Rif and Rif SV were located with accuracies of, respectively, 7 and 10 A relative to the crystallographically defined binding site for Rif. These accuracies agree with expectations from the benchmark simulations and suffice to indicate that the binding sites for Rif and Rif SV are located within the RNA polymerase active-center cleft, overlapping the binding site for the RNA-DNA hybrid.

Binding Sites↗
PubMed1982

The effect of rifamycin SV on neutrophil functions in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

The chemotaxis, phagocytic capacity and reducing activity of neutrophils derived from peripheral blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) did not differ from those of control. However, some significant differences between neutrophils from rheumatic and healthy subjects emerged in the presence of rifamycin SV. The chemotactic response of neutrophils from patients with RA was activated by rifamycin SV, whereas cells from controls did not orient their locomotion towards the drug. Moreover, incubation of RA patient's cells with rifamycin SV in vitro depressed phagocytic and reducing activities; the same treatment on normal cells failed to alter these functions. A correlation between improvement of clinical symptoms after treatment of RA by local infiltration with rifamycin SV, observed by others, and the impairment of phagocytosis and NBT reduction, here described, was suggested.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1993

Rifamycin SV versus triamcinolone in local treatment of rheumatoid synovitis.

This study was aimed to evaluate the usefulness of rifamycin SV as an agent for local treatment of rheumatoid synovitis. Rifamycin SV was compared with triamcinolone acetonide in a randomized controlled trial on 87 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and with persistent knee synovitis. The treatment with rifamycin consisted of several weekly intra-articular injections, whereas triamcinolone was given as a single intra-articular injection. At the end of the therapy, 27 (61.4%) of the 44 rifamycin patients and 39 (91%) of the 43 steroid patients responded well to the treatment, and this difference was significant (p < 0.01). Rifamycin SV was responsible for unpleasant local side effects in all cases. In both groups, after 1 year of follow-up the synovitis had relapsed in about 42% of cases. We conclude that rifamycin SV is less useful than triamcinolone acetonide in the local treatment of rheumatoid synovitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

The role of glutathione in protection against DNA damage induced by rifamycin SV and copper(II) ions.

Incubation of calf thymus DNA in the presence of rifamycin SV induces a decrease in the absorbance of DNA at 260 nm. The effect, was found to be proportional to the antibiotic concentration and enhanced by copper(II) ions. In the presence of rifamycin SV and copper(II), a significant increase in thiobarbituric acid-reactive (TBA-reactive) material is also observed. This effect is inhibited to different degrees by the following antioxidants: catalase 77%; thiourea 72%; glutathione (GSH) 62%; ethanol 52%; and DMSO 34%, suggesting that both hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hydroxyl radicals (OH.) are involved in DNA damage. Rifamycin SV-copper(II) mixtures were also found to induce the production of peroxidation material from deoxyribose and, in this case, glutathione and ethanol were the most effective antioxidant substrates with inhibition rates of 91% and 88% respectively. Electrophoretic studies show that calf thymus DNA becomes damaged after 20 min. incubation in the presence of both agents together and that the damaged fragments run with migration rates similar to those obtained by the metal chelating agent 1,10-phenanthroline. Normal DNA electrophoretic pattern was found to be preserved by catalase, and GSH at physiological concentrations and by thiourea. No protection is observed in the presence of ethanol or DMSO. The results obtained indicate the involvement of different reactive species in the degradation process of DNA due to rifamycin SV-copper(II) complex and emphasize the role of reduced glutathione as an oxygen free radical scavenger.

Copper↗
PubMed2005

[Purification of a small peptide SV-PP-3 from the venom of Agkistrodon blomhoffii siniticus and its inhibition of platelet aggregation].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the inhibitory effect of the small peptide SV-PP-3 from the venom of Agkistrodon blomhoffii siniticus on platelet aggregation. METHODS: The small peptide SV-PP-3 was isolated and purified by centrifugation at low temperature, sephadex G-75 column chromatography and reverse-phase (HPLC) on C-18 column. The platelet aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate (ADP) was measured by LBY-NJ aggregometer. RESULTS: SV-PP-3 was purified from the venom of Agkistrodon blomhoffii siniticus, which inhibited the platelet ADP-induced platelet aggregation in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION: SV-PP-3 can inhibit ADP-Induced platelet aggregation.

Agkistrodon↗
PubMed1996

SV40 T-antigen induces breast cancer formation with a high efficiency in lactating and virgin WAP-SV-T transgenic animals but with a low efficiency in ovariectomized animals.

The whey acid protein (WAP) is a major mouse milk protein and its gene expression is induced by various lactotrophic hormones (eg, estrogen, progesterone). Transgenic animals harboring the early SV40 coding region (T/t-antigen) under the transcriptional control of the WAP promoter develop breast cancer after the first lactation period. The tumor cells synthesize the SV40 T-antigen with a high efficiency indicating that WAP-SV-T expression escapes down-regulation after the lactation period. However about 5-10% of the tumors became T-antigen negative during tumor progression and WAP-SV-T expression was only demonstrable by PCR analysis. Both T-antigen positive and negative tumor cells expressed the estrogen and progesterone receptor at a comparable rate, indicating that hormone receptor levels do not determine expression of the WAP-SV-T transgene. Furthermore, WAP and WAP-SV-T gene expression are not restricted to the pregnancy-lactation period. Virgin animals also express both genes with a low efficiency and about 70% of these animals also developed T-antigen positive breast tumors. The tumor rate however was strongly reduced in ovariectomized animals, indicating that the ovary hormones play a critical role in breast cancer formation.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Inhibition of interleukin-1 release and activity by the rat seminal vesicle protein SV-IV.

SV-IV, a 9.8-kd protein isolated from rat seminal vesicle secretion, has been shown to have strong non-species-specific immunosuppressive, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, and antiphospholipase A2 properties. The present investigation was undertaken to determine the mechanism of action of its immunosuppressive effects. It was found that SV-IV is a potent inhibitor of interleukin-1 (IL-1) release from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated human adherent monocytes and an effective inhibitor of IL-1-induced thymocyte proliferation. The ability of SV-IV to form a noncovalent dimeric association with IL-1 alpha but not with IL-1 beta, its ability to induce a marked decrease of IL-1 binding to its own receptors on the thymocyte surface, and its capacity to bind specifically to the macrophage plasma membrane might play an important role in the molecular mechanism of these inhibitory effects.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Size and distribution of SV 40 DNA Sequences covalently linked with the DNA of permissive mammalian cells.

CV-1 cells productively infected with SV 40 contain viral DNA which is covalently linked with the host cell DNA. These linear duplex viral-host DNA molecules are replicated during the infectious cycle. They can be selectively isolated and purified by two successive cycles of DNA-DNA hybridization and elution steps using first CV-1 cell and then SV 40-DNA immobilized on filters. In an attempt to clarify the nature of the host DNA sequences neighbouring the viral DNA it was found that reiterated host DNA must be within the range of 800 bases from the viral sequences. Reassociation kinetics and treatment of the reassociated viral-host DNA sequences with single strand-specific S1 nuclease have shown that unique host DNA sequences are always present in close neighbourhood of the viral DNA. Most of the SV 40 DNA sequences are probably intergrated as fragments of subgenomic length.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Increase in plasma membrane phosphodiesterase activity in contact-inhibited 3T3 cells and in phenotypically reverted SV-3T3 cells.

Contact-inhibited 3T3 mouse fibroblast cells, in contrast to logarithmically growing 3T3 cells and SV-3T3 transformed cells, have increased levels of plasma membrane-bound phosphodiesterase (oligonucleotidase, E.C.3.1.4.19; nucleotide pyrophosphatase, E.C. 3.6.1.9) activity. The increase in enzyme, recorded as increased specific activity, is reversible, as evidenced by the return to normal values following dilution of confluent 3T2 cells and re-initiation of growth. Increased enzyme activity is induced again when the cells regain the confluent state. Transformed SV-3T3 cells can be induced to mimic the contact inhibited state, including increased plasma membrane phosphodiesterase activity, by exposure to a combination of: (i) agents that are known to induce increased intracellular cAMP levels and (ii) additions of purified 3T3 or SV-3T3 plasma membranes. Additions of either alone fails to induce the increase in membrane phosphodiesterase activity, although each alone can significantly suppress cell growth, as measured by incorporation of 3H amino acids. We suggest that the elevation of plasma membrane phosphodiesterase activity may serve as a measure of conversion to the contact-inhibited state in both normal cells and phenotypically reverted transformed cells.

Animals↗